Drug Reactions Flashcards
3 drugs that can cause coronary vasospasm
- cocaine
- sumatriptan
- ergot alkaloids
4 drugs that can cause cutaneous flushing
- vancomycin
- adenosine
- niacin
- Ca2+ channel blockers
Drugs that can can torsades de pointes
- class Ia (quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide)
- class III (sotalol, ifebutilide, dofebutilide)
- antipsychotics
- TCAs
- macrolide abxs
Drugs with negative chronotropic effects (decrease HR)
- b blockers
- non-dihydropyramidine Ca2+ channel blockers (verapamil, dilitazaem)
- cardiac glycosides (digoxin)
- amiodarone, sotalol (class III anti-arrhythmics)
- cholinergic agonists
Drugs that can cause hyperglycemia (beware with diabetic pts)
- Tacrolimus (FK508 binder -inhibits calcineurin –> decrease IL-2 transcription)
- Protease inhibitors (-navir)
- Niacin
- HCTZ
- Corticosteroids
Drugs that can cause hypothyroidism
- lithium
- amiodarone (can cause hyperthyroidism as well)
- sulfonamides
Drugs that cause agranulocytosis (7)
- ganciclovir
- clozapine
- carbamezepine
- colchicine
- methimazole
- propylthiouracil
- dapsone
Drugs that cause aplastic anemia (6)
- carbamazepine
- methimazole
- NSAIDs
- benzene
- chloramphenicol
- propylthiouracil
Drugs that cause direct Coombs positive hemolytic anemia
methyldopa
penicillin
Drugs that cause hemolysis if G6PD deficient
- isoniazid
- sulfonamides
- dapsone
- primaquine
- aspirin
- ibuprofen
- nitrofurantoin (damages bacterial DNA used in UTIs)
Drugs that can cause megaloblastic anemia
phenytoin
methotrexate
sulfa drugs
Drugs that can cause fat redistribution (2)
glucocorticoids
protease inhibitors
drugs that can cause gingival hyperplasia
phenytoin
Ca2+ channel blockers
cyclosporine
Drugs that can cause gout
pyrazinamide (for toxoplasmosis)
thiazides furosemide
niacin
cyclosporin
Drugs that can cause photosensitivity
sulfonamides
amiodarone
tetracyclines
5-FU
Drugs that can cause stevens johnson syndrome
anti-epileptic drugs esp lamotrigine
allopurinol
sulfa drugs
penicillin
Drugs that can cause seizures
isoniazid
bupropion
imipenem/cilistatin
enflurane
Drugs that can cause tardive dyskinesia
antipsychotics
metoclopramide
Drugs that can cause diapetes insipidis vs drugs that can cause SIADH.
Diabetes insipidus due to lithium, demeclocycline
SIADH due to carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRIs
Drugs that can cause pulmonary fibrosis
bleomycin
amiodarone
busulfan
methotrexate
Drugs that can cause disulfiram like rxns
metronidazole certain cephalosporins griseofulvin procarbazine 1st generation sulfonylureas
Drugs that can nephrotoxicity/otoxicity
aminoglycosides
vancomycin
loop
cisplatin (may respond to amifostine)
List the CYP450 inducers
“Chronic alcoholics Steal Phen-Phen and Never Refuse Greasy Carbs”
chronic alcoholism st johns worts phenytoin phenobarbital nevirapine (NNRTI) rifampin griseofulvin carbamazepine
List the CYP450 inhibitors
“AAA RACKS in GQ Magazine”
acute alcohol abuse ritonavir (protease inhibitor) amiodarone cimetidine, ciprofloxacin ketoconazole sulfonamides INH Grapefruit juice macrolides (except azithromycin)
Drugs that can cause hyperkalemia
- nonselective b blockers
- ACE inhibitors
- angiotensin II receptor blockers
- K+ sparing diuretics
- cardiac glycosides (digoxin)
- NSAIDs
