Drug actions Flashcards
1
Q
The nurse must have knowledge of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic phases of drug action to:
A
-adequately assess, plan, intervene and evaluate drug effects.
2
Q
Processes of drug absorption:
A
- passive
- active
- pinocytosis
3
Q
Passive diffusion (absorption)
A
O
4
Q
Active diffusion (absorption)
A
o
5
Q
Pinocytosis (absorption)
A
o
6
Q
First-pass effect:
A
in the liver
7
Q
Bioavailability (Affected by)
A
- drug form
- route of administration
- GI mucosa and motility
- food and drugs
- changes in liver metabolism caused by liver dysfunction or inadequate hepatic blood flow
8
Q
IV drugs
A
100% of drug is in systemic circulation.
30% may be bound to protein
70% to be used up
9
Q
Low
A
O
10
Q
Moderate
A
o
11
Q
High
A
o
12
Q
Protein binding
A
- drugs are distributed in the plasma many are bound to varying degrees with protein (albumin)
- portion that is bound is inactive
- not available to receptors
- drugs compete for protein sites
13
Q
Blood brain barrier
A
highly lipid soluble drugs cross
14
Q
Placenta
A
lipid soluble and lipid insoluble cross
15
Q
Metabolism (Bio transformation)
A
-liver=primary site
16
Q
Half-life
A
- time it takes for one half of the drug concentration to be eliminated affect half-life.
- metabolism and elimination affect half-life.
