DRR HELP ME Flashcards
What does NDRRMC stand for?
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
What is the acronym for Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration?
PAGASA
PHIVOLCS is an acronym for which organization?
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
What does DOST represent in the context of Philippine agencies?
Department of Science and Technology
MGB stands for what organization?
Mines and Geosciences Bureau
What does BFP stand for?
Bureau of Fire Protection
LDRRMO is an acronym for which office?
Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office
What does DRRMC stand for?
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
What is the definition of an earthquake?
Sudden shaking of the ground caused by the movement of tectonic plates along fault lines.
What are the impacts of earthquakes?
Can cause buildings to collapse, landslides, tsunamis, and loss of life.
What are three methods for earthquake prevention/management?
- Building earthquake-resistant structures
- Early warning systems
- Disaster preparedness
What is a landslide?
Movement of rock, soil, and debris down a slope due to gravity.
What can trigger a landslide?
Heavy rain, earthquakes, or human activities.
What are the impacts of landslides?
Property destruction, road blockages, and loss of life.
What are two methods for managing landslides?
- Proper land use
- Slope stabilization
What is a rainfall-induced landslide?
Landslides triggered by prolonged or heavy rainfall that saturates the soil.
What are the impacts of rainfall-induced landslides?
Flooding, destruction of infrastructure, and casualties.
What are two methods for managing rainfall-induced landslides?
- Soil erosion control
- Improved drainage
What is a volcanic eruption?
The explosive release of magma, ash, and gases from a volcano.
What are the impacts of volcanic eruptions?
Lava flows, ash fall, pyroclastic flows, and earthquakes.
What are two methods for managing volcanic eruptions?
- Monitoring volcanic activity
- Evacuations
What is a sinkhole?
A depression or hole in the ground caused by the collapse of surface material into underground cavities.
What are the two types of sinkholes?
- Natural Sinkholes
- Manmade Sinkholes
What is the impact of sinkholes?
Can destroy buildings, roads, and underground infrastructure.
What are two methods for managing sinkholes?
- Monitoring groundwater levels
- Engineering solutions
What are the three types of sinkholes?
- Solution Sinkholes
- Cover Subsidence Sinkholes
- Cover Collapse Sinkholes
What is a typhoon?
A powerful tropical storm with strong winds, heavy rainfall, and potential for storm surges.
What are the impacts of typhoons/cyclones/hurricanes?
Destruction of homes, flooding, loss of life, and agriculture damage.
What are two methods for managing typhoons/cyclones/hurricanes?
- Early warning systems
- Evacuation plans
What is flooding?
Overflow of water onto normally dry land due to heavy rain, storm surges, or rapid melting of snow.
What are the impacts of flooding?
Destruction of property, agriculture, infrastructure, and displacement of people.
What are two methods for managing flooding?
- Flood barriers
- Urban planning
What is a drought?
Extended periods of below-average rainfall leading to water shortages.
What are the impacts of drought?
Crop failure, water scarcity, and economic losses in agriculture.
What are two methods for managing drought?
- Water conservation measures
- Efficient irrigation systems
What is a heatwave?
Extended periods of abnormally high temperatures.
What are the impacts of heatwaves?
Health risks like heatstroke, dehydration, and increased wildfires.
What are two methods for managing heatwaves?
- Public health education
- Cooling centers
What is a tornado?
Violently rotating columns of air in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud.
What are the impacts of tornadoes?
Destruction of buildings, power lines, and infrastructure.
What are two methods for managing tornadoes?
- Early warning systems
- Building tornado-resistant structures
What are geological hazards primarily caused by?
Earth’s natural processes like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides.
What can exacerbate geological hazards?
Human activities like mining or over-extraction of groundwater.
What are hydrometeorological hazards driven by?
Weather and climate phenomena like typhoons, flooding, and droughts.
What are two methods to mitigate hydrometeorological hazards?
- Early warning systems
- Proper land use
What is a disaster?
A catastrophic event that causes significant damage, disruption, and loss of life, property, and resources.
Disasters can include natural events like earthquakes or human-made events such as industrial accidents.
Define disaster risk.
The potential for a disaster to occur, based on the likelihood of hazards and the vulnerability of people, property, and systems.
Disaster risk assessment involves evaluating both the hazards and the exposure of different entities.
What is a fast-moving, hot mixture of gas, ash, and volcanic debris that flows down the volcano’s slopes?
Pyroclastic Flow
Pyroclastic flows are among the most dangerous volcanic hazards due to their speed and temperature.
What term describes volcanic ash and tephra ejected into the atmosphere that falls back to the ground over a wide area?
Ash Fall
Ash fall can cover large areas and affect air quality, agriculture, and water supplies.
What is molten rock that moves down the volcano’s slopes, typically slow but capable of destroying property?
Lava Flows
Lava flows can vary in speed and composition, affecting their destructive potential.
What gases, such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide, are released during an eruption and can impact air quality and health?
Volcanic Gas Emissions
These gases can lead to acid rain and contribute to climate change.
What is a volcanic mudflow or debris flow formed when volcanic ash mixes with water, often after heavy rainfall?
Lahar
Lahars can travel at high speeds and are particularly dangerous for communities near volcanoes.
What large waves are generated by underwater volcanic eruptions or landslides, affecting coastal areas?
Tsunamis
Tsunamis can cause significant destruction and loss of life in coastal regions.
What are solid fragments of rock ejected during an eruption, with bombs being larger than lapilli?
Volcanic Bombs and Lapilli
These fragments can vary in size and can be hazardous to people and structures near the eruption site.
