classifications Flashcards
anit-coagulants
HIGH MOLECULAR
-heparin
LOW MOLECULAR
- fragmin
- arixtra
- innohep
- lovenox
- bleeding *urticaria *elevated ALT,AST
- thrombocytopenia *osteoporosis *fever
LABS: PTT 60-70
APTT 30-45
-check therapuetic levels (x1.5 x2.5)
ANTEDOTE:
-protamine sulfate
-
an-coagulants (thrombolytics)
clot busters … dissolves clots
- TPA - tissue plasminogen activator
- Anistreplase
- urokinase
- streptokinase
- uncontrolled bleeding
- DO NOT give to pt with active bleeding
ANTEDOTE:
-amicar
LABS: platelet count 150,000-450,000
therapeutic level : (x1.5 x2,5)
anti-coagulants (thrombin inhibtors)
- coumadin (warfain)
- angiomax (bivalirudin)
- xarelto (rivaroxban)
- pradaxa (davigatran)
- bleeding *urticaria *elevated ALT,AST
- thrombocytopenia *fever *osteoporosis
- immuno compromise
ANTEDOTE: vitamiin K
LABS: PT 11-16
INR 2-3
check therapeutic levels with the use of coumadin
(x1.5 x2.5)
atrial fib pt
minimize bacon and greens
anti -arrythmias
pt with tacky heart rate
ORAL
- amiodarone
- betapace
- cardizem
- digoxin
PARENTERAL (IV)
- lidocaine
- adenosine
- magnesium sulfate
- bradycardia - DO NOT give to pt with bradycaria
- hold if heart rate is less than 60
- give on empty stomach
- cause cardiac arrest
- give to tacky pt not brady
anti-hypertensive (alpha-adrenergic blockers)
- blocks hormones
- hormones cause hypertension because its a stimulant
- clonidine (catapres)
- aldomet (methyldopa
- doxazosin (cardura) - BPH cause dilation
- plapitations *sexual dysfunction *vertigo
- orthostatic hypotension
anti-hypertensive (ace inhibitor 1&2)
ACE INHIBITOR 1
(pril) - benazipril - rampipril - enalapril - moexipril - perindopril
ACE INHIBITOR 2 (sartan)
-losartan
-omesartan
-valsartan
-eprosartan
-candesartan
-azilsartan
-telmisartan
cant give to pt with hyperkalemia
*hyperkalemia *DRY cough *salty/metallic taste
(toxicity)
*sore throat *rash *orthostatic hypotension
*decrease wbc
-DO NOT give to AFRICAN AMERICANS = not effective
give them thiazide diuretic hydrocholothiazide
-DO NOT give to pt with RENAL FAILURE they will become HYPERTENSIVE for LIFE
anti-hypertensive (beta blockers)
“-OLOL” block hormones
- carvedilol (coreg)
- labetalol (trandate)
- metoprolol (lopressor)
- propranolol (inderal)
- bronchospasm *bradycardia *hypoglycemia
- WET cough *depression *impotence
- orthostatic hypotension
- DO NOT give to AFRICAN AMERICANS = not effective
- DO NOT give to pt with RESPIRATORY DISORDER
anti-hypertensive (calcium channel blockers)
“dipine”
- felodipine (plendil
- amiodipine (norvasc)
- nifedipine (procardia)
- diltiazem (cardizem
- verapamil (calan)
- peripheral edema *bradycardia *flushing *rash
- orthostatic hypotension
- AVOID GRAPEFRUIT
- hold if heart rate is less than 60
diuretics
K-SPARRING (retain)
-midamor
-aldactone
-dyrenium
-dyazide
hyperkalemia
hypertension
K-WASTING (release) -lasix -lozol -bumex -diuril -HCTZ hypokalemia hypotension
- NEVER give to pt with KIDNEY PROBLEM
- monitor K levels
GI irritant
- ASA
- NSAIDS
- steriods
- beta blockers
- ferrous sulfate
- lithium
- dilantin
- colchincine
- 5G’s
- ginko biloba
- ginger
- ginseng
- garlic
- green tea
- take WITH FOOD
- take with 1 GLASS WATER
- NEVER take with milk especially ant-acids
vitamin B complex
-B1 thiamine * beriberi & wenicke-korsakoff
(forgetfullness)
-B2 riboflavin *ariboflavinosis (mouth sores)
-B3 niacin *pellagra (3 Ds dementia diarrhea
dermatitis
-B5 pantothenic acid *acne & paresthesia
-B6 pyridoxine *peripheral neuritis
INH parkinsons
-B7 biotin *hair skin nails damaged
-B9 folic acid *neural tube defects (cleft lip &
palate) take 2-3 months before
pregnancy
-B12 cyanocobalamin *pernicious anemia - IM injections
for the rest of your life
anti -depressants
takes 2-4 weeks to work
(MAOI)
- parnate
- marplan
- emsam -
- nardil
(TCA)
- sinequan
- tofranil
- elavil
- pamelor
(SSRI)
- celxa
- lexapro
- aropax
- paxil
- prozac
- zoloft
-DO NOT take with STIMULANT
-AVOID TYRAMINE FOODS
-fermented
-processed & aged cheese
-banana
-avocado
-mango
-dried fruits
-cheese
-wine
-sausage
it will cause HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS (B/P 240/120)
-AVOID PREGNANCY when taking TCA
anti- psychotic
TYPICAL
- mellaril
- prolixin
- thorazine
- haldol
- stelazine
ATYPICAL
- clozaril
- risperdal
- abilify
- geodon
- seroquel
SIDE EFFECTS:
-neuroleptic malignant syndrome - high fever and seizure
- immunocompromise
- ESP - parkinsonism, ribbit syndrome, akathisia , dystonia (after 2 months)
- tardive dyskinesia - facial grimacing,tongue protrusion, lip smacking, puckering,pursing and rapid eye blinking, tourette syndrome = PERMANENT (after 2 years of taking)
- hypoactivity
- photosensitvity
- sore throat
- fever
anti- gout
- probenecid
- allopurinol
- colchicine
- uloric
- NSAID
- increase fluids to excrete uric acid
- AVOID PURENE SOURCE FOODS
- organ meat *spinach *sardines *alcohol
- take WITH FOOD to prevent GI upset
- prevents pain
- causes bleeding
anti-osteoporosis
SQ
- forteo (everyday)
- prolia (6months)
PO
- fosamax
- actonel
- boniva
- premarin
- take everyday in the MORNING
- take with 1 glass WATER
- take on EMPTY STOMACH
- sit UPRIGHT for 30 mins to prevent GERDS
