drug therapy for nasal congestion and cough

Question 1

common respiratory disorders

Answer 1

common cold, sinusitis

Question 2

the common cold affects which part of the body

Answer 2

the upper respiratory tract: mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea

Question 3

common cold is what type of infection

Answer 3

viral infection

Question 4

common cold occurrences

Answer 4

2 to 4 times/year, normal for adults; up to 10 times/ year for schoolchildren

Question 5

how to viruses invade the body

Answer 5

via mucous membranes; can survive several hours on skin, hard surfaces

Question 6

antibiotics do not help which common upper respiratory disorder

Answer 6

common cold

Question 7

sinusitis affects which part of the body

Answer 7

upper respiratory

Question 8

sinusitis is what

Answer 8

inflammation of paranasal sinuses

Question 9

what happens in response to sinusitis is the paranasal sinuses

Answer 9

fluid and microbe movement via cilia impeded because of nasal swelling; impairment of movement results in infection

Question 10

what is the most common cause of sinusitis

Answer 10

rhinitis(runny nose); because blowing nose constantly, inflamed and irritated, fluid gets trapped

Question 11

what is rhinitis

Answer 11

running nose

Question 12

T or F. the common cold is caused by many types of bacteria

Answer 12

false; the common cold is caused by many types of VIRUSES (not bacteria)

Question 13

s/sx of common respiratory disorders

Answer 13

nasal congestion, cough (productive vs nonproductive), increased secretions

Question 14

nasal congestion happens when

Answer 14

the nasal passages become blocked and swollen from inflamed blood vessels

Question 15

cough is in response to

Answer 15

irritation or inflammation

Question 16

productive cough

Answer 16

produces mucus, more secretions

Question 17

nonproductive cough

Answer 17

dry cough, tickle in throat

Question 18

increased secretions from (run down throat into bronchi)

Answer 18

allergy, smoking, or after surgery if you have a tube down throat run down throat into bronchi

Question 19

example meds for nasal decongestants

Answer 19

psuedoephedrine(oral), oxymetazoline(spray), phenylephrine

Question 20

mechanism of action of nasal decongestants/ stimulate sympathetic nervous system

Answer 20

relieve nasal obstruction and discharge by producing vasoconstriction

Question 21

contraindications for nasal decongestants

Answer 21

severe HTN, CAD, narrow angle glaucoma, antidepressants(increase effect)

Question 22

nasal decongestants, USE WITH CAUTION

Answer 22

in cardiac dysrhythmias, hyperthyroidism, DM, prostatic hypertrophy, glaucoma

Question 23

nursing considerations for nasal decongestions

Answer 23

admin: may take with or with our food/ monitor for cardiac side effects/ do not crush (oral)

Question 24

patient teaching with nasal decongestants

Answer 24

encourage adequate fluid intake, humidification, avoid caffeine(because it already stimulate SNS), avoid accidental OD, avoid HTN, proper use of nasal spray, do not take longer than package recommendation

Question 25

why should you not take a medication longer than the package recommendation

Answer 25

spray: use only 3-5 days or else it will cause rebound congestion/ will make you more congested

Question 26

T or F. sympathomimetic drugs are used to relive nasal obstruction and discharge

Answer 26

true; sympathomimetic drugs are used to relive nasal obstruction and discharge. They relieve nasal congestion and swelling by mimicking the effects of the SNS (which reduces blood flow to nasal mucosa)

Question 27

examples of meds for antitussives (cough medicines)

Answer 27

dextromethorphan, benzonatate, codeine

Question 28

uses for antitussives

Answer 28

suppress dry, hacking, nonproductive cough

Question 29

centrally acting antitussives

Answer 29

narcotics and nonnarcotics/ act on whole body, taken orally

Question 30

locally acting antitussives

Answer 30

throat lozenges, cough drops

Question 31

nursing considerations for antitussives

Answer 31

if taken orally, NPO for 30 mins after liquid or cough drop/ some drug to drug interactions with antidepressants

Question 32

patient teaching for antitussives

Answer 32

encourage adequate fluid intake, humidification, do not take longer than 1 week, avoid accidental OD

Question 33

example meds for expectorants

Answer 33

guaifenesin

Question 34

uses of expectorants

Answer 34

liquify respiratory secretions/thin out, allowing for easier removal, use in productive cough

Question 35

nursing considerations for expectorants

Answer 35

do not crush or chew extended release tab

Question 36

patient teaching for expectorants

Answer 36

encourage adequate fluid intake, humidification, do not take longer than 1 week (without seeing MD), avoid accidental OD, encourage coughing and breathing/ give pt incentive spirometer; help expand lungs

Question 37

example meds of mucolytics (highest power expectorant)

Answer 37

acetylcysteine

Question 38

mechanism of action of mucolytics

Answer 38

liquify mucus in respiratory tract; administered by inhalation

Question 39

mechanism of action of mucolytics

Answer 39

liquify mucus in respiratory tract; administered by inhalation

Question 40

uses of mucolytics

Answer 40

clear airways in chronic lung disease, such as cystic fibrosis and severe asthma

Question 41

acetylcystein can be used as the antidote for

Answer 41

acetaminophen overdose

Question 42

nursing considerations for mucolytics

Answer 42

monitor airway clearance after administration, have suction equipment available, remove residue left form treatment from face with water, can be given via different routes depending on drug use(such as as an antidote)

Question 43

patient teaching for mucolytics

Answer 43

encourage adequate fluid intake and encourage coughing and deep breathing

Question 44

OTC cold medicines ex. Vicks NyQuil

Answer 44

many contain antihistamine, nasal decongestants and analgesic, some contain antitussive, expectorants. Be careful if you are taking multiple, possible OD

Question 45

a common mucolytic used to liquify mucus in the respiratory tract is?

Answer 45

Acetylcsteine

Question 46

cold remedies listed as “non drowsy” or labeled as “daytime” formulas do not contain?

Answer 46

A first generation antihistamine; a major side effect of early antihistamines is drowsiness

Question 47

the nurse caring for a patient with nasal congestion who is using the OTC decongestant oxymetazoline. The nurse counsels the patient that this medication should only be used for the time recommended on the package and no longer because excessive use may cause?

Answer 47

rebound nasal congestion