Drug Cards

Question 1

Oxygen - Classification?

Answer 1

Atmospheric gas.

Question 2

Oxygen - Mechanism of Action?

Answer 2

Aerobic metabolism - oxidation of glucose to form ATP.

Question 3

Oxygen - Indications (x5)?

Answer 3

• Hypoxia.
• Ischemic chest pain.
• Respiratory insufficiency.
• Decrease in cellular oxygenation.
• Comfort measures.

Question 4

Oxygen - Contraindications (x2)?

Answer 4

• COPD patients.

- Paraquat poisoning.

Question 5

Oxygen - Side Effects (x2)?

Answer 5

• Dried mucous membranes.

- Irritation of upper respiratory tract.

Question 6

Oxygen - Dosage (Adult & Pediatric)?

Answer 6

• Depends on the patient (target 94-99%).
• Depends on the delivery method:
  
  • NC = 1 - 6 lpm.
  • SFM = 6 - 12 lpm.
  • NRBM = 10 - 15 lpm.
  • BVM = 12 - 25 lpm.

Question 7

Epinephrine (1:1000) - AKA?

Answer 7

Adrenaline.

Question 8

Epinephrine - Classification (x2)?

Answer 8

• Sympathomimetic.

- Sympathetic agonist.

Question 9

Epinephrine - Mechanism of Action (x2)?

Answer 9

• Positive stimulation of Alpha and Beta adrenergic receptors.
• Antagonizes histamine effects.

Question 10

Epinephrine - Indications (x2)?

Answer 10

• Anaphylaxis.

- Asthma.

Question 11

Epinephrine - Contraindications?

Answer 11

None in the emergency setting.

Question 12

Epinephrine - Side Effects (x7)?

Answer 12

• Dysrhythmias.
• Tachycardia.
• Hypertension.
• Angina.
• Headache.
• Restlessness.
• Nausea/Vomiting.

Question 13

Epinephrine - Adult Dosage?

Answer 13

0.3 - 0.5 mg IM/SQ (preferred IM)

Question 14

Epinephrine - Pediatric Dosage?

Answer 14

0.01 mg/kg IM/SQ (preferred IM)

Question 15

Nitroglycerin - AKA (x3)?

Answer 15

• Nitrostat.
• Nitrobid.
• Tridil.

Question 16

Nitroglycerin - Classification (x4)?

Answer 16

• Vasodilator.
• Nitrate.
• Antianginal.
• Antihypertensive.

Question 17

Nitroglycerin - Mechanism of Action?

Answer 17

Relaxes vascular smooth muscle decreasing preload and afterload on the heart.

Question 18

Nitroglycerin - Indications (x4)?

Answer 18

• Ischemic Chest Pain.
• Angina Pectoris.
• Pulmonary Edema.
• Hypertensive emergencies.

Question 19

Nitroglycerin - Contraindications (x2)?

Answer 19

• Hypotension.

- Recent ED medication usage.

Question 20

Nitroglycerin - Side Effects (x5)?

Answer 20

• Hypotension.
• Headache.
• Tachycardia.
• Facial Flushing.
• Syncope.

Question 21

Nitroglycerin - Adult Dosage?

Answer 21

0.4 mg SL q 3 - 5 minutes (400mcg) [max: 3 doses].

Question 22

Aspirin - AKA?

Answer 22

Acetylsalicylic acid.

Question 23

Aspirin - Classification?

Answer 23

Platelet anti-aggregator.

Question 24

Aspirin - Mechanism of Action?

Answer 24

Blocks platelet aggregation by blocking the synthesis of thromboxane A2.

Question 25

Aspirin - Indication?

Answer 25

Chest pain suggestive of myocardial ischemia.

Question 26

Aspirin - Contraindications (x3)?

Answer 26

• Active ulcer disease (relative).
• Asthma (relative).
• Bleeding disorders (relative).

Question 27

Aspirin - Side Effects (x2)?

Answer 27

• Allergy.

- Exacerbation of bleeding disorder.

Question 28

Aspirin - Adult Dosage?

Answer 28

160 - 325 mg PO