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Flashcards > Drug Classifications > Flashcards

Drug Classifications Flashcards

1
Q

ACE inhibitor

A

Inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, i.e. relaxation of blood vessels occur.

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2
Q

Aminoglycoside

A

Used to treat serious infections by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis by binding to ribosomal subunits. After initial dose, dosage is adjusted according to plasma concentrations of the individual patient.

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3
Q

Analgesic

A

Used to relieve to relieve pain. Suppresses pain without rendering the patient unconscious.

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4
Q

Anesthetic

A

Reduces or eliminates pain; General anesthetic renders the patient unconscious; local anesthetic affects pain in the particular location; topical anesthetic is a local anesthetic that affects a sensation in the area they are applied.

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5
Q

Anorexiant

A

Used to decrease appetite

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6
Q

Antacid

A

Neutralizes excess gastric acid

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7
Q

Antihelmintic

A

Eradicates intestinal worms

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8
Q

Antiacne

A

Controls acne vulgaris

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9
Q

Antianginal

A

Dilates blood vessels; used to treat angina pectoris, pain in the chest.

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10
Q

Antianxiety

A

Used in the treatment of anxiety disorder, which do not require excessive sedation.

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11
Q

Antiarrhythmic

A

Drugs used to treat irregular heart rhythm. Depresses the action of the heart to combat irregularities in its rhythm.

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12
Q

Antiarthritic

A

Reduces inflammation of joints.

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13
Q

Antibacterial

A

Destructive to or preventing the growth of bacteria. Kills bacteria (topical).

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14
Q

Antibiotic

A

Drugs use destroy microorganisms. Kills bacteria and prevents infection.

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15
Q

Anticholesterol

A

Lowers cholesterol levels.

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16
Q

Anticholinergic

A

Drugs that are antagonistic to the action of parasympathetic or other cholinergic nerve fibers.

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17
Q

Anticoagulant

A

Used to prevent blood clot formation. Slows clotting of blood; for treatment of thrombosis or embolism or for storage of collected blood.

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18
Q

Anticonvulsant

A

Prevents or arrests seizures.

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19
Q

Antidepressant

A

Agent in treating depression. Classified as SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Specific Reuptake Inhibitors), TCAs (Tricyclic Antidepressants), or MAOIs (Monamine Oxidase Inhibitors); elevates mood.

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20
Q

Antidiabetic

A

Used to treat diabetes.

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21
Q

Antidiarrheal

A

Used to treat diarrhea

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22
Q

Antidiuretic

A

reduces volume of urine production.

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23
Q

Antidote

A

Neutralizes a poison or counteracts its effects.

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24
Q

Antiemetic

A

Drugs that treat the urge to vomit.

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25
Q

Antiepileptic

A

Prevents epileptic seizures.

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26
Q

Antiflatulent

A

Reduces gastrointestinal gas.

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27
Q

Antifungal

A

Destroys fungi or inhibit growth. Eradicates or suppresses fungi.

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28
Q

Antigout

A

Drugs used in the treatment of the inflammatory joint condition, Gout.

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29
Q

Antihemophilic

A

Use for the treatment of hemophilia; allows blood to clot.

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30
Q

Antihistamine

A

Drugs that respond to the release of histamine that occurs with an implicated anaphylactic reaction or allergic reaction. For treatment of allergies.

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31
Q

Antihyperlipidemic

A

Drugs used to lower high levels of cholesterol.

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32
Q

Antihypertensive

A

Used to reduce sustained elevation of blood pressure.

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33
Q

Anti-infective.

A

Used to treat disease produced by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and parasites. Kills microorganisms and sterilizes wounds

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34
Q

Anti-inflammatory

A

Reduces inflammation.

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35
Q

Antimigraine

A

Used to treat migraine headaches. For treatment of migraine headaches.

36
Q

Antineoplastic

A

Attacks and destroys malignant cells

37
Q

Anti-Parkinson’s

A

Used to treat Parkinson’s disease.

38
Q

Antiplatelet

A

Used to prevent clotting.

39
Q

Antiprotozoal

A

Destroys protozoa.

40
Q

Antipruritic

A

Suppresses pitching.

41
Q

Antipsychotic

A

Reduces symptoms of hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders. Their primary indication is schizophrenia. Reduces the effects of psychotic disorders.

42
Q

Antipyretic

A

Reduces fever.

43
Q

Antiretroviral

A

Attacks any virus of the family Retroviridae.

44
Q

Antispasmodic

A

Prevents or alleviates muscle spasms (cramps); quiets spasms. Reduces spasms.

45
Q

Antitubercular

A

Used to treat tuberculosis. Fights tuberculosis.

46
Q

Antitussive

A

Suppresses coughing.

47
Q

Antivertigo

A

Used to treat dizziness (Vertigo).

48
Q

Antiviral

A

Interferes with the virus replication; weakening or abolishing its action. Kills or suppresses viruses, or prevents viral infections.

49
Q

Anxiolytic

A

reduces anxiety

50
Q

Astringent

A

causes contraction locally after topical application

51
Q

Barbiturate

A

Type of sedative.

52
Q

Benzodiazepine

A

CNS depressing agents with the potential for abuse and/or dependence.

53
Q

Beta blocker

A

Beta blocker blocks response to beta stimulation, which results in the decrease in heart rate, myocardial contractility, blood pressure, and myocardial oxygen demand.

54
Q

Bronchodilator

A

Act to relieve bronchospasm (narrowing the bronchi, accompanied by wheezing and coughing) or “asthma attack”. Expands the bronchial passages; for treatment of asthma.

55
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

Prevents the movement of calcium ions through voltage gated calcium channels. They relax coronary artery smooth muscles and are used to control fast ventricular rate in patients with arterial flutter an arterial fibrillation. Blocks flow of calcium ions to the heart for treatment of angina pectoris, arrhythmia, and hypertension.

56
Q

Cardiac glycoside

A

Used to moderate heart failure.

57
Q

Cephalosporin

A

Inhibits cell wall formation in bacteria (cell wall synthesis).

58
Q

Corticosteroid

A

Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates the body’s ability to handle stress, resist infections, affect glucose, that, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism and maintain salt and water balance. Relieves inflammation and manages autoimmune diseases.

59
Q

Decongestant

A

Used to cause mucous membrane vasoconstriction, production of nasal passage drainage, and relief of stuffiness

60
Q

Diuretic

A

Decreases blood pressure by decreasing blood volume by increasing the elimination of salt and water through urination. Increases production of urine.

61
Q

Emetic

A

Causes vomiting.

62
Q

Expectorant

A

Increases the production of respiratory secretions and decreases irritation caused by dryness in the airways. Increases secretions of the respiratory tract and lowers their viscosity.

63
Q

Fluoroquinolone

A

Inhibits DNA coiling and replication in bacteria causing DNA breakage and cell death.

64
Q

Gastrointestinal (GI) agents

A

Used to treat disorders in the stomach and/or intestines i.e. Ulcer, reflux, etc.

65
Q

G.I. stimulant

A

Used to increase the speed of gastric emptying and reduce esophageal sphincter pressure.

66
Q

H2 antihistamine

A

Affects the cells of the gastrointestinal tract.

67
Q

Histamine

A

Evokes the symptoms more commonly known as the allergic reaction: red watery eyes, sneezing, hives, rash and bronchial constriction. Gastric mucosal cells also cause secretion of histamine.

68
Q

Hormone

A

Chemical substance, formed in a tissue for organ and carried in the blood, stimulates or inhibits the growth of functions of one or more other tissues or organs.

69
Q

Hypnotic

A

Causes sleep.

70
Q

Macrolide

A

Bacteriostatic agents used primarily to treat pulmonary infections caused by Legionella and gram–positive organisms.

71
Q

Muscle relaxant

A

Causes skeletal muscle relaxation; used to reduce muscle spasms. Inhibits muscle contractions.

72
Q

Narcotic

A

Often addictive; relieves pain and induces sleep; Includes opium and its derivatives.

73
Q

Narcotic analgesic

A

Used to relieve severe pain; have a high abuse potential.

74
Q

Nasal decongestant

A

Constricts vessels in nasal passages.

75
Q

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)

A

Used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory action and used for mild to moderate pain.

76
Q

Opiate

A

Narcotic derived or related to opium.

77
Q

Parasiticide

A

Destroys parasites in the skin.

78
Q

Pediculicide

A

Kills lice.

79
Q

Penicillin

A

Derived from the mold Penicillium chrysogenum and kills bacteria by preventing them from forming a rigid wall needed for survival (cell wall synthesis).

80
Q

Radiopharmaceutical

A

Contains radioactive isotope; for diagnosis or for therapy.

81
Q

Scabicide

A

Destroys skin mites and their eggs.

82
Q

Sedative

A

Depresses the central nervous system (CNS), causing relaxation.

83
Q

Tetracycline

A

Broad – spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to ribosome.

84
Q

Tranquilizer

A

Reduces anxiety or disturbance.

85
Q

Vaccine

A

Introduces an antigen into the body to stimulate the production of antibodies for protection against disease-causing microorganism.

86
Q

Vasoconstrictor

A

Narrows vessels and increases blood pressure.

87
Q

Vasodilator

A

Expands vessels and lowers blood pressure.

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