Drug of the Day

Question 1

Brand name for Tylenol

Answer 1

Acetaminophen/Paracetamol

Question 2

Brand name for Advil

Answer 2

Ibuprofen

Question 3

What type of drug is Tylenol

Answer 3

Analgesic, Antipyretic

Question 4

Term used for drugs used to reduce fever

Answer 4

Antipyretic

Question 5

Term used for drugs that relieve pain

Answer 5

Analgesic

Question 6

Company that makes tylenol

Answer 6

J & J

Question 7

Company that makes advil

Answer 7

Pfizer

Question 8

How is tylenol and advil administered

Answer 8

IV, orally

Question 9

Which drug (tylenol or advil) is better suited long-term?

Answer 9

Tylenol, because it is not NSAIDS

Question 10

Best medication for above head (tylenol/advil). Vice versa

Answer 10

*Tyenol for migranes and above neck
*Advil for mild/moderate pain below neck

Question 11

______ is combined with ______ to make _____

Answer 11

Tylenol is combined with hydrocodone to make vicodin

Question 12

Explain how acetaminophen and ibuprofen work together to reduce inflammation, pain, swelling, and fever

Answer 12

These drugs bind to COX1/2 enzyme. COX1/2 enzyme converts arachidonic acid into prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), which is then converted into various bioactive prostanoids, triggering pain, swelling, inflammation, and fever

Question 13

Is acetaminophen or ibuprofen a blood thinner

Answer 13

ibuprofen (advil)

Question 14

Which medication (acetaminophen/ibuprofen) prefers to bind to COX1 or COX2 enzyme

Answer 14

Acetaminophen: COX2 > COX1
Ibuprofen: COX1 =~ COX2

Question 15

Is COX1 or COX2 preferred

Answer 15

COX2, since COX1 affects the GI system

Question 16

Technical name for blood thinner

Answer 16

Antithrombotic

Question 17

Generic name for aspirin

Answer 17

Acetylsalicylic acid

Question 18

Aspirin drug type

Answer 18

Analgesic, Antipyretic, NSAIDS

Question 19

How does aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) affect platelet aggregation?

Answer 19

Aspirin blocks formation of thromboxane A2 (thromboxane A2 promotes platelet aggregation). Thus, Aspiring blocks platelet aggregation

Question 20

What important functional group does aspirin have

Answer 20

Ester group

Question 21

What reaction does aspirin undergo rapidly?

Answer 21

Hydrolysis

Question 22

How does aspirin differ from tylenol and advil

Answer 22

aspiring is an irreversible inhibitor of COX1 and 2 enzyme

Question 23

Aspirin undergoes hydrolysis to produce _____ and _____

Answer 23

salicylic acid and acetic acid

Question 24

What does aspirin do to a serine residue, and what implications does this have?

Answer 24

Aspirin acetylates the hydroxyl group of the serine, making the protein dead (non-functional)

Question 25

downstream effects of tylenol, advil, aspirin

Answer 25

* too much is always bad * breakdown products affect liver and kidney * mess with gastrointestinal tract + cardiovascular system

Question 26

Cocaine brand name

Answer 26

Numbrino

Question 27

Cocaine drug type

Answer 27

Illegal drug, stimulant, local anesthetic

Question 28

Cocaine manufacturer

Answer 28

Lannett Company

Question 29

How is cocaine administered?

Answer 29

Inhaled, applied topically to the mouth/nasal passage, dissolved then injected

Question 30

How does cocaine get to the brain?

Answer 30

* Bypass the BBB through nasal passages with lots of blood flow * uses carrier mediated transport (sometimes coupled with proton)

Question 31

How does cocaine work

Answer 31

* blocks dopamine receptors -> dopamine stays in the SYNAPSE -> magnifies normal effect *also blocks sodium ions action potentials *overactivate the brain

Question 32

How does cocaine addiction happen

Answer 32

1. Cocaine blocks receptors 2. Brain produces more dopamine receptors 3. More cocaine needed to block them 4. Addiction

Question 33

How does one die from cocaine

Answer 33

Receptors degrade over time -> addicts use the same amount of cocaine -> overstimulate -> die from overdose

Question 34

Similar controlled substances to cocaine

Answer 34

amphetamines (adderall, ritalin), dopamine/levodopa

Question 35

Prescription for ADHD

Answer 35

amphetamines (adderall, ritalin)

Question 36

What do amphetamines do

Answer 36

Increase neurotransmitter activities in the brain

Question 37

What happens in Parkinson's disease

Answer 37

Dopamine receptors in substantia nigra dies

Question 38

Fentanyl brand name

Answer 38

Actiq, Duragesic, Fentora

Question 39

Fentanyl drug type

Answer 39

Narcotic, Opioid, Analgesic, Sedative

Question 40

Fentanyl manufacturer

Answer 40

Teva pharmaceuticals, Cephalon, Janssen

Question 41

Fentanyl potency

Answer 41

Much higher (20~40x, 100x) than heroine or morphine

Question 42

When is fentanyl prescribed?

Answer 42

Prescribed for extreme, persistent, cancer or surgery pain

Question 43

How is fentanyl administered?

Answer 43

tablet transdermal patch mucosal injection (IV)

Question 44

How does narcan reverse fentanyl overdose? Any limitations?

Answer 44

Blocking opioid receptors. May dissolve quickly and unbind opioid receptors before fentanyl is cleared from the system

Question 45

Humira chemical name

Answer 45

Adalimumab

Question 46

Humira type, manufacturer

Answer 46

Monoclonal antibody, disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, Abbvie

Question 47

How does humira work?

Answer 47

Humira inactivates TNF-alpha, a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in immune response

Question 48

How is humira manufactured?

Answer 48

Phase display, recombinant DNA

Question 49

Should you freeze humira?

Answer 49

NO! Only refrigerate

Question 50

Prof Curley's favorite amino acid

Answer 50

Lysine

Question 51

mRNA-LNP (lipid nanoparticles) chemical name

Answer 51

Elasomeran

Question 52

Brand name for mRNA-LNP

Answer 52

Spikevax

Question 53

mRNA-LNP drug type

Answer 53

Vaccine (covid-19)

Question 54

Manufacturer of mRNA-LMP

Answer 54

Moderna (also Pfizer and BioNTech)

Question 55

3 components of mRNA-LNP

Answer 55

1. mRNA -> make protein 2. Lipid -> protect mRNA, helps enter the cell 3. Ionizable lipid -> attaches to mRNA backbone

Question 56

How does aggregation and adsorption affect ΔG?

Answer 56

They both reduce ΔG

Question 57

(T/F) Isoelectric points are most ideal

Answer 57

False. They must be avoided. Worst physical stability at pI

Question 58

5 formulation parts

Answer 58

1. Buffer 2. Excipients 3. Amino acid 4. Surfactants 5. Sugars