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Pharmacology Exam #2 > Drug Names Exam #2 > Flashcards

Drug Names Exam #2 Flashcards

1
Q

“-tidine”
Cimetidine
Famotidine
Nixatidine

A

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

treats ulcers, prevents ulcers related to stress or long-term NSAID use, treats GERD, treats Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, releives heartburn, acid indigestion, sour stomach

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2
Q

Carbonates
Sodium bicarbonate
Calcium bicarbonate

A

Antacids

treats hyperacidity

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3
Q

Salts
Magnesium salts
Aluminum Salts

A

Antacids

treats hyperacidity

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4
Q

“-prazole”
Omeprazole
Esomeprazole
Lansoprazole
Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

treats and prevents ulcers, treats GERD, treats Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

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5
Q

Sucralfate

A

GI Protectant
promotes ulcer healing

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6
Q

Misoprostol

A

Prostaglandin

prevents NSAID-caused gastric ulcers, used in pts at high risk of developing an ulcer

Category X

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7
Q

Saliva Substitute

A

Digestive Enzyme

relieves dry mouth caused by chemo, stroke, radiation

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8
Q

Pancrelipase

A

Digestive Enzyme

replaces pancreatic enzymes for pts with cystic fibrosis, pancreatic insufficiency, malabsorption syndrom

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9
Q

Bisocodyl
Castor Oil
Senna

A

Chemical Stimulants
Laxatives

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10
Q

Methylcellulose
Polycarbophil
Psyllium

A

Bulk Forming Laxatives

treats constipation

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11
Q

Magnesiums
Magnesium Sulfate
Magnesium Citrate
Magnesium hydroxide

A

Osmotic Laxatives

constipation, bowel cleanse before surgery

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12
Q
  • Lactulose
  • Polyethylene glycol
  • Sodium picosulfacte with magnesium oxide
A

Osmotic Laxatives

constipation, bowel cleanse before surgery

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13
Q

Docusate
Glycerin
Mineral Oil

A

Lubricants

stool softeners

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14
Q

Methylnaltrexone
Naldemedine
Naloxegol

A

Opioid Antagonists

relieves opioid induced constipation

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15
Q

Metoclopramide

A

Gastrointestinal Stimulant
AND
Nonphenothiazine

rapid movement of GI contents, diabetic gastroparesis, nausea & vomiting

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16
Q

Bismuth Subsalicylate
Loperamide

A

Antidiarrheal Drugs

acute or chronic diarrhea, reduction of discharge volume from ileostomies, prevention and treatment of traveler’s diarrhea

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17
Q

Prochlorperazine
Chlorpromazine
Perphenazine

A

Phenothiazines

nausea & vomiting

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18
Q

“-setron”
Oldansetron
Palonosetron
Granisetron

A

5-HT3 Receptor Blockers
(Serotonin Receptor Blockers)

nausea & vomiting

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19
Q

“-pitant”
Aprepitant
Rolapitant
Fosaprepitant

A

Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists

nausea & vomiting due to chemotherapy

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20
Q

Dronabinol
Nabilone

A

Cannabinoids

Nausea & vomiting r/t chemo, appetite stimulant

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21
Q

Hydroxyzine
Meclizine

A

Antihistamines as Antiemetics

nausea & vomiting, motion sickness

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22
Q

Scopolamine

A

Anticholinergic as Antiemetic

nausea & vomiting r/t motion sickness

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23
Q

Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine

A

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists
used to treat Alzheimer’s Disease

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24
Q

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Edrophonium

A

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists
Used to treat Myasthenia gravis

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25
Q

Buproprion
Nicotine
Varenicline

A

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists (Nicotinic)
(smoking cessation)

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26
Q

Bethanechol
Carbachol
Cevimeline
Pilocarpine

A

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists (Muscarinic)
(Bethanechol - urinary retention)
(Carbachol - induces miosis)
(Cevimeline & Pilocarpine - treat dry mouth)

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27
Q

Atropine

A

Anticholinergic Agent
(Antidote to cholinergic crisis)

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28
Q

Dicyclomine
Glycopyrrolate

A

Anticholinergic Agents
Treats GI issues
Treats ulcers, reduces secretions

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29
Q

Ipratropium
Tiotropium

A

Anticholinergic Agents
Treat lower respiratory, COPD, opens airways

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30
Q

Tolterodine
Oxybutynin Chloride

A

Anticholinergic Agents
Treats overactive bladder

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31
Q

Allopurinol
Colchicine

A

Antigout agents

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32
Q

Etanercept
Adalimumab
Infliximab

A

DMARDs: Tumor Necrosis Factor Blockers

(Adalimumab & Infliximab = monoclonal antibodies)

*(treat arthritis, psoriasis)

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33
Q

Auranofin

A

Gold Compound
(treats arthritis)

Au = Gold

34
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Antipyretic
Analgesic

35
Q

IbuPROfen
NaPROxen

A

NSAIDs
PROpionic Acids
(Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Analgesic)

36
Q

IndomethACin
KetolorAC

A

NSAIDs
ACetic Acids
(Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Analgesic)

37
Q

MelOXicam

A

NSAID
OXicam derivatives
(Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Analgesic)

38
Q

CeleCOXib

A

NSAID
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibitor
(Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Analgesic)

39
Q

Aspirin
MeSALamine

A

Salicylates
Antipyretic
Analgesic
Anti-inflammatory

40
Q

AdalimuMAB
CertolizuMAB
GolimuMAB
InflixiMAB

A

Monoclonal AntiBody
(immune suppressant: cancers, arthritis, crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, MS)

41
Q

ANaKINra

A

Interleukin Receptor Antagonist
(Immune suppressant: rheumatoid arthritis)

42
Q

Cyclosporine
Mycophenolate
Tacrolimus

A

T- and B-cell Suppressors
(Immune suppressants: heart, renal, & liver transplants, arthritis, various transplants)

43
Q

Apremilast

A

Immune Modulator/ Suppressant
(psoriatic arthritis)

44
Q

Filgrastim
Pelfilgrastim

A

Colony Stimulating Factors
(Increase neutrophils for neutropenia r/t bone marrow transplants and blood cancers)

45
Q

AldesleuKIN
OprelveKIN

A

Interleukins
(Immune stimulants: renal carcinomas, AIDS, increases platelets r/t thrombocytopenia from chemotherapy)

46
Q

Interferon alfa-2b

A

Interferons
(Immune stimulant: cancers, hepatitis B & C, MS)

47
Q

Cortisone
Fludrocortisone
Hydrocortisone
Prednisone
Prednisolone

A

Mineralocorticoids
(replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency, salt wasting adrenogenital syndrome)

48
Q

Betamethasone
Budesonide
Cortisone
Dexamethasone
Hydrocortisone
Methylprednisolone
Prednisolone
Prednisone

A

Glucocorticoids
(Inflammatory disorders, transplants, treatment of some cancers, cancer associated disorders, some forms of meningitis)

49
Q

“-pril”
Benazepril
Captopril
Enalapril
Lisinopril
Ramipril

A

ACE Inhibitors
(Hypertension, congestive heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, diabetic nephropathy)

50
Q

“-sartan”
Candesartan
Irbesartan
Losartan
Olmesartan
Telmisartan
Valsartan

A

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers: ARBs
(HTN, CHF, diabetic nephropathy prevention)

51
Q

Aliskiren

A

Renin Inhibitor
(HTN)

52
Q

“-dipine”
Amlodipine
Felodipine
Nifedipine

A

Calcium Channel Blockers: vascular selective (Dihydropyridine)

  • Hypertension
  • Prinzmetal’s angina, Chronic angina, effort-associated angina
53
Q

Hydralazine
Minoxidil
Nitroprusside
Nitroglycerin

A

Vasodilators
(Emergency: severe hypertension, refractory hypertension, hypertensive emergencies, malignancy hypertension)

54
Q

Chlorothiazide
Chlorthalidone
Hydrochlorothiazide
Spironolactone
Triamterene

A

Diuretics used for HTN

55
Q

“-olol”
Atenolol
Metoprolol
Propranolol

A

Beta Blockers
(HTN, angina, tachyarrhythmias, migraine headaches, MI, glaucoma, heart failure, hyperthyroidism)

56
Q

Phentolamine

A

Alpha-adrenergic blocker (Non-selective)
(Diagnose and manage episodes of pheochromocytoma, antidote to MAOIs)

57
Q

“-azosin”
Doxazosin
Prazosin
Terazosin

A

Alpha 1 Blockers
(HTN)

58
Q

Carvedilol
Labetalol

A

Alpha and Beta Blockers (Nonselective Adrenergic Blockers)
(HTN)

59
Q

Clonidine

A

Alpha 2 Agonist
(HTN)

60
Q

Dobutamine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

A

Vasopressors
(Hypotensive states: shock, heart failure; anaphylaxis, Bronchospasm, acute asthma)

61
Q

Aspirin
Clopidogrel
Ticagrelor

A

Antiplatelet Agents
(CV diseases prone to clogged vessels, to keep surgical grafts open/patent, prevent CVAs, adjunct to thrombolytic therapy after MI and to prevent another MI)

62
Q

Heparin
Warfarin
“-xaban”
Rivaroxaban
Apixaban
Dabigatran

A

Anticoagulant Agents
(prevent new clot formation, prevent existing clots from getting bigger, genetic disorders)

63
Q

Dalteparin
Enoxaparin

A

Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
(prevention of clots and emboli formation after certain surgeries/bed rest)

64
Q

“-teplase”
Alteplase
Reteplase
Tenecteplase

A

Thrombolytic Agents
(Clot busters - acute MI, pulmonary emboli, ischemic stroke)

65
Q

Pentoxifylline

A

Hemorrheologic Agent
(treatment of intermittent claudication)

66
Q

“Factor”

A

Antihemophilic Agents
(prevent blood loss from injury or surgery; treat bleeding disorders)

67
Q

Aminocaproic Acid
absorbable gelatin
collagen
fibrin
thrombin

A

Hemostatic Agents
(treat hyperfibrinolysis: prevents clot breakdown to prevent blood loss)

68
Q

Verapamil
Diltiazem

A

Calcium Channel blockers: coronary selective (Nondyhydropyridine)
* Hypertension
* Prinzmetal’s angina, chronic angina, effort associated angina

  • Class IV antiarrhythmics (rapid afib, atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia)
69
Q

Procainamide
Quinidine

A

Class I Antiarrhythmics
Subclass Ia
(tachycardia, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia, symptomatic paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias)

70
Q

Lidocaine

A

Class I Antiarrhythmics
Subclass Ib
(tachycardia, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia, symptomatic paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias)

71
Q

Flecainide
Propafenone

A

Class I Antiarrhythmics
Subclass Ic
(tachycardia, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia, symptomatic paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias)

72
Q

Acebutolol
Esmolol
Propranolol

A

Class II Antiarrhythmics:
Beta Blockers
(rapid afib, atrial flutter, paroxysmal SVT, PVCs, ventricular tachycardia)

73
Q

Digoxin

A

Class II Antiarrhythmic:
works on autonomic nervous system
(rapid afib, atrial flutter, paroxysmal SVT, PVCs, ventricular tachycardia)

Cardiac Glycoside
(treatment of HF)

74
Q

Adenosine

A

Class II Antiarrhythmic:
work on autonomic nervous system
(rapid afib, atrial flutter, paroxysmal SVT, PVCs, ventricular tachycardia)

75
Q

Sotalol
Amiodarone
Dofetilide

A

Class III Antiarrhythmics
(life threatening ventricular arrhythmias, maintenance of sinus rhythm after conversion of atrial arrhythmias)

76
Q

Milrinone

A

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
(Short term treatment of acute HF in pts unresponsive to digoxin, diuretics, or vasodilators…. severe situations)

77
Q

Ivabradine

A

Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel Blockers
AKA:
HCN Blockers
(reduce the risk of hospitilization for worsening HF)

78
Q

Sacubitril/Valsartan

A

Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor
AKA
ARNI
(reduces the risk of CV death and hospitalization in adults with chronic HF; treatment of symptomatic HF with left ventricular systolic dysfunction in pediatric patients >1 year old)

79
Q

Isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide mononitrate
Nitroglycerin

A

Nitrates
(prevention and treatment of attacks of angina pectoris)

80
Q

Atenolol
Metoprolol
Propranolol
Nadolol

A

Beta Blockers used for angina pectoris
(long term management of angina caused by atherosclerosis, used with nitrates to increase exercise tolerance, prevent reinfarction in stable patients 1-4 weeks after MI)

Pharmacology Exam #2 (14 decks)

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