Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Tamsulosin
A
Alpha blocker, used in BPH and renal stones, side effects postural hypotension, dizziness and syncope
2
Q
Finasteride
A
5-alpha reductase inhibitor, used in BPH
3
Q
Trimethoprim
A
Antifolate antibiotic, used in UTI, avoid in pregnancy
4
Q
Nitrofurantoin
A
Antibiotic, used in UTI
5
Q
Nifedipine
A
CCB, used in renal stones to help them pass
6
Q
Azithromycin
A
Macrolide antibiotic, used in urethritis - single dose
7
Q
Doxycycline
A
Tetracycline antibiotic, used in urethritis - 7 day course
8
Q
Furosemide
A
Loop diuretic, used in nephritic syndrome, pleural effusion due to congestive HF
9
Q
Prednisolone
A
Corticosteroid, used in nephritic syndrome, stage IV sarcoidosis, immune thrombocytopenia purpura, cluster headache prevention, GCA high dose, Addison’s, Mild/moderate UC or Crohn’s, refractory coeliac disease, SLE
10
Q
Mannitol
A
Osmotic diuretic, used in cerebral oedema, to reduce ICP in intracerebral haemorrhage/extradural haemorrhage
11
Q
Lactulose
A
Laxative, used in hepatic encephalopathy
12
Q
Dextrose
A
Used in hypoglycaemia
13
Q
IV thiamine
A
Vitamin B1, used in Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy
14
Q
Tenofovir
A
Anti-viral, used in hepatitis B
15
Q
Ribavirin
A
Nucleoside analogue, used in hepatitis C
16
Q
Sofusbuvir
A
Anti-viral, used in hepatitis C
17
Q
Loperamide
A
Anti-motility drug, used in infective diarrhoea
18
Q
Desferrioxamine
A
Iron chelator, used in haemochromatosis, beta thalassaemia major due to transfusions, alpha thalassaemia
19
Q
Penicillamine
A
Copper chelator, used in Wilson’s, SEs include skin rash, wall in WCC/Hb/Platelets, haematuria, renal damage
20
Q
Metformin
A
Used in T2DM
21
Q
Sitagliptin
A
DPP4i, used in T2DM
22
Q
Chlorthalidone
A
Thiazide diuretic, used in T2DM
23
Q
Gliclazide
A
Sulphonyurea, used in T2DM
24
Q
Canagliflozin
A
SGLT-2i, used in T2DM
25
Ipratropium
A SAMA, used in COPD and asthma
26
Salbutamol
A SABA, used in COPD and asthma, SEs include a fine tremor
27
Tiotropium
A LAMA, used in COPD
28
Formeterol
A LABA, used in COPD and asthma
29
Symbicort
An inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide and formeterol, used in COPD
30
Salmeterol
A LABA, used in asthma
31
Beclomethasone
An inhaled corticosteroid, used in asthma, SEs include oral candida and stunted growth in children
32
Montelukast
A leukotriene receptor antagonist, used in asthma
33
Apixaban
A DOAC, used in PE, AF, DVT
34
Urokinase
A thrombolytic agent, used in PE, DVT
35
Alteplase
A thrombolytic agent, used in ischaemic stroke, STEMI, PE
36
Streptokinase
A thrombolytic agent, used in MI, PE and thromboembolism
37
Rifampicin
AB that inhibits RNA synthesis, used in TB, SEs include red/orange discolouration of secretions
38
Isoniazid
AB that inhibits cell wall synthesis, used in TB, SEs include peripheral neuropathy
39
Pyranzimide
Antibiotic, used in TB, SEs include high uric acid levels
40
Ethambutol
Antibiotic, used in TB, SEs include colour blindness and reduced visual acuity
41
Amoxicillin
A penicillin, used in community acquired pneumonia, used in IE caused by group D streptococci, meningitis
42
Clarithromycin
A macrolide, used in community acquired pneumonia
43
Co-amoxiclav
Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, used in community acquired pneumonia
44
Pirfenidone
A pyridone, used in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
45
Nintedanib
A kinase inhibitor, used in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
46
GTN
Used in angina
47
Aspirin
Antiplatelet therapy, used in stable angina, unstable angina, STEMI, NSTEMI, PVD, pericarditis, ischaemic stroke, TIA, GCA low dose
48
Clopidogrel
Antiplatelet therapy, used in stable angina, STEMI patients receiving PCI, PVD, ischaemic stroke, TIA
49
Ticagrelor
Antiplatelet therapy, used in stable angina, unstable angina/NSTEMI if low GRACE score, STEMI if fibrinolysis
50
Propranolol
A beta blocker, used in stable angina, unstable angina, AF, migraine prophylaxis, hyperthyroidism
51
Amlodipine
A CCB, used in stable angina, first line for HTN if >55 or black
52
Fondaparinux
An anticoagulant, used in NSTEMI
53
Prasugrel
Antiplatelet therapy, used in unstable angina/NSTEMI if high GRACE score, STEMI patients receiving PCI
54
Atorvastatin
A statin, used to prevent ACSs
55
Digoxin
Used in HF, AF second line
56
Ramipril
An ACEi, used in HF, first line in HTN if <55 SEs include a cough
57
Bisoprolol
A beta blocker, used in HF
58
Spironolactone
A potassium sparing diuretic that inhibits aldosterone receptors in distal tubules, used in HF, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
59
Bendroflumethazide
A thiazide diuretic that inhibits sodium chloride transporters in the DCT, used in HTN, nephrogenic DI
60
Candesartan
An ARB, used in HTN
61
Benzylpenicillin
A penicillin, used in IE caused by Viridian's streptococci, meningitis if rash, encephalitis
62
Gentamicin
Used in IE caused by Viridian's streptococci if pathogen is less sensitive, IE caused by group D streptococci, meningitis
63
Flucoxacillin
A penicillin, used in IE caused by S. aureus
64
Vancomycin
A glycopeptide antibiotic, used in IE caused by MRSA, meningitis if S. pneumoniae suspected
65
Diltiazem
A rate-limiting CCB, used in AF
66
Verapamil
A rate-limiting CCB, used in AF
67
Flecainide
A pharmacological cardioversion drug, used in AF
68
Amiodarone
Anti-arrhythmia drug, used in atrial flutter, heart block
69
Atropine
Used in 3rd degree heart block
70
Isoprenaline
Used in acquired prolonged QT syndrome
71
Adenosine
Used in WPW syndrome after Vagal/Valsalva manoeuvre
72
Colchicine
Used in acute gout, pericarditis, pseudogout
73
Ferrous sulphate
Used in iron-deficiency anaemia, SEs include nausea, abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea/constipation, black stools
74
Hydroxycarbamide/hydroxyurea
Used in SCA
75
Ascorbic acid
Vitamin C, used in beta thalassaemia major
76
Dalteparin
A LMWH, used in DVT, HHS
77
Allopurinol
Used in ALL/AML to prevent tumour lysis syndrome, gout prevention
78
Imatinib
Inhibits tyrosine kinase, the enzyme made by Ph chromosome, used in CML
79
Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Used in CLL
80
ABVD
Drugs used in Hodgkin's lymphoma
81
Rituximab
A MA to CD20, used in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, TTP, rheumatoid arthritis
82
Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxy-daunorubcin, Oncovin (Vincristine), Prednisolone
CHOP regimen used in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
83
Zoledronate
A bisphosphonate, used in multiple myeloma
84
Primaquine
Used in malaria, SEs include haemolysis if G6PD deficiency
85
Chloroquine
Used in non-falciparum malaria
86
Quinine sulphate
Used in falciparum malaria
87
Quinine dihydrochloride
Used in severe falciparum disease
88
Artesunate/Quinine
Used in severe/complicated malaria, quinine can help with cramps in MND
89
Doxycycline
Used second line in severe/complicated malaria if artesunate isn't available
90
Desmopressin
Used in haemophilia A, vW disease, cranial DI
91
Tranexamic acid
Used for minor bleeds in vW disease
92
Combined oral contraceptive
Used to control menorrhagia in vW disease
93
Azathioprine
Used in immune thrombocytopenia purpura, Crohn's
94
Methylprednisolone
Used in TTP, shortens acute relapses in MS
95
Cefotaxime
Used in meningitis if no rash
96
Ceftriaxone
Used in CNS infection
97
Dexamethasone
Glucocorticoid, used in meningitis, start of spinal cord compression, amyloidosis
98
Acyclovir
Used in encephalitis, start within 30 mins
99
Nimodipine
Calcium antagonist, used in SAH
100
Carbamazepine
AED, used first line in focal/partial seizures
101
Lamotrigine
AED, used first line in focal/partial seizures, patients able to child bear, SEs include rash
102
Sodium valproate
AED, used in patients unable to child bear, SEs include nausea
103
Ethosuximide
AED, used in absence seizures if patient can child bear
104
Topiramate
AED, used in myoclonic seizures if patient can child bear, migraine prophylaxis
105
Levodopa
Dopamine precursor, used in Parkinson's
106
MAO-B inhibitors
Dopamine agonist, used in Parkinson's
107
COMT inhibitor
Used in Parkinson's to combat wear-off phenomenon
108
Amitriptyline
Tricyclic antidepressant, used in migraine prophylaxis, IBS
109
Sumatriptan
A triptan, used in acute migraine
110
Prochlorperazine
An anti-emetic, used in acute migraine
111
Verapamil
Used in cluster headache prevention
112
Dimethyl fumarate
Used in MS
113
Interferon beta
Used in MS
114
Fingolimod
Used in MS
115
Natalizumab
A MA against T cell receptors that allow immune cells to cross the blood brain barrier, used in MS
116
Riluzole
Used in AML
117
Hyosine
Helps excess salivation in MND
118
Ampicillin
Used in meningitis if listeria is suspected
119
Tocilizumab
A MA against IL-6 receptor, used in GCA
120
Pyridostigmine
An acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, used in MG
121
Methotrexate
Immune-system suppressant, used in MG, Crohn's, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis >6 months, SLE, SEs include gout
122
Pregabalin
Used for pain in peripheral neuropathy
123
Gabapentin
Used for pain in peripheral neuropathy
124
CCR5 antagonists
Inhibit entry of virus into cells, used in HIV
125
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Used in HIV
126
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors
Used in HIV
127
Tamoxifen
Oestrogen receptor modulator, used in breast cancer
128
Activated charcoal
Used for GI decontamination in paracetamol overdose
129
N-acetylcysteine
Used in paracetamol overdose, SEs include a rash
130
Chlordiazepoxide
Used in alcohol withdrawal
131
Flumezanil
Used to reverse benzodiazepine overdose
132
Naloxone
Used in opiate overdose
133
Melphalan
Chemo drug used in amyloidosis
134
Carbimazole
Anti-thyroid drug, used in hyperthyroidism, SEs include agranulocytosis
135
Levothyroxine
Synthetic T4, used in hypothyroidism, papillary thyroid cancer
136
Cabergoline
Dopamine agonist, used in acromegaly
137
Octreotide
Somatostatin analogue, used in acromegaly
138
Pegvisomant
GH receptor antagonist
139
Calcium gluconate
Protects myocardium, used in hyperkalaemia
140
Lansoprazole
A PPI, used in GORD
141
Ranitidine
A H2 receptor antagonist
142
Hydrocortisone
Used in severe UC or Crohn's
143
Ciclosporin
Used in severe UC
144
Sulfasalazine
A 5-ASA, used in mild/moderate UC, , psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis >6 months, SEs include haemolytic anaemia
145
Infliximab
Anti-TNF alpha antibody, used in severe UC, Crohn's, ankylosing spondylitis
146
Macrogol
A laxative, used in IBS-C
147
Loperamide
Used in IBS-D
148
Mebeverine
Used to manage colic/bloating in IBS
149
Clarithromycin/metronidazole + amoxicillin + omeprazole
Combination therapy, used to eradicate H. pylori in peptic ulcer disease
150
Metronidazole + cefuroxime
Combination therapy used in appendicitis, metronidazole used in diverticulitis
151
Ciprofloxacin
AB used in diverticulitis
152
Etanercept
Anti-TNF drug, used in ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis
153
Denosumab
A MA to RANK ligand, blocks activity of osteoclasts
154
Alendronate/Alendronic acid
Bisphosphonate, used in osteoporosis, SEs include oesophagitis
155
Hydroxychloraquine
Used in SLE
156
Cyclophosphamide
Used in SLE
157
Tramadol
Analgesia, used in fibromyalgia
158
Calcitriol
Used in osteomalacia if there's malabsorption
159
Alfacalcidol
Used in osteomalacia if there's renal disease
