Drug Affecting the PSNS: direct muscarinic and indirect cholinomimetics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

which drugs are direct muscarinics

A

pilocarpine, bethanechol, methacholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which direct muscarinic has good CNS penetration

A

pilocarpine (pilocar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which direct muscarinic does not reach CNS

A

bethanechol, methacholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the AChE inhibitors

A
  1. donepezil
  2. physostigmine
  3. edrophonium
  4. neostigmine
  5. pyridostigmine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which AChE inhibitors cross in CNS

A
  1. donepezil

2. physostigmine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which AChE inhibitors have poor CNS penetration

A
  1. edrophonium
  2. neostigmine
  3. pyridostigmine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what AChE inhibitors are organophosphates?

A
  1. malathion (is a topical for ectoparasites)

2. sarin, tabun (nerve gas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is accommodation

A

reflex action controlled by CNII (afferent limb) interneurons, and CNIII (efferent limb); lens of eye changes shape to focus on nearby objects via contraction of ciliary muscle, regulates flow of aqueous humor into canal of schlemm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what regulates accommodation

A

M3 receptor, Gq coupled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what regulates miosis

A

M3 receptor, Gq coupled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is miosis

A

constriction of pupil, from pretectal nucleus of midbrain

neurons activate Edinger Westphal nucleus to activate M receptors to cause contraction of iris sphincter muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what regulates salivation

A

M3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is sialorrhea

A

excessive salivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what occurs when administer muscarinic agonist

A
  1. salivation, lacrimation, miosis, nearsightedness
  2. decreased BP and HR
  3. bronchorrhea/spasm
  4. increased motility, diarrhea, fecal incontinence
  5. urination/incontinence
  6. sweating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how to treat muscarinic agonist

A

block muscarinic receptors with atropine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what occurs when administer AChE inhibitor

A

increases ACh everywhere it is

  1. salivation, lacrimation, miosis, nearsightedness
  2. increased BP and decreased HR (because increasing Nn at both SNS and PSNS which makes alpha 1 constrict BV)
  3. bronchorrhea, bronchospasm, diaphragm paralysis )(because ACh desensitizes)
  4. urination, incontinence
  5. fasciculation followed by paralysis (activate Nm, Na/K, then desensitizes)
  6. hyperkalemia (from skeletal muscle fasciculation)
17
Q

how to treat AChE inhibitor

A

atropine, pralidoxime for organophosphates to prevent aging, seizure control