Drugs Flashcards
Daptomycin
Targets cell membrane, gram positive.
Trypsin kinase inhibitors
For CML
Macrolides
Gram positive, some gram negative.
Targets 50S ribosomal subunit, prevents amino-acyl transfer + truncation of polypeptides.
E.g. erythromycin, azithromycin.
Quinolones
Broad spectrum, targets DNA girase on gram negative and topisomerase IV in gram positive.
Rifampicin
Targets RpoB subunit of RNA polymerase.
Spontaneous resistance common.
Secretions go red/orange.
Sulphonamides
Protonsil the first.
Bacteriostatic.
UTIs, RTIs, bacteraemia, prophylaxis for HIV.
Aminoglycosides
Targets protein synthesis (30S ribosomal subunit), damages cell membrane.
E.g gentamicin, streptomycin,
Baloxavir
NA inhibitor, decreases viral shedding.
Tamiflu
Inhibits NA from cleaving sialic acid, so prevents spread.
For influenza.
Relenza
NA inhibitor, spontaneous resistance common.
For influenza.
Linezolid
Bacteriostatic, inhibits protein synthesis through binding 50S rRNA subunit,.
Gram positive.
Remdesivir
Hep C, adenosine analogue, termination 3 nucleotides downstream.
PrEP
HAART
AZT
Warfarin
Vitamin K antagonist, reduces synthesis of factors II, VII, XI + X.
Heparin
Potentiates antithrombin so inactivates IIa and Xa.
Direct oral anticoagulants
Inhibits thrombin and factor Xa
Aspirin
Anti-platelet, irreversibly binds COX
Tranexamic acid
Synthetic derivative of lysine, binds to plasminogen and prevents activation through competitive inhibition
Orlistat
Competitive inhibitor of lipase
Lovastatin
Statin, HMG CoA reductase competitive inhibitor
Vancomycin
Targets lipid II component of cell wall biosynthesis and wall cross linking
Amantadine
Antiviral for influenza A
Blocks M2 ion channel so no H+ entry, prevents uncoating.
Most H3N2 viruses are resistant.
