Dr. emma upper msk Flashcards by Esther Gui

acromioclavicular ligament & joint

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Basilic vein ascends on the medial side and runs parallel to brachial artery and drains into ->

Axillary Vein

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Cephalic vein ascends to median cubital vein (venipuncture) and joins with ->

Axillary vein

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Which superficial vessel of the upper limb communicates with median cubital vein before joining axillary vein

Cephalic

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What kind of veins form b/w superficial and deep veins of the upper limb

Perforating veins

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cephalic and basilic veins originate from where

subcutaneous tissue on dorsum of the hand FROM the dorsal venous network

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pectoralis major innervation (HIGH yield)

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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pectoralis major action

flex, adduct, medial rotate

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pectorlis minor origin

ribs 3,4,5

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perctoralis minor innervation

medial pectoral n.

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t/f
pec. minor acts on scapula
pec. major humerus

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pec. minor action

protraction, depression, medial rotate of scapula

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what bundle travels under the pec. minor-coracoid process bridge

neurovascular bundle

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subclavious n. and action

n. to subclavius
depress & stabilize clavicle

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difference b/w pectoral nerves (HIGH yield boards q)

pec major = both lateral and medial pec. n.
pec. minor = only medial pec. n.

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serratus anterior action

holds scapula to chest wall

protraction and superior rotation of scapula

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serratus anterior n.

long thoracic n. (remember it breaks off of brachial plexus)

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trapezius origin

superior nuchal line
extends from SP of C7-T12

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trapezius n.

accessory n. (CN XI) - SHOULDER shrug test to assess

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which 3 structures makes up the posterior triangle

trapezius
clavicle
SCM

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in the posterior triangle which vessels (2) pass b/w anterior & middle scalene muscles

brachial plexus & axillary artery (also runs with axillary vein)

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which n. innervates trapezius and SCM & descends from base of skull, out of posterior triangle, down to side of the neck, then deep to trape

accessory n.

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latissimus dorsi origin

spines of T6-L5
median crest of sacrum, iliac crest

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latissimus dorsi action

extend, adduct, medial rotate humerus

aka Chin Ups muscle

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latissimus dorsi insertion

intertubercular groove of humerus

latissimus dorsi innervation

thoracodorsal n.

which posture muscles (3) are innervated by the Dorsal Scapular N.

Levator Scapulae Rhomboid Minor Rhomboid Major

nerves to muscles of the superficial back (4)

dorsal scapular suprascapular accessory axillary

what group does these muscles fall under: deltoid supraspinatus infraspinatus subscapularis t. maj t. min triceps

muscles on the scapula that move the humerus (innervated on the humerus to help it move)

deltoid origin (proximal attachments - think CLASPs) and insertion

proximal attachments: **C**LASPs **C**lavicle **A**cromion **S**pinous **P**rocess insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

deltoid action

action on humerus: flex & extend abduct (when all 3 contract together) medial & lateral rotate

deltoid innervation

axillary N.

which space does the axillary n. pass through

quadrangular space made up of: teres maj. & min long head or tri & humerus

what condition = compression of the axillary n. and posterior humeral circumflex artery

Quadrilateral Space Syndrome (QSS)

name rotator cuff muscles (SITS)

Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis

Subscapularies N.

upper & lower subscapular nerves

supraspinatus & infraspinatus N.

suprascapular n.

teres minor n.

axillary n. (same as delt)

which group of muscles blend w/ glenohumeral jt capsule - reinforcing it

rotator cuff muscles

match action to SITS muscle 1. laterally rotate humerus 2. abduct humerus (w/ deltoid) 3. medial rotation of humerus

1. Teres Min. & Infraspinatus 2. supraspinatus 3. subscapularis

which nerve passses through the **suprascapular foramen/notch**, and then the **greater scapular (spinoglenoid)** notch

suprascapular n.

teres major action

adduct, medial rotate, extend humerus

teres maj. innervation

lower supscapular n. (off axillary n.)

flow of upper limb arteries from top to bottom

**Subclavian -> Axillary -> Brachial -> Radial & Ulnar -> deep & superfical Palmar Arches -> Digital Arteries**

axillary artery is divided into 3 parts: 1st part (1 branch): gives rise to **(inferior/sup.) thoracic artery** 2nd part (2 branch): **thoracoacromial a. & (lateral/superior) a.** 3rd part (3 branches): **anterior & post. circumflex humeral arteries, (largest**of all branches of axillary artery = ?)____

1st = superior thoracic 2nd = thoracoacriomial & lateral thoracic artery 3rd = subscapular artery, ant. & post. circumflex humeral artery

importance of collateral circulation around scapula: if axillary artery is occluded ?

blood is shunted from subclavian a. to distal axillary a. by reverse flow in circumflex scapular/subscapular arteries

- dorsal scapular a. - suprascapular a. - circumflex scapular a. - transverse cervical a. are all branches of which 2 arteries? where do they anastomose?

branches from **subclavian** & **axillary** anastomase around **scapula**

deep veins are (paired/unpaired) veins that accompany majory arteries

paired veins - Radial, Unlar, brachial etc.

which 3 nerves innervate elbow jt. ligaments

musculocutaneous radial ulnar

arterial supply of elbow jt. ligaments =

anastomosis of arteries around the jt.

**(Ulnar/Radial/annular)** collateral ligament of elbow: sling around head of radius to form proximal radioulnar jt permits rotation of head of radius around ulna

annular

**(Ulnar/Radial)** collateral ligament of elbow: attached to annular ligament

radial

**(Ulnar/Radial/annular)** collateral ligament of elbow: triangular shaped ligament w/ upper & lower bands; ulner n. passes b/w bands posterior to medial epicondyle

proximal radio-ulnar jt: which membrane links bones together creates pivot type synovial jt. -> allows for sup. & pronation

interosseous membrane

arm: everything thats **extending or supinating** = (RADIAL/ULNAR) n.

**RADIALLLLL N. **

**pronators** of the arm = (median/ulnar) n.

MEDIAN n.

**flexors** of arm = (median/musculocutaneous) n.

**musculocutaneous** n

who does the most force of flexion - PURE flexor

BRACHIALIS

WHICH n. - arises from lateral cord pierces muscle, and runs b/w bicpes and brachialis

musculocutaneous n.

muscles of the ant. arm compartment

brachialis coracobrachialis biceps brachii

muscles of post. arm compartment

triceps brachii anconeous

which nerve innervates all 3 heads of triceps

Radial

fracture of arm corresponds to which nerve: ARM 1. head of humerus 2. mid shaft 3. Supracondylar

axillary - head radial - mid shaft median - supracondylar

triangular depression on anterior surface of elbow = borders =

cubital fossa medially = pronator teres laterally = brachioradialis superiorly = imaginary line connecting medial and lateral epicondyle of humerus

cubital fossal contents (lateral to med.) - Really Need Beer To Be At My Nicest - radial nerve - biceps tendon - (2 more)

brachial artery median nerve Really Need (radial nerve) Beer To (biceps tendon) Be At (brachial artery) My Nicest (median nerve).

which deep muscle layer of forearm reinforces interosseous membrane (keeping radius and unla together = IMP. in FOSH (fall and oustretched hand) injury) (good boards q)

pronator quadratus

intermediate layer of forearm muscle

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis I: on middle phalages of 4 fingers median N. Flexes fingers

Flexor digitorum profundus (2 innervation points) Flexor pollicis longus (inserts on the dsital phalanx of thumb) Pronator quadratus are all muscles of what group

Deep layer of forearm muscles

3 functional groups - extonsors muscles of the forearm (posterior group)

1. muscles that extend/abduct or adduct the **hand at the wrist** 2. muscles that extend the **medial four digits** 3. muscles that extend or abduct **thumb**

extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis/unlaris = which group

1. extend/adduct/abduct **hand at wrist**

extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi

2. muscles that extend the **medial 4 digits**

abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus

3. extend or abduct thumb

radial nerve innervates (all/most) muscles of the posterior forearm

ALL MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM

forearm: unlar nerve innervation =

- flexor carpi ulnaris - 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus (4&5) - becomes superfical at the wrist

blood pressure taken by which artery?

brachial artery

superficial palmar arch made up mainly by which artery, + anastomosis with which artery

made up of ulnar artery anastomsis w/ radial artery

**carpal tunnel structures (3)**

1. median nerve 2. flexors digitorum superficialis & profundus 3. flexor pollicis longus

the following is the result of what syndrome? - cutaneous sensory loss on median nerve distribution - thenar wasting - weakness of lumbricals 1,2

carpal tunnel syndrome

Muscles that flex the wrist (which ones) have a common attachment at the medial epicondyle of the humerus. A fracture at this location would affect flexion at the wrist.

(flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis)