drug administration Flashcards
NG tube
- crush meds
- administer 1 med at a time
- flush with 30 ml water
- by gravity not plunger
dermatologic application (patches)
- usually nitroglycerin
- take vital signs
- remove previous patch
- put on gloves
- avoid touching medication on patch
- apply patch to pt skin
- after 5 min take vitals
- rotate sites
- patches is 12 hrs on 12 hrs off
- label dressing wiht date.. time.. initials
ophthalmic (eye)
DROPS
- pull lower lid down
- drops before ointment
- place drops into sac
- release lid
- have pt blink
- massage inner canthus for 1 min
OINTMENT
- pull lower lid down
- place a strip of ointment along line (inner to outer )
- release lid
- massage inner canthus for 1 min
-tip of applicator should not touch conjuctiva
-drops before ointment 5 mins apart
-
ear drops
- pt have turn head so affected ear is facing up
- instill drops
- massage tragus for 1 min to promote med
ADULT: CHILD
(4 yrs - up) (0 - 3 yrs)
-pull ear BACK & UP -pull ear BACK & DOWN
inhaler
- put inhaler together
- shake to mix meds
- remove mouth piece
- hold canister 1 1/2 - 2 inches from mouth
- exhale
- inhale while pushing canister to deliver med
- close your mouth hold breath for 10 secs
- breath normally
- if 2 puffs wait 5 mins apart
- do not put mouth piece in mouth
- BRONCHODILATOR before STEROID
- rise mouth after to wash excess meds to prevent fungal infection
- bronchodialtor - helps breathing faster.. works in 5 mins
- steroid - treats inflammation .. wash mouth to decrease infection
- albuterol (priventil, ventolin)
- amniophylline (theophyline)
- arformoterol (brovana)
- metaproterenol (alupent)
- methylprednisone (solu-medrol)
- monesasone (asmanex)
nasal medication
-DROPS- ETHMOID & SPHENOID SINUS - pt lie on back with head hyperextended -tilt over edge of bed -instill med
MAXILLARY & FRONTAL
- pt lie on back with head towards affected side
- rotate head and hyperextend
- instill med
ORDINARY NASAL CONGESTION
- supine position
- head tilted toward effective side
- aim dropper upward towards eye
- SPRAY-
- have pt sit down
- cover uneffective nostril
- spray med into effected nostril
- tilt head downward
vaginal
- wash hands
- remove foil or plastic wrapping
- place suppository in applicator
- hold applicator by opposite end from suppository
- lay on back with knees bent or stand with legs apart
- gently apply applicator into vagina and push applicator to dispense med
- remove applicator
- wash hands
-provide privacy for the pt
rectal suppository
- wash hands
- put on gloves
- open meds
- apply ky jelly to medication
- have pt lie on LEFT side
- insert medicaton 2-4 inches
- turn pt to RIGHT side so prevent meds from coming out
intradermal injection
-PPD test
-T-spot
-quanteferon gold test
-create bubble,wheal or bleb
-by elbow inner side
-have BEVEL facing UPWARDS
-inject air
-10mm and up = normal
-immuno compromist and & AIDS pt. 5mm = exposed
-kids 15mm = normal
-positive PPD next to have X-ray done
positive show granular spots in lungs
-followed by AFB sputum test
- 3 sputum test done
needs 2 positive to confirm disease
-they will take vit B6 vit D INH
-pt returns to get it checked in 48-72 hours
subcutaneous injections
- insulin, heparin,vit K, , protein, epogen, procrit
- vit K = adults
- bone marrow stimulation hormone
- 90 = 3/8 needles
- 45 = 5/8 needle
- use 26 or 27 guage needle
- inject into fatty layer of tissue under the skin
intramuscular injection
- use alcohol to clean skin site
- hold muscle firmly
- insert needle at 90 degrees
- release muscle
- pull back plunger to check for blood
- if not blood inject med
- withdraw needle and place alcohol swab on shot location
- GAUGE: 25,26,27
- ASPIRATE to check for blood
- in the butt divide in 4 and inject in MAXIMUS MEDIUS
- DELTOID 90 degrees 1-2 inch deep
- BABY use VASTALATERALSIS for VIT K
SC injection site (subcutaneous)
- used for insulin
- 8 injections per site (arm, abdomen, ;legs, buttocks)
- 1-2 inches away from each other
- if the same site is being used without rotating it will cause LIPODYSTROPHY
- do not massage
- do not aspirate
Z track injection
- used for IRON MEDS
- prevent leakage of meds
- use gluteal muscle
- PULL BACk skin
- inject meds
- RELEASE skin
- NEVER MASSAGE meds will leak causing staining on skin
gluteal muscle (butt)
- -IM injection
- prone position
- CURL TOES INWARD
- avoid siatica nerve
ventro-gluteal muscle (hips)
- IM injection
- hips
- side lying
- FLEX UPPER LEG
- relax ventro-gluteal
