Drug classes Flashcards
Abacavir
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
(Anti-HIV)
Abatacept
Antibody + Selective costimulation immunomodulator
Abemaciclib
Anticancer
(CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor)
Abiraterone acetate
Anticancer
Androgen/testosterone biosynthesis inhibitor
Abrocitinib
JAK1 inhibitor
Acalabrutinib
Anticancer
Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Acamprosate calcium
Sulfonic acid used in alcohol dependence
Acebutolol
Beta-blocker
Acarbose
Antidiabetic
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
Aceclofenac
NSAID
Acenocoumarol
Anticoagulant
Vitamin K antagonist
Acetazolamide
Diuretic
Carbonic anyhydrase inhibitor
Acetylcholine chloride
Parasympatomimetic
Acetylcysteine
Mucolytic
Aciclovir
Antiviral
(Herpes simplex, Herpes zoster (shingles) + Varicella zoster (chickenpox))
Acitretin
Retinoid
Aclidinium bromide
Bronchodilator
Anticholingeric /antimuscarinic
Acrivastine
Brand name: Benadryl
Antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist)
Adalimumab
MaB
anti-TNF alpha
Adapalene
Topical retinoid
Adefovir dipivoxil
Antiviral (Hepatitis B)
Reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Adefovir (nucleotide analogue) prodrug
Adenosine
Organic: Nucleoside (RNA)
Pharmacological: Antiarrythmatic/antidysrhythmics
Adrenaline/epinephrine
Organic: hormone and neurotransmitter
Pharmacological: Alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist (sympathomimetic agent) + bronchodilator
Afatinib
Anticancer
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Aflibercept
Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) antagonist
+
Placental Growth factor (PIGF) antagonist
Agomelatine
Melatonin receptor agonist + selective serotonin-receptor antagonist
Albendazole
Broad-spectrum anti-protozoal
(Benzimidazole)
Alclometasone dipropionate
Corticosteroid (moderate)
Aldesleukin
Anticancer
Recombinant IL2 analogue / cytokine
Alectinib
Anticancer
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Alemtuzumab
Anti-CD52 antibody
Alendronic acid
Bisphosphonate
Alfacalcidol
Vitamin D analogue
Alfentanil
Synthetic short-acting opioid analgesic
Alfuzosin hydrochloride
Alpha-blocker
Alginic acid
Antacid
Alimemazine tartrate
Tricyclic antihistamine / phenothiazine
Alirocumab
PCSK9 inhibiting MAb
Aliskiren
Antihypertensive
Renin inhibitor
Alitretinoin
Retinoid
Allopurinol
Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Almotriptan
Anti-migraine triptan
Selective serotonin receptor agonist
Alogliptin
Antidiabetic
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor
Alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E
Alprazolam
Brand name: Xanax
Benzodiazepine
Alprostadil
Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) analogue (potent vasodilator used for erectile dysfunction)
Alteplase
Thrombolytic agent
Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA)
Aluminium chloride hexahydrate
Topical antiperspirant
Alverine citrate
Anti-spasmodic (gut and womb)
Amantadine hydrochloride
Antidyskinetic medicine (used in Parkinson’s)
Weak dopamine agonist
Ambrisentan
Pulmonary anti-hypertensive
Selective type A endothelin receptor antagonist
Amikacin
Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Amiloride hydrochloride
Diuretic (potassium-sparing)
Aminophylline
Bronchodilator
Aminosalicylic acid
Anti-tuberculosis bacteriostatic antibiotic
Amiodarone hydrochloride
Anti-arrythmatic
Amisulpride
Anti-emetic
Selective dopamine receptor antagonist
Amitriptyline hydrochloride
Tricyclic antidepressant
Amivantamab
Bi-specific monoclonal antibody for non-small cell lung cancer
Amlodipine
Antihypertensive
Calcium channel blocker
Amorolfine
Morpholine antifungal
Amoxicillin
Pernicillin (+ beta-lactam) antibiotic
Amphotericin B
Polyene antifungal
Ampicillin
Penicillin antibiotic
Anagrelide
Platelet-reducing agent
Anakinra
IL-1 inhibitor
Anastrozole
Anti-cancer (breast)
Nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor
Andexanet alfa
DOAC (rivaroxaban and apixaban) reversal agent
Recombinant factor Xa
Anidulafungin
Echinocandin antifungal
Antazoline
Imidazoline
1st gen antihistamine with anticholinergic activity
Apalutamide
Anticancer
Androgen/testosterone receptor inhibitor
Apixaban
DOAC
Factor Xa inhibitor
Apomorphine hydrochloride
Dopamine agonist
(anti-Parkinsons)
Apraclonidine
Alpha-2-adrenergic agonist (eye drops from increased intra-ocular pressure)
Apremilast
Immunomodulatory/immunosuppressant
Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitor
Aprepitant
Antiemetic
NK1 antagonist
Aripiprazole
Atypical (2nd gen) antipsychotic
Artemether
Antimalarial
Ascorbic acid
Vitamin C
Asenapine
Atypical (2nd gen) antipsychotic
Aspirin
NSAID and anti-platelet
Atazanavir
Antiretroviral (protease inhibitor) for HIV
Atenolol
Beta-blocker
Atogepant
Anti-migraine agent
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist
Atomoxetine
Anti-depressant
SNRI
Atorvastatin
Statin
Atovaquone
Anti-protozoal for pneumonicystis pneumonia
(+ anti-malarial when used with proguanil)
Atropine sulfate
Anticholinergic/antimuscarinic
Avanafil
Prostaglandin E5 (PGE5) analogue (for erectile dysfunction)
Avatrombopag
Platelet production enhancer
Thrombopoietin receptor agonist
Avelumab
Immunotherapeutic and anticancer monoclonal antibody
Axitinib
Anticancer tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Azacitidine
Anticancer/chemotherapy drug
Demethylation agent
Azathioprine
Immunosuppressant/immunomodulator
Azelaic acid
Topical dicarboxylic acid for acne (kills bacteria)
Azelastine
Antihistamine
Azilsartan medoxomil
Antihypertensive
ARB
Azithromycin
Macrolide antibiotic
Aztreonam
Monobactam (monocyclic beta lactam) antibiotic
Baclofen
Anti-spasmodic (skeletal muscle relaxant)
Baloxavir marboxil
Antiviral (influenza)
Polymerase acidic endonuclease inhibitor
Balsalazide
Aminosalicylate for IBD and UC
Baricitinib
DMARD
(JAK inhibitor)
Basiliximab
IL-2 receptor antagonist monoclonal antibody
Beclometasone
Corticosteroid
Belantamab mafodotin
Antineoplastic/chemotherapeutic antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)
Belimumab
B-lymphocyte stimulator-specific inhibitor monoclonal antibody
Belumosudil
Serine/threonine kinase inhibitor
Bemiparin
LMWH
Bempedoic acid
LDL-cholesterol lowering agent
Adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor
Bendroflumethiazide
Thiazide diuretic
Benperidol
Typical (1st gen) antipsychotic
Benralizumab
Il-5 inhibitor monoclonal antibody
Benzalkonium chloride
Cationic surfactant (anti-dandruff agent)
Benzathine benzylpenicillin
Penicillin (beta-lactam) bactericidal antibiotic
Benzoyl peroxide
Topical antibiotic (acne)
Benzydamine hydrochloride
NSAID mouthspray for local anaesthetic effect
Benzyl benzoate
Topical scabicide
Betamethasone
Long-acting orticosteroid
Betaxolol
BVeta-blocker
Bethanechol chloride
Parasympathomimetic and cholinergic muscarinic agonist
Bevacizumab
Antiangiogenic monoclonal antibody
Bexarotene
Anticancer drug and retinoid
Bezafibrate
LDL-cholesterol lowering drug
Bezlotoxumab
Human monoclonal antitoxin antibody against C. diff toxin B
Bicalutamide
Anti-androgen/testosterone
Bilastine
Non-sedating antihistamine
Bimatoprost
Prostaglandin analogue as eye drops (decrease intraocular pressure)
Bimekizumab
Humanised monoclonal antibody
Binimetinib
Anticancer kinase inhibitor
Bisacodyl
Stimulant laxative
Bismuth subsalicylate
Anti-diarrhoeal and antacid agent
Bisoprolol
Beta-blocker
Bivalirudin
Thrombin inhibitor
Bosentan
Pulmonary arterial antihypertensive
Endothelin receptor antagonist
Brimonidine
Alpha2-adrenergic agonist as eye drops (reduce intra-ocular pressure) or topical (facial erythema in rosacea)
Brinzolamide
Carbonic anyhdrase inhibitor as eye drops (reduce intra-ocular pressure)
Brivaracetam
Anticonvulsant
Brodalumab
IL-17A inhibitor recombinant human monoclonal antibody
Bromocriptine
Dopamine agonist (for Parkinsons, pituitary tumours, hyperprolactinaemia, NMS)
Budesonide
Corticosteroid
Bulevirtide
Sodium-bile acid co-transporter inhibitor (for chronic Hep D infection)
Bumetanide
Loop diuretic
Bupivacaine
Amino-amide local anaesthetic
Buprenorphine
Opioid partial agonist-antagonist
Bupropion
Antidepressant
Noradrenaline and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
Buserelin
Luteinising hormone (LH) blocker
Buspirone
Anxiolytics
Cabazitaxel
Chemotherapy
Cabergoline
Dopamine receptor agonist (for Parkinsons, hyperprolactinaemia)
Cabotegravir
Antiretroviral for HIV
Calcifediol monohydrate
Calcitriol
Calcipotriol
Topical synthetic vitamin D3 derivative
Calcitriol
Calcitriol
Calcium carbonate
Calcium supplement
+
Antacid
+
Phosphate binder
Calcium acetate
Phosphate binder (for hyperphosphatemia in CKD)
Calcium polystyrene sulfonate
Ion exchange resin (for hyperkalaemia in CKD)
Canagliflozin
Anti-diabetic
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor
Candesartan
Antihypertensive
ARB
Cangrelor
Anticoagulant
P2Y12 platelet receptor antagonist
Captopril
Antihypertensive
ACE inhibitor
Carbamazepine
Anticonvulsant
Carbimazole
Imidazole antithyroid agent
Carbocisteine
Mucolytic
Carboplatin
Anticancer/chemotherapy
Alkylating agent
Carboprost
Prostaglandin analogue
Cariprazine
Atypical (2nd gen) antipsychotic
Carvedilol
Beta-blocker
+
Alpha-1 blocker
Caspofungin
Echinocandins antifungal
Cefaclor
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Cefadroxil
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Cefalexin
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Cefazolin
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Cefepime
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Cefiderocol
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Cefixime
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Ceftazidime
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Ceftriaxone
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Cefuroxime
Cephalosporin (beta-lactam) antibiotic
Celecoxib
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor
Celiprolol
Beta-blocker
Cenobamate
Anticonvulsant
Certolizumab pegol
PEGylated anti-TNF monoclonal antibody
Cetirizine
Non-drowsy antihistamine
Cetuximab
Targeted anticancer monoclonal antibody (EGFR inhibitor)
Activated charcoal
Emergency treatment for rapid elimination of poisons
Chloral hydrate
Hypnotic and sedative (for insomnia)
Chloramphenicol
Potent broad-spectrum antibiotic
Chlordiazepoxide
Long-acting benzodiazepine (used for alcohol withdrawal)
Chlorhexidine
Broad spectrum antimicrobial
Chloroprocaine
Ester local anaesthetic
Chloroquine
Antimalarial (amebicide)
Chlorphenamine
Drowsy/sedating antihistamine
Chlorpromazine
Typical (1st gen) antipsychotic
Chlortalidone
Thiazide-like diuretic
Ciclesonide
Inhaled corticosteroid
Ciclosporin
Immunosuppressant
(Calcineurin inhibitor)
Cidofovir
Antiviral
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA polymerase inhibitor
Cimetidine
Histamine H2 antagonist
Cinacalcet
Calcimimetic (for hyperparathyroidism)
Cinchocaine
Local anaesthetic
Cinnarizine
Antiemetic
Antihistamine
Ciprofibrate
Fibrate (for hyperlipidaemia)
Ciprofloxacin
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
Cisatracurium
Skeletal muscle relaxant (to facilitate tracheal intubation)
Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking drug (NMBD)
Cisplatin
Anticancer/chemotherapy
Alkylating agent
Citalopram
SSRI
Cladribine
Cytotoxic nucleoside analogue (used in cancers and MS)
Clarithromycin
Macrolide antibiotic
Clindamycin
Lincosamide antibiotic
Clobazam
Benzodiazepine
Clobetasol propionate
Topical corticosteroids
Clobetasone butyrate
Topical corticosteroid
Clofazimine
Riminophenazine antimycobacterial
Clomethiazole
Sedative hypnotic/GABAA-mimetic (alcohol withdrawal, agitation, insomnia)
Clomifene citrate
Selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
Clomipramine hydrochloride
Tricyclic antidepressant
Clonazepam
Benzodiazepine
Clonidine hydrochloride
Antihypertensive
Alpha2 adrenergic-agonist
Clopidogrel
Antiplatelet
P2Y12 inhibitor
Clotrimazole
Azole antifungal
Imidazole
Clozapine
Antipsychotic (2nd gen)
Cobicistat
Pharmacokinetic enhancer
CYP3A inhibitor used in conjunction with HIV antivirals to increase their exposure
Codeine
Opioid analgesic
Colchicine
Anti-gout
Colecalciferol
Vitamin D3 analogue
Colesevelam hydrochloride
Bile acid-binding resin for hypercholesteremia
Colestipol hydrochloride
Bile acid-binding resin for hypercholesteremia
Colestyramine
Bile acid-binding resin for hypercholesteremia
Crotamiton
Topical antiparasitic (scabies)
Cyanocobalamin
Vitamin B12
Cyclizine
Antihistamine antiemetic
Cyclophosphamide
Anticancer chemotherapy
Alkylating agent
Cycloserine
Broad-spectrum antibiotic for TB
Cyproheptadine hydrochloride
Antihistamine
Cyproterone acetate
Steroidal antiandrogen
Cytisinicline
NRT
Nicotine-receptor partial agonist
Dabigatran
Anticoagulant/DOAC
Direct thrombin inhibitor
Dalbavancin
Glycopeptide antibiotic
Dalteparin
Anticoagulant (LMWH)
Danaparoid
Anticoagulant and antithrombotic (heparinoid)
Dantrolene
Skeletal muscle relaxant
Dapagliflozin
Antidiabetic
SGLT2 inhibitor
Dapsone
Sulphone antibiotic
Daptomycin
Lipopeptide antibiotic
Darbepoetin alfa
Erythopoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA)
Daridorexant
OX1 and OX2 receptor antagonist (for insomnia)
Darifenacin
Antimuscarinic and antispasmodic
Darolutamide
Anticancer
Androgen receptor inhibitor.
Darunavir
Antiviral (HIV)
Protease inhibitor
Daunorubicin
Anthracycline antibiotic
Deflazacort
Corticosteroid
Degarelix
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist
Delafloxacin
Quinoline antibiotic
Demeclocycline
Tetracycline antibiotic
Desloratadine
Antihistamine
Desmopressin
Vasopressin analogue
Desogestrel
Progesterone (POP)
Dexamethasone
Glucocorticoid
Dexamfetamine
CNS stimulant
Dexketoprofen
NSAID
Diamorphine
Opioid analgesic
Diazepam
Benzodiazepine
Diazoxide
Non-diuretic thiazide
Diclofenac
NSAID
Dicobalt edetate
Cyanide poisoning antidote
Dicycloverine hydrochloride
Smooth muscle antispasmodic (for IBS)/anticholinergic
Dienogest
Nortestosterone derivative with progestogenic effect (for endometriosis)
Diethylcarbamazine
Anthelmintic drug
Digoxin
Cardiac glycoside
Dihydrocodeine tartrate
Opioid analgesic
Diltiazem
Antihypertensive
CCB
Dimethyl fumarate
Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory drug
Dimeticone
Surfactant
Dinoprostone
Prostaglandin E2
Dipipanone
Opioid analgesic
Dipyridamole
Antiplatelet
(PDE inhibitor)
Disopyramide
Anti-arrythmatic
Disulfiram
Alcohol antagonist (for alcoholism)
Dobutamine
Beta1 agonist/cardiac stimulant
Docusate sodium
Laxative
Stool softener
Dolutegravir
Antiviral (HIV)
HIV integrase inhibitor
Domperidone
Dopamine agonist