Drug/DOC (prim use)/prim adverse effects Flashcards
Heparin
Ind: IV anticoagulation
PAE: bleeding
Enoxaprin
Ind: DVT/PE prophylaxis in pregnancy
Warfarin
DOC:Chronic DVT/PE prophylaxis
Cat X in prenancy
Plavix
Ind: platelet inhibhition in stenting
t-PA
clot busting-DVT, PE
Aminocaproic acid
DOC: reverse t-PA
PAE: thrombosis
Aspirin
DOC: primary MI prevention
PAE: irreversibly binds PGs
Bile resins
SAFEST HYPERLIPIDEMIA med
no effect on triglycerides, increases VLDL
Niacin
MOST EFFECTIVE AGENT for increasing HDL
decreases VLDL & decreases LDL
Statins
DOC: most effective at decreaseing LDL
PAE: liver damage, rhabdomylolysis
Fibrates
Ind: most effective at decreasing triglycerides
PAE: decreases LDL, gemfibrizol blocks statins
Zetia
Ind: decrease LDL, synergistic with statins
no AEs
Quinidine
Ind: Acute & chronic supraventricular & ventricular arrhythmia
PAE: syncope, wide QT-I, cinchonism
Lidocaine
DOC: acute ventricular arrhythmia
IV only
Flecainamide
LAST DITCH ANTI-ARRYTHMIC
strongly pro-arrhythmic
Amiodarone
DOC: CHRONIC ventricular arrhythmia (stable V tach)
Verapamil
high heart effects w/low vessel effect
DO NOT MIX W/B-BLOCKERS
Dilatezem
moderate heart & vessel effects-PSVT
Adenosine
DOC: acute PVST, WPW
PAE: flushing
Magensium
DOC: Torsades de Pointes
Potassium
DOC: Digoxin toxicity
Acetolamide
alkalinzation of urine
hyperuricemia
Dorzolamide
closed angle gluacoma
Brinzolamide
a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with no mentioned DOC or PAE on this nice beginning dropbox chart
Furosemide
Ind:MOST EFFECTIVE DIURETIC-CHF, edema, hypercalcemia, PE (w/morphine)
PAEs: sulfonamide rxn, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia, hyperuricemia
Ethacrinic acid
NONSULFAMIDE loop
highest risk of OTOTOXICITY
Thiazides
DOC: HTN; vasodilation due to PG synthesis
PAEs: decreases insulin secretion, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, hypomagnesemia, elevated serum lipids (except indapamide)
Metolazone
sim to thiazides, used in LOW GFR pts (t, except metolazone]
Indapamide
thiazide for ppl w/renal problems
metabolized by liver, excreted in bile
DOSEN”T INCREASE PLASMA LIPIDS
Spironolactetone
[competitive inhibitor of aldosterone]
Ind: HYPERALDOSTERONISM
can use w/pts on thiazides instead of supplementing K
caution w/ARB/ACE-I, hyperkalemia
Amiloride
DOC: Li-induced diabetes insipidus
NO hyperuricemia, NOT AN ACID (Amiloride and Trimatrene are the only NONACIDS)
Osmotics-mannitol
diuresis in AKD, decrease IOP, decrease ICP
Desmopressin
central diabetes insipidus
Conivaptan
Euvolemic/hypervolemic hyponatremia
Lithium
Hyponatremia
Demeclocycline
SIADH
Digoxin
CHF/HTN
decreases notmal tone via NaKATPase dec. HR, inc.CO, inc. contractility, increases BP
incCO=inc baroreflex-dec. SNS=vasodilation
PAE: bigemini, toxicity (GI early), blue vision, norrow therapeutic range
Toxicity: inc Ca & dec. K
Dopamine
end stage CHF-beta1 specific
decreased filling, increased oxygen consumption
ACE-I (-prils)
ARBs (-sartans)
DOC: HTN & CHF (decreases mortality), increase diuretic effectiveness
PAEs: ACE-I=cough
hyperkalemia
alpha blocker (-zosins)
BPH
PAE: first dose phenomenon
Esmolol
short acting cardioselective beta blocker
Clonidine
HTN
NOT for MONOTHERAPY
Methyldopa
HTN in pregnancy
hemolytic anemia w/ (+) combs
Labetolol
HTN emergencies w/o reflex tachycardia
hepatotoxic
Hydralazine_isosorbide dinitrate
Best HTN in African americans
PAE: HIP drug
Sodium nitroprusside
IV HTN emergencies
PAE: cyanide buildup & toxicity
Minoxidil
chronic HTN
hair growth
Fenoldopam
HTN emergencies via renal vasculature
Dihydropyridines
CCDs-vasodilation w/less heart effect
DO NOT USE IN CHF
Nefidiine
high vessel effect w/low heart effect
PAE: gingival hyperplasia
Diltiazem
moderate heart & vessel effects-PSVT
Verapamil
High heart effects w/low vessel effect
PAE: constipation
Nitrates+CCBs
DOC Prinzmetals
Nitrates
DOC Acute Angina
PAD: tolerance
