Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARA2007 > DRUGS > Flashcards

DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

What is adrenaline?

A
  • Activates sympathetic nervous system
  • α & β adrenergic agonist, stabilises mast cells, reduces subglottic oedema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is adrenaline used for?

A
  • Severe croup
  • Cardiac arrest
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Life threatening asthma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Adrenaline routes

A
  • IV
  • IO
  • IM
  • Neb
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline for croup?

A
  • Adults: 5mg nebuliser
  • Paediatrics: <6 months 2.5 mg, >6 months 5mg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline in cardiac arrest?

A
  • IV 1mg every 4 minutes (every second cycle)
  • IO 1 mg every 4 minutes (every second cycle)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Special consideration for adrenaline in cardiac arrest

A

Hypothermia
- double drug intervals intervals in hypothermic patients (30 - 35degrees) (ie. every 8 minutes)
- withhold in <30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline for anaphylaxis/ life threatening asthma?

A
  • 10 microg/kg to max 500 microg
  • repeat 5 mins PRN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is amioderone?

A

An antiarrhythmic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Indications for amiodarone

A

Refractory VT/VF in cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Routes of amiodarone

A
  • IV
  • IO
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dose of amiodarone

A

300mg following 3rd shockable rhythm
- once only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is aspirin?

A

An anti platelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is aspirin used for?

A

Cardiac chest pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Route of aspirin

A

Oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dose of aspirin

A

300 mg tablet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is benzoyl penicillin?

A

Antimicrobial;
inhibits cell wall synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is benzyl pencilian used for?

A

Suspected meningococcal septicaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Routes of Ben pen

A
  • IM
  • IV (prefers in adults)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Dose of Ben pen (both IM and IV):

A

Prepare as 1200 mg/4 mL (reconstituted in 3.2 mL water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is fentanyl?

A

An opiate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is fentanyl used for?

A

Pain relief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Routes of fentanyl

A
  • IN
  • IV (preferred in adults)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the IV dose of fentanyl?

A
  • 25 – 50 microg (slow push) every 5 min PRN;
    Max total cumulative dose 300 microg
  • reconstitute with 8 mls of saline = 10microg/1ml
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the IN dose of fentanyl?

A

Up to 200 microg
repeat after 5 min if required
Max total cumulative dose 400 microg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is fexofenadine?

A

Non sedating H1 antihistamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is fexofenadine used for?

A

Allergic reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Route of fexofenadine

A

Oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Dose of fexofenadine

A

180 mg tablet, once daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is glucagon?

A

Glycogenolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Route of glucagon

A

IM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Dose of glucagon:

A

1 mg (in 1 mL water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is glucose 10%?

A

Hyperglycaemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is glucose 10% used for?

A

Hypoglycaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Dose of glucose 10%

A
  • To effect glucose 25 g/250 mL
  • Post ROSC: Aim BGL 4–10 mmol/L
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is GTN?

A
  • A vasodilator
  • decreases preload
36
Q

What is GTN used for?

A
  • cardiac chest pain
  • ACPO
37
Q

Route of GTN

A

Sub lingual

38
Q

Dose of GTN

A
  • 400 microg spray
  • 300 micgrog tablet
  • every 5 minutes while adequate BP
39
Q

What is ipatropium?

A

Inhaled anticholinergic (M3)

40
Q

What is ipatropium used for?

A
  • Asthma
  • COPD
41
Q

Routes of ipatropium

A
  • MDI
  • NEB
42
Q

Dose of ipatropium (MDI)

A
  • 168 microg (8 puffs) * * 4 breaths per puff
  • Once only
43
Q

Dose of ipatropium (Neb)

A

500 microg (once only)**
** Except severe or life threatening asthma or severe exacerbations of COPD
repeat every 20 min to 3 doses

44
Q

What is methoxyflurane?

A

Analgesic

45
Q

What is methoxyflurane used for?

A

Pain relief

46
Q

Route of methoxyflurane

A

Inhaled

47
Q

Dose of methoxyflurane

A

3 mL
repeat once if required
(no more than 2 doses in 24 hours)

48
Q

What is midazolam?

A
  • A GABA stimulant
  • CNS depressant
49
Q

What is midazolam used for?

A
  • seizures
  • mental health transfers
  • CPRIC
50
Q

Route of midazolam (seizures)

A
  • IM
51
Q

Dose of midazolam (seizures)

A

0.1 mg/kg up to 10 mg repeat once to max 10 mg per dose;
(Only 5 ml per injection site)

52
Q

What is naloxone?

A

Opioid antagonist

53
Q

What is naloxone used for?

A

Opioid overdose

54
Q

Route of naloxone

A
  • IN
  • IM
  • IV
55
Q

Dose of naloxone (IN)

A

120 microg
every 30-60 sec PRN

56
Q

Dose of naloxone (IM)

A

400 microg every 1-2 min PRN

57
Q

Dose of naloxone (IV)

A

100 microg every 30-60 sec PRN

58
Q

What is ondansetron?

A

5HT3 antagonist

59
Q

What is ondansetron used for?

A

Nausea and vomiting

60
Q

Routes of ondansetron

A
  • oral
  • IV
  • IM
61
Q

Dose of ondansetron

A
  • IV 4mg, slow push, repeat once
  • IM - 4mg, repeat once
  • oral - 4 mg, repeat once
62
Q

What is paracetamol?

A

Analgesic

63
Q

What is paracetamol used for?

A

Pain

64
Q

Routes of paracetamol

A
  • IV
  • Oral
65
Q

Dose of paracetamol

A
  • 1000mg
  • if not given in past 4 hours
66
Q

What is prednisone?

A

Corticosteroid

67
Q

What is prednisone used for?

A
  • croup
  • asthma
  • COPD
68
Q

Route of prednisone

A
  • oral (tablet or liquid)
69
Q

Dose of prednisone

A

50 mg (if no oral steroids in past 24 hrs)
Asthma- moderate - severe COPD (as per management plan if possible)

70
Q

Dose of prednisone for croup/ asthma in paediatrics

A

Croup: 1 mg/kg (max 50 mg) mild - moderate (if tolerated) severe or life threat (post adrenaline neb if tolerated)
Asthma: 1 mg/kg (max 50 mg)
moderate - severe (if tolerated & no oral steroids in past 24 hrs)

71
Q

What is salbutamol?

A
  • smooth muscle relaxant
  • bronchodilator
  • B2 antagonist
72
Q

What is salbutamol used for?

A
  • asthma
  • COPD
  • anaphylaxis with bronchospasm
73
Q

Route of salbutamol

A
  • MDI
  • NEB
74
Q

Dose of salbutamol (MDI)

A

Mild - moderate asthma: 1200 microg (12 puffs)* * 4 breaths per puff
MDI preferred in COPD - change to neb if ineffective or patient unable to use MDI

75
Q

Dose of salbutamol (NEB)

A
  • Moderate asthma: 5 mg - every 20 min up to 3 doses
  • Severe asthma: 15 mg & repeat if required
  • Life threatening asthma: 15 mg continuous
  • COPD: 5 mg; (repeat every 20 min up to 3 doses for severe exacerbations)
76
Q

What is sodium chloride 9%

A

Isotonic crystalloid solution

77
Q

What is sodium chloride used for?

A
  • fluids
  • Hypovolaemia haemorrhagic or obstructive shock states
  • Sepsis with hypotension or dehydration (symptomatic)
  • Neurogenic shock
  • Haemorrhage (3rd trimester pregnancy)
  • Postpartum haemorrhage
  • burns
  • Cardiac arrest if hypovolaemic or obstructive shock states (address 4 Hs/4 Ts)
  • Post ROSC hypotension and altered GCS
78
Q

Dose of sodium chloride for Hypovolaemia haemorrhagic or obstructive shock states

A

-20 mls/kg
- To radial pulse & stable GCS

79
Q

Dose of sodium chloride for Sepsis with hypotension or dehydration (symptomatic)

A

Consult

80
Q

Dose of sodium chloride for Neurogenic shock

A

Up to 1000 mL, until permissive hypotension

81
Q

Dose of sodium chloride for Haemorrhage (3rd trimester pregnancy)

A

250 mL aliquots up to 1000 mL; Consult if more required

82
Q

Dose of sodium chloride for Postpartum haemorrhage

A

250 mL aliquots, repeat as necessary to achieve radial pulse & adequate cerebral perfusion

83
Q

Dose of sodium chloride for burns

A

Re-establish & maintain normal volume

84
Q

Dose of sodium chloride for Cardiac arrest if hypovolaemic or obstructive shock states (address 4 Hs/4 Ts)

A

Up to 20 mL/kg (in 500 mL aliquots)
In trauma additional up to 10 mL/kg if required
Consult if more required

85
Q

Dose of sodium chloride for Post ROSC hypotension and altered GCS

A

Up to 10 mL/kg (in 250 mL aliquots) until radial pulse or SBP 100 mmHg; max 1000 mL Consult if hypotension persists

86
Q

Pain management options

A

Consider clinical support in cases where pain is significant or likely to be difficult to control Administer paracetamol (providing it has not been given in the past 4 hours):
- Oral paracetamol 1000mg (if tolerated),
OR
- IV paracetamol 1000 mg/100 mL over 10 min; followed by 100 mL sodium chloride 0.9% flush at the same infusion rate,

  • Consider inhaled methoxyflurane 3 mL; may be repeated once if required to a total of no more than 2 doses over the previous 24 hours

If severe pain, stable GCS of 15 (or patient’s normal GCS) with a systolic BP ≥ 100 mmHg, select from:
- IV fentanyl 25 - 50 microg slow push (over no less than 1 min); may be repeated at 5 min intervals as required (The total cumulative dose of IV fentanyl must not exceed 300 microg;) (OR IN)

If pain is uncontrolled consider ICP for ketamine

PARA2007 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions