Drug Classification & Actions

Question 1

Opioids (e.g., morphine, oxycodone)

Answer 1

Binds to opioid receptors to relieve pain

Question 2

NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen)

Answer 2

inhibits prostaglandin production to reduce pain and inflammation

Question 3

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Answer 3

Reduces pain and fever but not inflammation

Question 4

Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam, lorazepam)

Answer 4

Enhances GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid) to reduce anxiety

Question 5

SSRIs (e.g., fluoxetine, sertraline)

Answer 5

Increase serotonin to stabilize mood

Question 6

Typical (First-Gen) (e.g., haloperidol)

Answer 6

Block dopamine receptors to reduce hallucinations

Question 7

Atypical (e.g., risperidone, olanzapine)

Answer 7

Act on dopamine and serotonin for fewer side effects

Question 8

Phenytoin, valproic acid carbamazepine

Answer 8

Stabilize nerve impulses

Question 9

Beta-Blockers (e.g., metoprolol, atenolol)

Answer 9

Slow heart rate

Question 10

ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril, enalapril)

Answer 10

Relax blood vessels

Question 11

Calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine, verapamil)

Answer 11

Prevent calcium from entering the heart muscle

Question 12

Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide)

Answer 12

Work on kidneys to increase urine output

Question 13

Thiazide diuretics (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide)

Answer 13

Lower blood pressure by removing fluid

Question 14

Warfarin, heparin, rivaroxaban

Answer 14

Inhibit clot formation

Question 15

Insulin (e.g., rapid-acting: lispro; long-acting: glargine)

Answer 15

Lowers blood sugar

Question 16

Metformin (First-line for Type 2 Diabetes)

Answer 16

Reduces glucose production in the liver

Question 17

Levothyroxine (Hypothyroidism)

Answer 17

Replaces thyroid hormone

Question 18

Methimazole, propylthiouracil (PTU) (Hyperthyroidism)

Answer 18

Block thyroid hormone production

Question 19

Penicillins (e.g., amoxicillin)

Answer 19

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

Question 20

Cephalosporins (e.g., ceftriaxone)

Answer 20

Broad-spectrum alternative to penicillins

Question 21

Macrolides (e.g., azithromycin)

Answer 21

Block bacterial protein synthesis

Question 22

Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin)

Answer 22

Inhibit bacterial DNA replication

Question 23

Tetracyclines (e.g., doxycycline)

Answer 23

Prevent bacterial protein production