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clinical prac 3 > drugs > Flashcards

drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Salbutamol indicators

A

Asthma, severe anaphylaxis, COPD

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2
Q

Salbutamol patho

A

Stimulates beta adrenergic cells to relax the smooth muscle and open up the airways

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3
Q

Ipratropium bromide indicators

A

Respiratory distress, bronchospasm, exacerbation of COPD

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4
Q

Ipratropium bromide patho

A

Causes bronchodilation by blocking cholinergic receptors, which causes a decrease in contraction of the smooth muscles

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5
Q

Dexamethasone indicators

A

Bronchospasm, moderate-severe croup, exacerbation of COPD, adult stridor

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6
Q

Dexamethasone patho

A

Relieves inflammatory reactions by suppressing mediators

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7
Q

Adrenaline indicators

A

Cardiac arrest, inadequate perfusion, bradycardia with poor perfusion, anaphylaxis, severe asthma, croup

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8
Q

Adrenaline contraindicators

A

Hypovolaemic shock

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9
Q

Adrenaline patho

A

Alpha and beta adrenergic stimulant which means it causes a sympathetic NS response including vasoconstriction and an increase in heart rate

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10
Q

GTN indicators

A

Chest pain with ACS, acute LVF, hypertension ACS, autonomic dysreflexia, preterm labour

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11
Q

GTN contraindicators

A
  1. Hypersensitivity
  2. Systolic BP <110 mmHg tablet
  3. Systolic BP <90 mmHg patch
  4. Sex performance drugs (viagra, levitra, cilias)
  5. Heart rate >150bpm
  6. Bradycardia <50bpm
  7. VT
  8. Inferior STEMI BP <160bpm
  9. Right ventricular MI
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12
Q

GTN patho

A

Causes dilation of the veins, causing pooling in the veins which reduces the amount of venous return to the heart. This reduces preload. Also causes dilation of the arteries, reducing arterial pressure and therefore afterload. Preload is the hearts opening and filling, afterload is the force of contraction

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13
Q

Aspirin indicators

A

ACS

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14
Q

Aspirin contraindicators

A

Hypersensitivity, active bleeding peptic ulcers, bleeding disorders, suspected dissecting aortic aneurysm, chest pain associated with psychostimulants

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15
Q

Aspirin patho

A

Anticoagulant, thins the blood and makes it less sticky. Prevents clots from growing bigger, minimises platelet formation.

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16
Q

Midazolam indicators

A
  1. Status epilepticus
  2. sedation to maintain intubation
  3. sedation to facilitate intubation
  4. sedation to facilitate synchronised cardioversion
  5. sedation to facilitate transthoracic pacing
    6 sedation in the agitated patient
  6. sedation in psychostimulant OD
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17
Q

Midazolam patho

A

CNS depressant, increases the release of GABA

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18
Q

Salbutamol presentation

A

5mg in 2.5mL

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19
Q

Ipratropium bromide presentation

A

250mcg in 1mL

20
Q

Dexamethasone presentation

A

8mg in 2mL

21
Q

Adrenaline presentation

A

1mg in 1mL, 1mg in 10mL

22
Q

GTN presentation

A

300mcg tablet, 600mcg tablet, 50mg patch

23
Q

Aspirin presentation

A

300mg tablet

24
Q

Midazolam presentation

A

5mg in 1mL ampoule

25
Q

Morphine indication

A

Pain relief, sedation to maintain intubation, sedation to facilitate intubation

26
Q

Morphine contrainidication

A

Hypersensitivity, renal impairment/failure, late second stage labour

27
Q

Morphine patho

A

CNS depressant, inhibits neurotransmitter release causing analgesia

28
Q

Fentanyl indication

A

Sedation to facilitate or maintain sedation, pain relief

29
Q

Fentanyl contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity, late second stage labour

30
Q

Fentanyl patho

A

CNS depressant, causing analgesia

31
Q

Morphine presentation

A

10mg in 1mL

32
Q

Fentanyl presentation

A

100mcg in 2mL

33
Q

Ondansetron indication

A

Nausea + vomiting

34
Q

Ondansetron contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity, long Q-T syndrome, low magnesium and potassium, co-current apomorphine use

35
Q

Ondansetron presentation

A

4mg tablet, 8mg in 4mL

36
Q

Prochlorperazine contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity, <21 years old, CNS depression, circulatory collapse, pregnancy

37
Q

Prochlorperazine presentation

A

12.5mg in 1mL

38
Q

Ceftriaxone contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics

39
Q

Ceftriaxone presentation

A

1g sterile powder in glass vile

40
Q

Naloxone presentation

A

0.4mg in 1mL ampoule

41
Q

Naloxone contraindication

A

None

42
Q

Paracetamol contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, <1month old, already admin is 4 hours, chest pain in ACS, max administered (4g in 24 hours)

43
Q

Paracetamol presentation

A

500mg tablets, 120mg in 5mL

44
Q

Normal saline presentation

A

500mL bag or 1000mL bag

45
Q

Dextrose 10% presentation

A

25g in 250mL soft pack

46
Q

Glucagon presentation

A

1 (IU) in 1mL hypokit

clinical prac 3 (9 decks)

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