Drug Resistance Flashcards
Definition of Antibiotics
Medicines that kill or inhibit growth of bacterial to treat bacterial infections
True or false: Antibiotics cannot treat viral infections
True
What are the two ranges of bacteria that an antibiotic affects
Narrow spectrum antibiotics
Broad spectrum antibiotics
What do narrow spectrum antibiotics act on ?
Limited group of bacteria, either gram positive or gram negative
What do broad spectrum antibiotics act on
Both gram positive and gram negative
Define bacteriostatic
antibiotics that inhibit growth and reproduction of bacteria without killing them. allowing the immune system to eliminate them
Define Bactericidal
Kills bacteria directly.
How does bactericidal work
Disrupting DNA replication leading to bacterial cell death
What is gram positive and gram negative bacteria?
How bacteria is classified due to their cell wall structure and how they react to the gram stain test
What’s the role of Sulphonamides
To block biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate in bacteria which is needed for DNA synthesis in bacteria and human cells
What enzyme inhibitor is Sulphonamides
Reversible competitive
Are sulphonamides bacteriostatic or bactericidal
Bacteriostatic
True or false: Sulphonamides act as inhibitors by mimicking PABA
True
Define drug resistance
the ability of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, to withstand the effects of
medications that were previously effective in treating them
What are the causes of antibiotic resistance ?
Natural selection
Overuse/misuse of antibiotics
What are the implications of antibiotic resistance
Increased morbidity and mortality
Healthcare burden
How can antibiotic resistance be prevented and controlled
Research and development
Infection control measures
Antimicrobial stewardship
define Antimicrobial stewardship
The effort to optimize the use of antimicrobial medications
