Drug Trafficking Flashcards
Define D.T?
(Who?)
A global illicit trade involving the cultivation, manufacture, distribution and sale of substances which are subject to drug prohibition laws.
UNODC
4 examples of illicit drugs trafficked globally?
Cannabis
Cocaine
Amphetamines
Heroin
Estimated value of D.T Market?
(Who, Year?)
$320 Bln
UNODC, 2020
Way of addressing D.T with Direct Methods?
Interdiction
- The interception of illicit drugs before they reach local dealers and consumers
Way of addressing D.T with Indirect Methods?
Attacking the supply & demand for drugs
Way of addressing D.T with Alternative Methods?
Decriminalisation & Legalisation
What are the 5 stages of Drug Trafficking?
Cultivation
Production
Trafficking
distribution
Consumption
History of D.T?
(Dates in order)
- Early 20th century: Market began to grow
- 1960’s: Drug Trade too flight
- 1971: Nixon, declares War on Drugs
5 associated issues with Drug Trafficking?
Organised Crime
Economic Issues
Violence
Corruption
Money Laundering
What is the estimated profit and sales made of Cocaine in 2009?
(Who, Year?)
$84 Bln
Mainly generated in North America & West, Central Europe.
UNODC, 2011
Cocaine is grown in what region and what 3 countries grown it in %
(Who, year?)
Andean Region
- Peru (38%)
- Colombia (43%)
- Bolivia (19%)
UNODC, 2011
The United Nations held 3 major conventions for combating D.T, What are they?
(Years?)
- The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961)
- The Convention on Psychotropic substances (1971)
- The Convention against illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988)
name 4 countries that have come to decriminalise certain aspects of the drug trade?
(years?)
Netherlands, 1976
Portugal, 2001
Mexico, 2006
Colombia, ??
what have Portugal done with their form of decriminalisation of D.T?
- Possession & consumption for personal use became decriminalised
- Technically remain an administrative offence
- Offender would not be arrested
- Focus on REHABILITATION
What have Mexico done with decriminalisation of D.T?
- Law against small Drug Traffickers
- Decriminalises the possession of small amount of certain drugs
- Cultivation, production, trafficking and selling remain illegal
- Law has proven NON-SUCCESSFUL
what would legalisation of Drug Trafficking mean?
Means that all aspects of the drug trade become legal, apart from the violence that comes with it.
4 things that come with the legalisation of D.T?
- Criminal profits would plummet
- Drug prices would likely drop
- Violence would decrease
- Legalisation would have to be universal
What did the Single Convention of Narcotic Drugs (year?) introduce and bring.
(2 things)
Introduced a more prohibited ethos to the issue of drug control.
Useful when constructing a narrative of successful containment of the the world drug problem.
1961.
2 facts about the Convention on Psychotropic Substances (year?)
- 144 psychotropic substances are controlled.
- Adopted to limit the diversion and abuse of certain psychotropic substances, such as hallucinogens, which has resulted in public health and social problems in some countries.
1971
4 things that the Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (year?) provided?
- Provided comprehensive measures against drug trafficking.
- Provides International cooperation through, extraditions of drug traffickers, controlled deliveries, and transfer proceedings.
1988.
What is UNODC?
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
What is INCB?
International Narcotic Control Board
What is UNICRI?
United Nations Interregional Crime and justice Research Institute
What is UNESCO?
United Nations Educational Scientific and Culture Organisation
