Drugs

Question 1

Daptomycin

Answer 1

Targets cell membrane, gram positive.

Question 2

Trypsin kinase inhibitors

Answer 2

For CML

Question 3

Macrolides

Answer 3

Gram positive, some gram negative.
Targets 50S ribosomal subunit, prevents amino-acyl transfer + truncation of polypeptides.
E.g. erythromycin, azithromycin.

Question 4

Quinolones

Answer 4

Broad spectrum, targets DNA girase on gram negative and topisomerase IV in gram positive.

Question 5

Rifampicin

Answer 5

Targets RpoB subunit of RNA polymerase.
Spontaneous resistance common.
Secretions go red/orange.

Question 6

Sulphonamides

Answer 6

Protonsil the first.
Bacteriostatic.
UTIs, RTIs, bacteraemia, prophylaxis for HIV.

Question 7

Aminoglycosides

Answer 7

Targets protein synthesis (30S ribosomal subunit), damages cell membrane.
E.g gentamicin, streptomycin,

Question 8

Baloxavir

Answer 8

NA inhibitor, decreases viral shedding.

Question 9

Tamiflu

Answer 9

Inhibits NA from cleaving sialic acid, so prevents spread.
For influenza.

Question 10

Relenza

Answer 10

NA inhibitor, spontaneous resistance common.
For influenza.

Question 11

Linezolid

Answer 11

Bacteriostatic, inhibits protein synthesis through binding 50S rRNA subunit,.
Gram positive.

Question 12

Remdesivir

Answer 12

Hep C, adenosine analogue, termination 3 nucleotides downstream.

Question 13

PrEP

Question 14

HAART

Question 15

AZT

Question 16

Warfarin

Answer 16

Vitamin K antagonist, reduces synthesis of factors II, VII, XI + X.

Question 17

Heparin

Answer 17

Potentiates antithrombin so inactivates IIa and Xa.

Question 18

Direct oral anticoagulants

Answer 18

Inhibits thrombin and factor Xa

Question 19

Aspirin

Answer 19

Anti-platelet, irreversibly binds COX

Question 20

Tranexamic acid

Answer 20

Synthetic derivative of lysine, binds to plasminogen and prevents activation through competitive inhibition

Question 21

Orlistat

Answer 21

Competitive inhibitor of lipase

Question 22

Lovastatin

Answer 22

Statin, HMG CoA reductase competitive inhibitor

Question 23

Vancomycin

Answer 23

Targets lipid II component of cell wall biosynthesis and wall cross linking

Question 24

Amantadine

Answer 24

Antiviral for influenza A
Blocks M2 ion channel so no H+ entry, prevents uncoating.
Most H3N2 viruses are resistant.