Drugs Flashcards
Nitrous Oxide MAC
104
Nitrous Oxide Blood:Gas
0.47
Desflurane MAC
6
Desflurane MAC 60-70% N20
2.8
Desflurane Blood:Gas
0.42
Sevoflurane MAC
2.1
Sevoflurane MAC in 60-70% N20
0.66
Sevoflurane Blood:Gas
0.63-0.69
Isoflurane MAC
1.15
Isoflurane MAC in 60-70% N20
0.5
Isoflurane Blood:Gas
1.43
Lidocaine Onset
local anesthetic section
Rapid-Mod
Bupivicaine Onset
Moderate
Ropivicaine Onset
Moderate
Exparel (bupivicaine liposome injectable suspension) Onset
Moderate
Exparel Duration Spinal
bupivicaine liposome injectable suspension
96 hrs after local infiltration and 120 hours after interscalene brachial plexus nerve block
Exparel (bupivicaine liposome injectable suspension) MAX DOSE
266 Mg (20 ml)
Exparel (bupivicaine liposome injectable suspension) pKa
8.1
Exparel (bupivicaine liposome injectable suspension) Elimination
Hep
Exparel (bupivicaine liposome injectable suspension) Mechanism of Action
Amide NA+ channel Blocker
Ropivicaine Duration Spinal
2-3.5 hours
Ropivicaine Duration Epidural
120-180 mins
Ropivicaine MAX DOSE mg/kg
200mg plain/ 250 MG/epi
Ropivicaine Max dose plain mg/kg
3mg/kg
Ropivicaine Max Dose with Epi mg/kg
3 mg/kg
Ropivicaine pKa
8.1
Ropivicaine Elimination
Hep
Ropivicaine Mechanism
Amide Na+ BHannel Blocker
Bupivicaine Duration Spinal
2-3 hours
Bupivicaine Duration Epidural
120-200 mins
Bupivicaine Max Dose
175mg plain 225 mg/epi
Bupivicaine Max Dose Plain mg/kg
2.5 mg/kg
Bupivicaine pKa
8.1
Bupivicaine Elimination
Hep
Bupivicaine Mechanism of Action
Amide Na+ Channel Blocker
Lidocaine Duration Spinal
60-70 mins
Lidocaine Max Dose
350 mg plain, 500mg/epi
Lidocaine Max Dose Plain mg/kg
4.5 mg/kg
Lidocaine pKa
7.9
Lidocaine Elimination
Hep
Lidocaine Mechanism of Action
Amide Na+ Channel Blocker
Ondansetron vial
2mg/ml
Ondansetron Dose
4 mg
Ondansetron Conc
-
Ondansetron Onset
<30 min
Ondansetron Peak
2 hrs
Ondansetron Duration
12 hours
Ondansetron T1/2 Beta
3.5 hours
Ondansetron Elimination
Hep
Ondansetron MOA
5HT antagonist
Decadron vial
4 mg/ml
Decadron Dose
4mg/ml
Decadron Conc
-
Decadron Onset
5 mins / 4-8 hours
Decadron Peak
6-12 hours
Decadron Duration
24-72 hours
Decadron T1/2B
3.5 - 4.5 hours
Decadron Elimination
Hep
Decadron MoA
Glucocorticoid
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) vial
1000mg /100ml
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) Dose
1000 mg over 15 mins
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) conc
10mg/ml
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) Onset
15 mins
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) Peak
1 hour
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) Duration
4-6 hours
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) T1/2B
2.4 hours
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) Elimination
Hep
Acetaminophen (Ofirmev) MoA
Central inhibition of prostiglandin synthesis
Vasopressin Vial
20 units/ml
Vasopressin Dose
0.2 units
Vasopressin Conc
0.2 units/ml
Vasopressin Onset
< 1 min
Vasopressin Peak
15 mins
Vasopressin Duration
20 mins
Vasopressin T1/2B
10-20 min
Vasopressin Elimination
Hep
Vasopressin Mix
20 units in 100 ml
Vasopressin MoA
Vasopressin Receptors
Esmolol vial
10 mg/ml
Esmolol dose
1ml TTE/10 mg
Esmolol Conc
10mg/ml
Esmolol Onset
2 min
Esmolol Peak
10 min
Esmolol Duration
10-30 min
Esmolol T1/2B
8-9 min
Esmolol Elimination
nonspecific blood & Tissue Esterases
Esmolol Mix
n/a
Esmolol MoA
Beta 1 Antagonist
Labetalol Vial
5mg/ml
Labetalol dose
1 ml TTE/ 5 mg
Labetalol Conc
5 mg/ml
Labetalol Onset
2-5 mins
Labetalol Peak
5-15 mins
Labetalol Duration
2-4 hours
Labetalol T1/2B
5 hours
Labetalol Elimination
Hep/Renal
Labetalol Mix
n/a
Labetalol MoA
Beta 1&2 and Alpha Antagonist (7:1)
Glycopyrrolate vial
0.2 mg/ml
Glycopyrrolate dose
0.1 - 0.2 mg
Glycopyrrolate Conc
0.2 mg/ml
Glycopyrrolate Onset
1 min
Glycopyrrolate Peak
5 min
Glycopyrrolate Duration
2-3 hours
Glycopyrrolate T1/2B
80 mins
Glycopyrrolate Elimination
Help/Renal
Glycopyrrolate Mix
0.2mg/ml
Glycopyrrolate MoA
Antimuscarinic
Atropine Vial
0.4 mg/ml or 1 mg/ml
Atropine Dose
0.5 - 1 mg
Atropine Conc
1 mg/ 2.5 ml
Atropine Onset
1 min
Atropine Peak
2-4 min
Atropine Duration
30-60 min
Atropine T1/2B
4 hours
Atropine Elimination
Hep
Atropine Mix
0.4 mg/ml
Atropine MoA
Antimuscarinic
Epinephrine vial
1 mg/ml
Epinephrine dose
1 ml TTE/ 10 mcg
Epinephrine Conc
10 mcg/ml
Epinephrine Onset
30-60 sec
Epinephrine Peak
< 3 min
Epinephrine Duration
5-10 min
Epinephrine T1/2B
2-4 min
Epinephrine Elimination
MAO/Hep
Epinephrine Mix
0.1 ml of 1:1000 in 10 ml NS
Epinephrine MoA
Direct Alpha & Beta Agonist
Ephedrine vial
50mg/ml
Ephedrine Dose
1 ML TTE/ 5 mg
Ephedrine Conc
5 mg/ml
Ephedrine Onset
< 1 min
Ephedrine Peak
2-5 min
Ephedrine Duration
10 min
Ephedrine T1/2B
3 hours
Ephedrine Elimination
Hep/Renal
Ephedrine Mix
50 mg in 9 ML
Ephedrine MoA
Direct and Indirect Alpha & Beta Agonist
Phenylephrine vial
10mg/ml
Phenylephrine Dose
1ml TTE/40 mcg
Phenylephrine Conc
40 mcg/ml
Phenylephrine Onset
< 1 min
Phenylephrine Peak
1 min
Phenylephrine Duration
5-10 min
Phenylephrine T1/2B
2 hours
Phenylephrine Elimination
Hep
Phenylephrine Mix
10 mg in 249 ml
Phenylephrine MoA
Alpha 1 agonist
Sugammadex vial
100mg/ml
Sugammadex Dose
2 mg/kg (2 twitches), 4 mg/kg (no twitches), 16mg/kg (3 mins after induction)
Sugammadex Onset
Fast
Sugammadex Peak
Fast
Sugammadex Duration
Depends on dose
Sugammadex T1/2B
120 min
Sugammadex Elimination
Renal
Sugammadex MoA
y-cyclodextrin complexes with Rocuronium and Vecuronium
Glycopyrrolate (reversal adjunct) vial
0.2mg/ml
Glycopyrrolate (reversal adjunct) Dose
0.2 mg per mg of neostigmine
Glycopyrrolate (reversal adjunct) Onset
1 min
Glycopyrrolate (reversal adjunct) Peak
5 min
Glycopyrrolate (reversal adjunct) Duration
2-3 hours
Glycopyrrolate (reversal adjunct) T1/2B
80 hours
Glycopyrrolate (reversal adjunct) Elimination
Hep/Renal
Glycopyrrolate (reversal adjunct) MoA
Anitmuscarinic
Neostigmine Vial
1mg/ml
Neostigmine Dose
0.02-0.07 mg/kg
Neostigmine Twitches dosing
2-3 twitches = 0.05 mg/kg, 4 twitches with fade= 0.04 mg/kg, 4 twitches with no fade = 0.015-0.025 mg/kg
Neostigmine Onset
1-5 min
Neostigmine Peak
5 min
Neostigmine Duration
60-120 min
Neostigmine T1/2B
60-120 min
Neostigmine Elmination
Hep/Plasma Cholinesterases
Neostigmine MoA
Anticholinesterase
Cisatracurium Vial
2 mg/ml
Cisatracurium Intub
0.1-0.2 mg/kg
Cisatracurium Maint
0.02 mg/kg
Cisatracurium Onset
2-3 min
Cisatracurium Peak
3-5 min
Cisatracurium Duration
30 min
Cisatracurium T1/2B
30 min
Cisatracurium Elimination
Hofmann
Cisatracurium MoA
Nicotinic M Antagonist (Nn, presynaptic)
Vecuronium Vial
1 mg/ml
Vecuronium intub
0.1 mg/kg
Vecuronium Maint
0.05 mg/kg
Vecuronium Onset
2-3 min
Vecuronium Peak
3-5 min
Vecuronium Duration
30 min
Vecuronium T1/2B
1-1.25 hours
Vecuronium Elimination
Renal/Hep
Vecuronium MoA
Nicotinic M Antagonist (Nn presynaptic)
Rocuronium Vial
10mg/ml
Rocuronium Intub
0.6-1.2 mg/kg (RSI=1.2 mg/kg)
Rocuronium Onset
60-120 secs (1 min RSI)
Rocuronium Peak
1-3 min (1 min RSI)
Rocuronium Duration
30-85 min
Rocuronium T1/2B
1.4 hours
Rocuronium Elimination
Renal/Hep
Rocuronium MoA
Nicotinic M Antagonist (Nn presynaptic)
Succinylcholine vial
20 mg/ml
Succinylcholine Intub
1 - 1.5 mg/kg (1.5 mg/kg with all defasciculation dose of NMB
Succinylcholine Onset
30-60 sec
Succinylcholine Peak
60 sec
Succinylcholine Duration
4-6 min
Succinylcholine T1/2B
1 min
Succinylcholine Defasciculate
Defasciculate with 10% ED95, usually we give 0.03 - 0.06 mg/kg of Roc; 3-5 min before intubating dose
Succinylcholine MoA
ACh agonist
Remifentanil vial
1 mg, 2mg, and 5 mg vials reconstitute powder in vial
Remifentanil Load Dose
0.5 - 1 mcg/kg/min or 1 mcg/kg over 30-60 seconds
Remifentanil Maint/hr
0.1-1.0 mcg/kg/min
Remifentanil Onset
1-2 min
Remifentanil Peak
3-6 min
Remifentanil Duration
3-10 mins
Remifentanil T1/2B
3- 10 mins
Remifentanil Elimination
nonspecific blood & tissue esterase
Remifentanil MoA
Mu opiod agonist
Morphine sulfate Vial
10 mg/ml
Morphine sulfate Load dose
2-10 mg/70 kg
Morphine sulfate Maint/Hr
0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg
Morphine sulfate Onset
5-14 min
Morphine sulfate peak
19 min
Morphine sulfate duration
2-4 hours
Morphine sulfate T1/2B
2 hours
Morphine sulfate Elimination
hep
Morphine sulfate MoA
Mu Opiod antagonist
Hydromorphone vial
1 mg/ml ; 2 mg/ml
Hydromorphone Load dose
0.5-2 mg
Hydromorphone Maint/Hr
n/a
Hydromorphone Onset
10-15 min
Hydromorphone Peak
10-20 min
Hydromorphone Duration
2-3 hours
Hydromorphone T1/2B
2-3 hours
Hydromorphone MoA
Hep
Hydromorphone Mix
dilute to 0.1 mg/ml
Morphine sulfate Mix
dilute to 1 mg/ml
Sufentanil vial
50 mcg/ml in 2 ml vial, dilute 100 mcg/8ml for 10 mcg/ml in 10 ml
Sufentanil Load dose
1-2 mcg/kg (case 1-2 hours), > 8 mcg/kg primary anesthetic
Sufentanil maint/hr
1 mcg/kg/hr of expected surgical time
Sufentanil Onset
immediate (1-3min)
Sufentanil Peak
2-3 min
Sufentanil Duration
30-60 min
Sufentanil T1/2B
2-3 hrs
Sufentanil Elimination
Hep
Sufentanil Mix
100mcg/8ml NS for 10 mcg/ml in 10 ml
Sufentanil MoA
Mu opiod agonist
Fentanyl Vial
50 mcg/ml
Fentanyl Load Dose
2-20 mcg/kg
Fentanyl Maint/Hr
1-2 mcg/kg
Fentanyl Onset
1-3 min
Fentanyl Peak
3-5 min
Fentanyl Duration
30-60 min
Fentanyl T1/2B
2-4 hours
Fentanyl Elimination
Hep/Pulm
Fentanyl MoA
Mu opiod agonist
Lidocaine (induction) dose
1-1.5 mg/kg
Lidocaine (induction) sedation
-
Lidocaine (induction) Onset
45-90 secs
Lidocaine (induction) Peak
1-2 min
Lidocaine (induction) Duration
10-20 min
Lidocaine (induction) T1/2B
1-2 hours
Lidocaine (induction) Elminination
Hep
Lidocaine (induction) MoA
Amide Na Channel Blocker
Dexmedotomidine vial
100 mcg/ml
Dexmedotomidine Dose
1 mcg/kg over 10 min
Dexmedotomidine sedation
0.2-0.7 mcg/kg/hr
Dexmedotomidine Onset
10-15 min
Dexmedotomidine Peak
infusion
Dexmedotomidine Duration
4 hours
Dexmedotomidine T1/2B
2 hours
Dexmedotomidine Elimination
Hep
Dexmedotomidine MoA
Alpha 2 Agonist
Midazolam vial
1 or 5 mg/ml
Midazolam dose
0.15-0.35 mg/kg
Midazolam Sedation
1-5 mg
Midazolam Onset
30-120 secs
Midazolam Peak
3-5 mins
Midazolam Duration
15-80 min
Midazolam T1/2B
1.5-3.5 hours
Midazolam Elimination
Hep
Midazolam MoA
BZ agonist on GABA
Ketamine vial
50 mg/ml
Ketamine dose
1-2 mg/kg
Ketamine sedation
0.2-0.8 mg/kg
Ketamine Onset
30-60 sec
Ketamine Peak
60 secs
Ketamine Duration
5-10 mins
Ketamine T1/2B
3 hours
Ketamine Elimination
Hep
Ketamine MoA
NMDA Antagonist
Etomidate vial
2mg/ml
Etomidate dose
0.2-0.3 mg/kg
Etomidate sedation
NO!!
Etomidate Onset
30-60 sec
Etomidate Peak
60 sec
Etomidate duration
4-8 mins
Etomidate T1/2B
3 hours
Etomidate Elimination
Hep
Etomidate MoA
GABA Agonist
Propofol vial
10mg/ml
Propofol dose
2-2.5 mg/kg
Propofol Sedation
25-75 mcg/kg/min
Propofol Onset
30-40 secs
Propofol peak
60 secs
Propofol duration
4-8 min
Propofol T1/2B
1-3 hours
Propofol Elimination
Hep/Pulm
Propofol MoA
GABA agonist
Bupivicaine Max dose Epi
3mg/kg
Lidocaine Duration Spinal
60-120 mins
lidocaine Max dose epi
7 mg/kg
Rocuronium Maint
0.15 mg/kg
Succinylcholine Elimination
plasma cholinesterase