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TPN, syringe drivers, Lab Results > Drug MoA > Flashcards

Drug MoA Flashcards

1
Q

Clopidogrel

A

P2Y12 inhibitor - prevents ADP binding and activating GPIIb and IIIa complex

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2
Q

Aspirin

A

COX-1 inhibitor - inhibits TXA2 preventing thrombosis

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3
Q

Apixaban, rivaroxaban

A

Direct Xa inhibitor. Prevents prothrombin conversion to thrombin. Thrombin catalyses fibrinogen to fibrin clot

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4
Q

Dabigatran

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor. Thrombin catalyses fibrinogen to fibrin clot

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5
Q

Fondaparinux, LMWH

A

Indirect Xa inhibitor

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6
Q

Abciximab

A

GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor. Prevents platelet aggregation - binding of fibrinogen, vWf

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7
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor (prevents production of tetrahydrofolic acid). Essential in thymidine pathway inhibiting DNA synthesis

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8
Q

Methotrexate

A

Competitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase - DNA, RNA synthesis inhibited

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9
Q

Sulfasalazine

A

Unclear - immunosuppressive, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory. Appears to inhibit the cystine-glutamate antiporter

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10
Q

Lithium

A

Decrease NE release
Inhibit dopamine and /NMDA (glutamate)
Increase serotonin synthesis
Increase GABA (inhibitory neurotransmitter)

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11
Q

Trazodone

A

blockade 5-HT2A receptor. Increasing dose antagonises H1 and Alpha-1-receptors

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12
Q

Olanzapine

A

Combination of dopamine and 5-HT2 antagonism

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13
Q

Donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine

A

Cholinesterase Inhibitors - enhance cholinergic transmission

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14
Q

Memantine

A

NMDA antagonist (reduce glutamate reducing destruction of brain cells)

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15
Q

Cetirizine

A

metabolite of hydroxyzine

H1 inhibitor

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16
Q

Cinacalcet

A

reduce PTH decreasing serum calcium

17
Q

Cinnarizine

A

inhibits contraction of vascular smooth muscle through blockade of L-type and T-type Ca channels.
D2, H1 and mACH receptors

18
Q

Ropinirole

A

non-ergot-derived dopamine receptor antagonist

parkinsons

19
Q

allopurinol

A

purine analogue. Xanthine oxidase inhibitor.
Reducing uric acid formation in gout
(also possibly purine synthesis)

20
Q

colchicine

A

binds to tubulins preventing microtubule formation.
Anti-mitotic.
In gout, binds to neutrophils preventing migration to uric acid crystals

21
Q

Sodium Valproate, lamotrigine, carrbamazepine

A

blocking voltage-dependent sodium-channel conductance. It has been found to inhibit depolarization of the glutaminergic presynaptic membrane, thus inhibiting release of glutamate

22
Q

ethosuximide

A

Bock LVA Ca channels

23
Q

phenobarbital

A

GABA increases flow of chloride ions into neuron decreasing excitability of post-synaptic neuron

24
Q

BZD

A

enhance GABA action

25
Q

mechanism of epileptic seizures

A

Excitatory effect inward Na and Ca currents

Inhibition effect inward Cl outward K and GABA

26
Q

Flecanide and class

A

Class IC
Blocks sodium channel, slowing the upstroke of the cardiac action potential.
The greatest effect is on the His-Purkinje system and ventricular myocardium.

27
Q

Amiodarone and class

A 
class III 
Blocks potassium channel
Prolongs phase 3 of the cardiac action potential, the repolarization phase where there is normally decreased calcium permeability and increased potassium permeability.
28
Q

lidocaine

A 
class IB
Slowing activation of action potential through Na channel
29
Q

Disopyramide

A

Increase sodium permeability of cardiac myocyte

30
Q

Where are pacemaker cells found

A

Sino-atrial node within wall of right atrium.

SA nodal pacemaker activity normally governs the rhythm of the atria and ventricles

31
Q

B-Blockers

A

1, cardiac B1 blockade - decrease HR, CF and CO

  1. Suppress reflex tachycardia caused by vasodilators
  2. B1 JGA blockade - decrease renin release - decrease RAAS mediated vasoconstriction
  3. long term - decreased peripheral vascular resistance
32
Q

ACE

A
  1. Block ACE preventing Angiotensin II which reduces afterload on heart
  2. Reduces intra-glomerular pressure
  3. Reduces aldosterone promoting Na and H20 excretion. Reduce preload - beneficial in HF.
33
Q

ARB

A

Block AT1 receptor (Ang II)

  1. Inhibit ANS and kidney
  2. Reduces CO and TPvR
  3. Kidney TPvR and fluid volume
34
Q

Methylphenidate

A

Binds the DA transporter preventing the reuptake of DA

35
Q

Theophylline

A

Methylxanthine - PDE4 inhibitor
Adenosine blocker
histone deacetylase inhibitor

36
Q

LAMA SAMA

A

block muscarinic effects of acetylcholine action

TPN, syringe drivers, Lab Results (13 decks)

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