Drug Abuse

Question 1

Bupropion

Answer 1

(Zyban, Welbutrin); Atypical antidepressant - Blocks NE, DA uptake (Not 5HT) - Weak nicotinic receptor antagonist; May reduce nicotine use, No CNS depression, Sexual dysfunction, Seizure threshold lowered, Insomnia, Agitation, Pruritis, Bruxism; MAY PRESCRIBE TO PREVENT ORAL CANCER, Chemically related to canthinones in Khat

Question 2

Canthinones and Bath Salts

Answer 2

Khat plants, More toxic; MDPV, Mephedrone, Meththylone, Flakka = Alpha PVP; Pleasant experience with sociability and sex drive sought with paranoia, agitation, tachycardia, delusion, hallucination, psychosis, seizures, violent behavior, amnesia, death - Bruxism and Dry mouth; Hospitalizations; Benzodiazepine treatment (Diazepam/Lorazepam)

Question 3

Varenicline

Answer 3

Nicotine receptor partial agonist: alpha4-beta2, limits nicotine from further stimulating receptors, Moderates DA release in nucleus accumbens and cortex to reduce withdrawal symptoms; Nausea, vomit, sleep disturbance, Neuropsychiatric effects - Behavior, agitation, mood and suicidal ideation

Question 4

Ethyl

Answer 4

Ch3Ch2OH (ethanol); Methanol/Ethylene glycol detox - Treat stroke(Caffinol)

Question 5

Methyl

Answer 5

Ch3OH (methanol, wood alcohol) - Dental bench torch fuel

Question 6

Isopropyl

Answer 6

Ch3Ch3ChOH (rubbing alcohol) - Disinfectant and cleansing agent

Question 7

Benzodiazepine

Answer 7

Manage Ethanol dependence, Sedation, Seizures, Stage withdrawl; Antipsychotics - Hallucinations, Clonidine - Autonomic hyperactivity

Question 8

Disulfiram

Answer 8

(Antabuse); Chelates metal ion cofactors necessary for acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity; N&V, Flushing, Headache, Sweating, Hypotension, Confusion; Slow elimination (Negative reinforcement for drinking)

Question 9

Naltrexone

Answer 9

(ReVia); Opioid receptor antagonist, Reduce craving

Question 10

Acamprosate

Answer 10

(Campral); Competitive inhibitor of NMDA Glutamate receptor