DRUGS

Question 1

Chlorpromazine

Answer 1

combined blockade of Histamine H1, Dopamine D2 and muscarinic M1 receptors in vomiting centre for antiemetic effect.

D2 receptors are in the mesolimbic pathway for antipsychotic effect.

D2 block in the nigrostriatal pathway for extrapryamidal side effects. (tardive, parkinson like syndrome)

Question 2

Haloperidol

Answer 2

D2 block in mesolimbic.

also used off label for managment of chorea associated with huntingtons disease and the treatment for intracable hiccups as is also a potent antiemitic.

Question 3

Fluphenazine

Answer 3

typical first gen that blocks D2 receptors in the mesolimbic cortical and basal ganglia.

Question 4

Thiothixene

Answer 4

Thiothixene blocks postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the mesolimbic system and medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone

this agent blocks the D2 somatodendritic autoreceptor, thereby increasing dopamine turnover. Thiothixene possesses weak affinity for the histamine H1 and alpha-adrenergic receptors.

Question 5

Clozapine

Answer 5

second generation atypical antipsychotic.

The mechanism by which clozapine exerts its effects involves the blocking of 5-HT2A/5-HT2C serotonin receptors and the D1-4 dopamine receptors, with the highest affinity for the D4 dopamine receptor.

Question 6

Risperidone

Answer 6

inhibition of dopaminergic D2 receptors and serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors

Question 7

quetiapine

Answer 7

antagonism of dopamine type 2 (D2) and serotonin 2A (5HT2A) receptors.

quetiapine’s actions may be attributed to the binding of this drug or its metabolite to the norepinephrine transporter.

Question 8

Iloperidone

Answer 8

Iloperidone is a dopamine D2 and 5-HT2A receptor antagonist and acts as a neuroleptic agent.

Question 9

what is the only FDA approved medication for treating schizophernia thst is resistant to other treatments?

Answer 9

Clozapine

Question 10

brexpiprazole

Answer 10

partial agonist activity at serotonin 1A and dopamine D2 receptors, and antagonist activity at serotonin 2A receptors

Question 11

Aripiprazole

Answer 11

agonism of D2 and 5-HT1A receptors

Question 12

What are side affects of anti psychotic medications?

Answer 12

Weight gain
Sexual problems
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Restlessness
Dry mouth
Constipation
Nausea
Blurred vision
Low blood pressure
Seizures
Low white blood cell count

Question 13

Citalopram

Answer 13

an SSRI
The molecular target for citalopram is the serotonin transporter (solute carrier family 6 member 4, SLC6A4), inhibiting its serotonin reuptake in the synaptic cleft

Question 14

Fluoxetine

Answer 14

SSRI

t exerts it’s therapeutic effect by inhibiting the presynaptic reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin.2 As a result, levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) are increased in various parts of the brain.13 Further, fluoxetine has high affinity for 5-HT transporters, weak affinity for noradrenaline transporters and no affinity for dopamine transporters indicating that it is 5-HT selective

5-HT2C receptor and it has been suggested that through this mechanism, it is able to increase noradrenaline and dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex.

Question 15

Paroxetine

Answer 15

ssri

the inhibition presynaptic reuptake of serotonin by the serotonin (SERT) receptor

Question 16

Sertraline

Answer 16

SSRI

Sertraline selectively inhibits the reuptake of serotonin (5-HT) at the presynaptic neuronal membrane, thereby increasing serotonergic activity.

Question 17

Escitalopram

Answer 17

SSRI

binding to the orthosteric (i.e. primary) binding site on the serotonin transporter (SERT), the same site to which endogenous 5-HT binds, and thus prevents the re-uptake of serotonin into the presynaptic neuron

Question 18

side affects of antidepressants

Answer 18

weight gain,
Nausea and vommiting,
Tiredness,
Diarrhea,
Sex problems,