Drug Affecting the PSNS: direct muscarinic and indirect cholinomimetics Flashcards
which drugs are direct muscarinics
pilocarpine, bethanechol, methacholine
which direct muscarinic has good CNS penetration
pilocarpine (pilocar)
which direct muscarinic does not reach CNS
bethanechol, methacholine
what are the AChE inhibitors
- donepezil
- physostigmine
- edrophonium
- neostigmine
- pyridostigmine
which AChE inhibitors cross in CNS
- donepezil
2. physostigmine
which AChE inhibitors have poor CNS penetration
- edrophonium
- neostigmine
- pyridostigmine
what AChE inhibitors are organophosphates?
- malathion (is a topical for ectoparasites)
2. sarin, tabun (nerve gas)
what is accommodation
reflex action controlled by CNII (afferent limb) interneurons, and CNIII (efferent limb); lens of eye changes shape to focus on nearby objects via contraction of ciliary muscle, regulates flow of aqueous humor into canal of schlemm
what regulates accommodation
M3 receptor, Gq coupled
what regulates miosis
M3 receptor, Gq coupled
what is miosis
constriction of pupil, from pretectal nucleus of midbrain
neurons activate Edinger Westphal nucleus to activate M receptors to cause contraction of iris sphincter muscle
what regulates salivation
M3
what is sialorrhea
excessive salivation
what occurs when administer muscarinic agonist
- salivation, lacrimation, miosis, nearsightedness
- decreased BP and HR
- bronchorrhea/spasm
- increased motility, diarrhea, fecal incontinence
- urination/incontinence
- sweating
how to treat muscarinic agonist
block muscarinic receptors with atropine