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Pharmacology I Exam #2 > Drug Names > Flashcards

Drug Names Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four classes of Beta-Lactam anitbiotics? What do these inhibit?

A

Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis (ICWS)

  1. Penicillins
  2. Cephalosporins
  3. Monobactams
  4. Carbapenems
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2
Q

What are the other three classes of ICWS (NOT Beta-Lactam anitbiotics)? How is each administered?

A
  • Vancomycin (IM, oral)
  • Fosfomycin (oral)
  • Bacitracin (topical)
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3
Q

What are the two important Natural Penicillins?

A
  • Penicillin G

- Penicillin V

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4
Q

What are the three important Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins?

A
  • Nafcillin
  • Dicloxacillin
  • Oxacillin
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5
Q

What are the two Extended Spectrum Penicillins?

A
  • Ampicillin

- Amoxicillin

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6
Q

What are the two Antipseudomonal Penicillins?

A
  • Piperacillin

- Ticarcillin

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7
Q

What is the primary toxicity concern with Pencillins?

A

Allergy

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8
Q

What are the two first generation Cephalosporins?

A
  • Cefazolin

- Cephalexin

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9
Q

What is the brand name for Cefazolin? How is it administered?

A

Cefazolin = Ancef
- IM, IV

First generation Cephalosporins

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10
Q

What is the brand name for Cephalexin? How is it administered?

A

Cephalexin = Keflex
- Oral

First generation Cephalosporins

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11
Q

What are the three second generation Cephalosporins?

A
  • Cefuroxime
  • Cefaclor
  • Cefprozil
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12
Q

What is the brand name for Cefuroxime? How is it administered?

A

Cefuroxime = Zinacef
- IM, IV

Second generation Cephalosporins

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13
Q

What is the brand name for Cefaclor? How is it administered?

A

Cefaclor = Ceclor
- Oral

Second generation Cephalosporins

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14
Q

What is the brand name for Cefprozil? How is it administered?

A

Cefprozil = Cefzil
- Oral

Second generation Cephalosporins

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15
Q

What are the four third generation Cephalosporins?

A
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Cefixime
  • Cefotaxime Sodium
  • Ceftazadime
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16
Q

What is the brand name for Ceftriaxone? How is it administered?

A

Ceftriaxone = Rocephin
- IM, IV

Third generation Cephalosporins

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17
Q

What is the brand name for Cefixime? How is it administered?

A

Cefixime = Suprax
- Oral

Third generation Cephalosporins

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18
Q

What is the brand name for Cefotaxime Sodium? How is it administered?

A

Cefotaxime Sodium = Claforan
- IM, IV

Third generation Cephalosporins

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19
Q

What is the brand name for Ceftazadime? How is it administered?

A

Ceftazadime = Fortaz
- IM, IV

Third generation Cephalosporins

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20
Q

What is the one fourth generation Cephalosporins?

A

Cefepime

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21
Q

What is the brand name for Cefepime? How is it administered?

A

Cefepime = Maxipime
- IV

Fourth generation Cephalosporins

22
Q

What is the one fifth generation Cephalosporins?

A

Ceftaroline

23
Q

What is the brand name for Ceftaroline? How is it administered?

A

Ceftaroline = Teflaro
- IV

Fifth generation Cephalosporins

24
Q

What is the one Monobactam antibiotic? What does this inhibit?

A

Aztreonam

ICWS

25
Q

What is the brand name for Aztreonam? How is it administered?

A

Aztreonam = Azactam
- IM, inhalation

Monobactam antibiotic

26
Q

What are the two important Carbapenem antibiotics? What do these inhibit?

A
  • Imipinem; Cilastatin
  • Meropenem

ICWS

27
Q

What is the brand name for Imipinem; Cilastatin? How is it administered?

A

Imipinem; Cilastatin
- IV

Carbapenem antibiotic

28
Q

What is the brand name for Meropenem? How is it administered?

A

Meropenem = Merrem
- IV

Carbapenem antibiotic

29
Q

What do Cephalosporins inhibit?

A

ICWS

30
Q

What are the three Macrolides? How is each administered? What do these inhibit?

A
  • Erythromycin (oral, IV)
  • Azithromycin (oral, IV)
  • Clarithromycin (oral)

IPS

31
Q

What is the one important Ketolides? What does this inhibit?

A

Telithromycin (Ketek)

IPS

32
Q

What are the two Streptogramins? How should they be used? What do these inhibit?

A
  • Dalfopristin
  • Quinupristin

ALWAYS USE TOGETHER (Synercid)

IPS

33
Q

What is the one Oxazolidinones? What does this inhibit?

A

Linezolid

IPS

34
Q

Which two drug classes inhibit 30s ribosomal subunits? What type of functional inhibition is this?

A

IPS by inhibiting 30s ribosomal subunits

  • Aminoglycosides
  • Tetracyclines
35
Q

What are the five Aminoglycosides? How is each administered?

A
  • Streptomycin (IM, IV)
  • Gentamycin (IM, IV, topical)
  • Tobramycin (IM, IV, topical)
  • Amikacin (IM, IV)
  • Neomycin (oral, topical)
36
Q

What are the three Broad Spectrum Antibiotics that IPS?

A
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Tetracyclines
  • Glycylcyclines
37
Q

What are the three Tetracyclines? How is each administered? What do they inhibit?

A
  • Doxycycline (oral)
  • Tetracycline (oral, topical)
  • Minocycline (oral)

IPS via inhibition of 30s ribosomal subunit

38
Q

What is the one Glycylcyclines? How is it administered?

A

Tigecycline (IV)

39
Q

What are the six Fluoroquinolones? What do they inhibit?

A
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Ofloxacin
  • Levofloxacin
  • Moxifloxacin
  • Gatifloxacin
  • Gemifloxacin

Inhibit DNA gyrase (inhibit DNA replication)

40
Q

What is the brand name for Ciprofloxacin?

A

Ciprofloxacin = Cipro

Fluoroquinolones

41
Q

What is the brand name for Ofloxacin?

A

Ofloxacin = Floxin

Fluoroquinolones

42
Q

What is the brand name for Levofloxacin?

A

Levofloxacin = Levaquin

Fluoroquinolones

43
Q

What are the two exclusive UTI antibiotics? How is each administered?

A
  • Nitrofurantoin (oral)

- Methenamine (oral)

44
Q

What is the brand name for Nitrofurantoin?

A

Nitrofurantoin = Furadantin

Exclusive UTI antibiotic

45
Q

What are the three Sulfonamides? What do these inhibit?

A
  • Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim
  • Sulfasalazine
  • Silver Sulfadiazine

Inhibit PABA

46
Q

What is the brand name for Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim? What is another name for this drug?

A

Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim = Bactrim = Co-trimoxazole

Sulfonamides

47
Q

What does Clindamycin inhibit? How is it administered?

A

IPS

- Oral, parenteral, topical

48
Q

What is the MOA for Daptomycin?

A

Binds to cell membrane and causes a rapid depolarization of membrane potential
- Loss of MP leads to inhibition of protein, DNA and RNA synthesis = cell death

49
Q

What does Mupirocin inhibit?

A

Inhibits protein and RNA synthesis

50
Q

What is the brand name for Mupirocin? How is it administered?

A

Mupirocin = Bactroban

- IV

51
Q

What are the two Polypeptide antibiotics?

A
  • Polymyxin B

- Colistin

52
Q

What is the MOA for Polypeptide antibiotics?

A

Binds to cell membrane phospholipids (lipid A of endotoxin)

- Polypeptide antibiotics are Polymyxin B and Colistin

Pharmacology I Exam #2 (5 decks)

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