Drug Table Jeopardy

Question 1

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors limit luminal carbonic anhydrase at this portion of the nephron –> less activity of Na/H antiporter –> decreased HCO3 and Na+ reabsorption

Answer 1

Proximal tubule

Question 2

This diuretic class can cause increased K+ excretion and metabolic acidosis

Answer 2

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors

Question 3

This diuretic class carries a risk of pulmonary edema

Answer 3

Osmotic diuretic – (e.g. Mannitol, Glucose, Urea, Isorbide)

Question 4

Loop diuretics inhibit Cl- portion of Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in luminal membrane at this portion of the nephron

Answer 4

Medullary and cortical (proximal) thick ascending loop of Henle (talH)

Question 5

Osmotic diuretics increase osmolarity of tubular fluid by opposing water and sodium reabsorption at this portion of the nephron

Answer 5

Proximal tubule

Question 6

This diuretic class is useful in patients w/ renal insufficiency (GFR less than 30-40 [normal is 90+])

Answer 6

Loop-diuretics

Question 7

This/These diuretic class(es) have a positive (+) charge

Answer 7

Renal ENaC (epithelial Na+ channel) inhibitors

Question 8

This/These diuretic class(es) have a negative (-) charge

Answer 8

• -Loop Diuretics

- -Thiazide Diuretics

Question 9

This is the only drug (a diuretic/antiHTN) that does not require tubular lumen access

Answer 9

Spironolactone – K+ sparing diuretic, Aldosterone receptor competitive antagonist

Question 10

These classes of diuretics require salt intake restriction

Answer 10

• -Loop diuretics (Furosemide, Bumetanide, Torsemide, Ethacrynic acid)
• -Aldosterone receptor antagonist (Spironolactone)

Question 11

In addition to being used for HTN, chronic edema, idiopathic hypercalcemia (stones), and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, Clorthalidone is the only thiazide-like diuretic that cal be also used for these 2 purposes.

Answer 11

• -Reduces stroke risk

- -CHF events

Question 12

This diuretic class has a risk for hepatic encephalopathy, bone marrow depression, skin toxicity, and allergic reactions

Answer 12

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Question 13

Aminophylline is the only methylxanthine bronchodilator that works as a diuretic by decreasing HCO3 and Na+ reabsorption by working at this portion of the nephron

Answer 13

Proximal tubule

Question 14

This diuretic class has a lethal interaction w/ quinidine (causes V-tach–>V-fib)

Answer 14

• -Thiazide diuretic (- charge)

- -Thiazide-like diuretic

Question 15

This diuretic drug has the unique side effect risk of causing megaloblastic anemia in liver cirrhosis patients.

Answer 15

Triamterene – K+ sparing diuretic, renal ENaC inhibitor

Question 16

Conivaptan and Tolvaptan are aquaretic diuretics that work as vasopressin (ADH) receptor antagonists at the collecting duct. They are used to treat this:

Answer 16

Hyponatremia (SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH), CHF)

Question 17

Giving K+ sparing diuretics to patients in these 2 situations may cause hyperkalemia as a side effect

Answer 17

• -Patients w/ renal failure

- -Patients on ACE inhibitors

Question 18

Thiazide and Thiazide-like diuretics inhibit Cl+ portion of Na-Cl cotransporter in the luminal membrane at this portion of the nephron

Answer 18

Early distal tubule

Question 19

K+ sparing diuretics work at this portion of the nephron

Answer 19

Late distal tubule and collecting duct

Question 20

This class of antihypertensives has side effects including dry cough, angioedema, less renal autoregulation, and hypotension.

Answer 20

ACE inhibitors (endothelial ACE that converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2)