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MVFD PHARMACOLOGY > DRUG CARDS (PRECAUTIONS) > Flashcards

DRUG CARDS (PRECAUTIONS) Flashcards

1
Q

Adenosine

(Adenocard)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Adenosine exerts its effect by decreasing conduction through the AV node and may produce a short lasting first, second or third degree heart block. In extreme cases transient asystole may result. Treat as necessary, but conditions are usually brief requiring no intervention.

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2
Q

Albuterol Sulfate

(Proventil, Ventolin)

PRECAUTIONS

A
  1. Patients with cardiovascular disease, seizure disorders, hyperthyroidism,
    or diabetes mellitus.
  2. Patients who use bronchodilators excessively.
  3. If wheezing is thought to be of cardiogenic nature, do not administer
    aerosol without physician order
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3
Q

Amiodarone

(Cordarone)

PRECAUTIONS

A

None

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4
Q

Aspirin

(Ascriptin, Bayer, Ecotrin, Empirin)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Anemia, hepatic disease, renal disease, Hodgkin’s disease

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5
Q

Atropine Sulfate

PRECAUTIONS

A

Low doses may cause paradoxical bradycardia. May worsen bradycardia associated with second-degree Mobitz II and third degree AV blocks.

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6
Q

Brilinta

(Ticagrelor)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Should be discontinued for active bleeding.

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7
Q

Dextrose

PRECAUTIONS

A

Use a free flowing IV line. May cause necrosis if administered via an infiltrated IV line. Obtain B/G reading and blood sample prior to administration if possible.

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8
Q

Diazepam

(Valium)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Caution in shock and alcohol intoxications, Use with caution in those patients with limited respiratory reserve, Do not mix with other drugs, Seizures may recur within 20-30 minutes after seizure control takes place. This is due to drug distribution. If patient has received Diastat {for seizure control) prior to administration, utilize Y2 of your recommended dosage of Diazepam for continued administration.

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9
Q

Diphenhydramine

(Benadryl)

PRECAUTIONS

A

None

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10
Q

Dopamine

(Dopastat, lntropin)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Duration of action is less than 1 0 minutes, Must be given by IV drip, Use in ventricular arrhythmias that are not corrected, must be done with caution, Decrease pulse pressure, Mix with no other drugs, Dopamine and Lasix = high urine output, Acidosis decreases effectiveness of Dopamine, Must dilute original solution, Phenytoin should not follow Dopamine use, May result in profound hypotension and bradycardia

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11
Q

Epinephrine 1:1,000

PRECAUTIONS

A

When given to a patient that is stabilized on antidepressants, a hypertensive crisis may occur, Do not mix with any other drugs, Very light sensitive, do not use solutions that are discolored or those that have a precipitate, Massage site after injection to counteract possible vasoconstriction, Use with caution on
patients with Epi-Pen usage (previous).

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12
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000

PRECAUTIONS

A

When given to a patient that is stabilized on antidepressants, a hypertensive
crisis may occur, Do not mix with any other drugs, Very light sensitive, do not
use solutions that are discolored or those that have a precipitate, Massage
site after injection to counteract possible vasoconstriction, Use with caution
on patients with Epi-Pen usage (previous).

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13
Q

Eptifibatide

(lntegrilin)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Use of Thrombolytics, Anticoagulants, and Other Anti platelet Agents.
Minimization of Vascular and Other Trauma
Arterial and venous punctures, intramuscular injections, and the use of
urinary catheters, nasotracheal intubation, and nasogastric tubes should be
minimized. When obtaining intravenous access, noncompressible sites (e.g.,
subclavian or jugular veins) should be avoided.

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14
Q

Etomidate

(Amidate)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Very Safe in the unstable patient, Onset is predictable and rapid (i.e.: arm to
brain), No analgesic side effects, Commonly used in combination with an
analgesic, Excellent hemodynamic stability, Reduces intracranial pressure.
Side effect of Myocolonus should be anticipated, but will not interfere with
intubation efforts

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15
Q

Flumazenil

(Romazicon)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Not very effective reversing hypoventilation or effects of Ethanol.
barbiturates, or opioids.

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16
Q

Furosemide

(Lasix)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Patients that are allergic to sulfa may be allergic to furosemide, Do not mix
with Epinephrine or Norephinephrine, Known Hypokalemic

17
Q

Glucagon

PRECAUTIONS

A

Glucagon is of little help in patients with adrenal insufficiency. Administration
of Glucagon should be followed by supplemental carbohydrates.

18
Q

Heparin

PRECAUTIONS

A

Heparin resistance encountered in fever, thrombosis, infections, MI, cancer
and post surgical patients. Increased risk to older patients and especially
ll women is a higher incidence of bleeding and particularly women over 60 years of age. Pregnant & nursing mothers.

19
Q

lpratropium

(Atroventl)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Narrow-Angle Glaucoma

20
Q

Ketorlac

(Toradol)

PRECAUTIONS

A

GI irritation or hemorrhage, Allergy to ASA or other ANSAIDs

21
Q

Lidocaine

(Xylocaine)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Contraindicated if allergic to other amide type anesthetics such as
Nupercaine. Caution in patients with greater than second degree heart
block. DC drug if signs of toxicity appear (i.e.: dizziness, convulsions or
confusion. Convulsions may be the first sign of toxicity). Use in caution in
patients with digitalis toxicity. Use with caution with procainamide,
phenytoin, quinidine and beta-blockers

22
Q

Lidocaine Jelly

(Xylocaine)

PRECAUTIONS

A

NONE

23
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

PRECAUTIONS

A

4 grams in 250 cc 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE infuse in 15 - 30 min. Not compatible with
Sodium Bicarbonate

24
Q

Metoprolol

(Lopressor)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Patients with Impaired hepatic function.

25
Q

Midazolm

(Versed)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Not recommended for patients that are pregnant, renal failure, shock, acute
alcoholic intoxication with depressed vital signs.
Not recommended for CHF patients due to possible two to three-fold
increase in half-life elimination and volume of distribution.
Rapid administration may cause respiratory depression, apnea, arrest, or
cardiac arrest.

26
Q

Morphine

PRECAUTIONS

A

Systolic BP at least 90 mmHg (may need to manage with fluid bolus). Watch
for respiratory depression and be prepared to support ventilations. Narcan
should be readily available when administering Morphine.

27
Q

Nalbuphine

(Nubain)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Head trauma, increased ICP, severe renal, hepatic, or pulmonary disease,
hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, alcoholism, undiagnosed abdominal
pain.May be reversed with Narcan

28
Q

Naloxone

(Narcan)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Effects last 1 - 4 hours - narcotic effect will often outlast the drug. Use with
caution on patients with known narcotic dependency - could cause
withdrawal symptoms

29
Q

Nitroglycerin

(Nitrolingual)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Contraindicated in head trauma.
Use caution in any patient whom is intoxicated.
Be sure to remove any transdermal system before defibrillation.

30
Q

Nitrous Oxide

(N2O2)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Breathing pure Nitrous Oxide can cause death by rapid suffocation.
May cause frostbite. Cinfined space.

31
Q

Ondansetron

(Zofran)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Not a drug that stimulates gastric or intestinal peristalsis. Transient ECG
changes including, QT interval prolongation. Use with caution in pregnancy,
nursing mothers and children less than 3 years of age.

32
Q

Oral Glucose

(lnsta-Glucose, Glutose 15)

PRECAUTIONS

A

NONE

33
Q

Oxygen

PRECAUTIONS

A

NONE

34
Q

Procainamide

(Pronestyl)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Use cautiously in: Ml or cardiac glycoside toxicity; Geriatric: CHF, renal or
hepatic insufficiency, geriatric patients (dose reduction or increased dosing intervals).

35
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

PRECAUTIONS

A

May precipitate in calcium solutions, vasopressors may be deactivated.

36
Q

Succinylcholine

(Anectine, Quelicin)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Patients with fractures or muscle spasm because of muscle fasciculation’s,
may cause additional trauma. May cause a transient increase in intracranial
pressure. May cause intragastric pressure, which could result in regurgitation
and possible aspiration. Neuromuscular blockade may be prolonged in
patients with hypokalemia or hypocalcemia. Use caution in patients with:
Penetrating eye injury & closed head injuries, Glaucoma

37
Q

Tetracaine

(Pontocaine)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Do not rub or wipe eye until anesthetic has worn off and feeling in eye
returns. To do so may cause injury or damage to the eye.

38
Q

Vasopressin

(Pitressin)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Increased peripheral vascular resistance may provoke cardiac ischemia and
angina. Improved myocardial perfusion without increasing myocardial
Oxygen demand.
Must wait 5 minutes before giving Epinephrine 1:10,000.

39
Q

Vecuronium

(Norcuron)

PRECAUTIONS

A

Slower circulation time in cardiovascular disease, old age,
edematous states resulting in increased volume of distribution
may contribute to a delay in onset time. Severe obesity or
neuromuscular disease may pose airway and/or ventilatory
problems. Malignant hyperthermia. Vecuronium has no known
effect on consciousness, the pain threshold, or cerebration.
Administration must be accompanied by adequate anesthesia
or sedation. Storage: Protect from light.

MVFD PHARMACOLOGY (6 decks)

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