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3rd Year, 1st Sem > DOY - Prelims > Flashcards

DOY - Prelims Flashcards

1
Q

What is the sequence of eruption for the permanent maxillary teeth?

A

6 1 2 4 5 3 7

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2
Q

What is the sequence of eruption for the permanent mandibular teeth?

A

6 1 2 3 4 5 7

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of mixed dentition?

A
  1. elongation of permanent root
  2. resorption of primary root
  3. occlusal movement of permanent teeth
  4. growth of alveolar process
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4
Q

Teeth that replace primary teeth

A

Successional teeth

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5
Q

Those permanent teeth that erupt posteriorly to the primary teeth and does not follow any teeth

A

Accessional teeth

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6
Q

What are the two stages in Mixed dentition

A

Early and late mixed dentition

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7
Q

Also known as the ugly ducking phase that is prominent from ages 8-10

A

Flaring of upper incisors

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8
Q

It is a transient / self-correcting
malocclusion seen in the maxillary
incisor region between 8 - 9 years of
age

A

Ugly duckling stage

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9
Q

A phenomenon in the ugly duckling stage

A

Broadbent phenomenon

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10
Q

How to resolve the ugly duckling stage

A

eruption of the permanent canines

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11
Q

This difference between the amount of space needed
for accommodation of the incisors & the amount of space available for this is called

A

Incisal Liability

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12
Q

In the exchange of incisors which one is larger

A

Permanent incisors

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13
Q

How to overcome incisal liability

A
  1. Interdental spacing of primary incisor
  2. inter canine arch width growth
  3. Labial positioning of the permanent incisors
  4. Favorable size ratio between primary and permanent
    incisors
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14
Q

Good ____ of
primary incisors allows for
better alignment of the
larger permanent incisors.

A

interdental spacing

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15
Q

increased ___
creates more room for the
permanent incisors

A

intercanine width

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16
Q

mandibular intercanine width
increases mostly during
___ eruption

A

permanent incisor

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17
Q

Permanent incisors erupt to a more labial position and are angled more labially, thereby
increasing the ___

A

arch length

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18
Q

favorable size ratio of primary and permanent incisors

A

Large primary and small permanent

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19
Q

Resolution of distal flaring

A

with the eruption of canine

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20
Q

The combined mesiodistal width of the permanent canines and pre-molars is usually less than that of the primary canines and molars. This surplus space is called

A

Leeway space

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21
Q

Leeway space in the maxilla

A

1.8 mm

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22
Q

Leeways space in the mandible

A

3.4 mm

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23
Q

What is the the difference between the sum of the mesiodistal crown widths of the primary canines and molars and that of their successors, the permanent canines and premolars?

A

Leeway space

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24
Q

present between lateral incisor and canine in upper
and canine and deciduous first molar in the lower

A

Primate space

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25
Q

present between the deciduous incisors;
spaces present in primary dentition helps in the
alignment of the permanent incisors.

A

Interdental spaces

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26
Q

Mesial migration of the erupting mandibular permanent molar and uses the mandibular primate space

A

Early mesial shift

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27
Q

Late mesial shift of the lower permanent 1st molar occur by utilising of ____, where the mandibular 1st molar moves in a mesial direction after loss of the second deciduous molar to achieve cusp to groove relationship

A

leeway space

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28
Q

Flush terminal plane may lead to

A

Class 1, Class 2, and end-to-end

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29
Q

Mesial step may lead to

A

Class 1 and Class 3

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30
Q

Distal step leads to

A

Class 2

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31
Q

General shape of the palatal arch in the permanent dentition determined by the shape of the underlying basal bone

A

U-shaped

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32
Q

This diverts food away from the gingiva to prevent it form being traumatized

A

Facial and lingual curvatures

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33
Q

the highest point of a curve or the greatest convexity or bulge

A

Crest of curvature

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34
Q

The crest of curvature is Found in the ___ on the lingual surfaces of posterior teeth

A

middle 1/3 of the crown

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35
Q

Location of the crest of curvature on the crowns

A

where a tooth touches the adjacent tooth

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36
Q

Functions of the contact areas

A
  • Stabilize the tooth within
    the alveolus
  • Help prevent food impaction
  • Protect the interdental
    papilla
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37
Q

Distal contacts are more cervical than mesial contacts except ___ where the mesial contact is more cervical and

A

mandibular
4s

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38
Q

____
where the mesial and distal contacts are at the same level

A

mandibular centrals

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39
Q

Contact areas of all anterior teeth except Maxillary canine

A

Mesial contacts are in the incisal 1/3

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40
Q

Contact area of maxillary canine

A

at the junction of the incisal and middle 1/3

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41
Q

Contact area of all posterior teeth

A

Mesial contacts are at or near the
junction of the middle and
occlusal 1/3

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42
Q

A v-shaped spaces above the contact ares of teeth viewed from the occlusal or incisal aspect

A

embrasures

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43
Q

Larger embrasures

A

Lingual embrasures

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44
Q

Incisal or occlusal
embrasures are ____ and ____ on anterior
teeth but broad on the
posterior teeth

A

shallow incisocervically; narrow faciolingually

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45
Q

Other name for interproximal space

A

cervical or gingival embrasure

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46
Q

Triangular space between
adjacent teeth cervical to
their contact

A

Interproximal space

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47
Q

Contact of flattened or level
surfaces

A

surface contact

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48
Q

Mandibular cusp tip contacts the maxillary flat surface in

A

premolars

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49
Q

Mandibular cusp tip
contacts the ___ ___
of a maxillary cusp in
molars

A

mesial incline

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50
Q

crush and cut food as they are directed past the opposing shear cusps and cutting ridges toward an occlusal fossa

A

Stamp cusps

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51
Q

Responsible for maintaining the vertical dimension of occlusion

A

stamp cusps

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52
Q

act as centric stops during contact with the opposing stamp cusps and they minimize tissue impingement

A

shear cusps

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53
Q

give stability to mandible by providing a tight and definite occlusal relationship when teeth occlude (maximum intercuspation)

A

shear cusps

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54
Q

For every
occluding tooth,
three contact points
are seen in what shape

A

tripodization

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55
Q

every tooth contact on inclined
surface is counteracted by
another___ __

A

inclined surface

56
Q

Most effective stabilizer of alignment

A

Cusp and fossa apposition

57
Q

Mesiolingual cusp of all mandibular molars are in apposition with the lingual embrasures of the ____

A

maxillary
molars

58
Q

Triangular ridges of the buccal
cusps of the maxillary molars
are accommodated into the

A

buccal grooves of the
mandibular molars

59
Q

4 ridges of a cusp

A

Outer incline (facial or
lingual ridge)
Inner incline (triangular
ridge)
Mesial cusp ridge
Distal cusp ridge

60
Q

area contained within the mesial and distal edges of the occlusal surface

A

Occlusal table

61
Q

What causes the deviation of the central groove of the Mandibular first molar

A

have extra long triangular
ridges on the distofacial
cusps

62
Q

____ ___of a
maxillary molar is much
larger than the mesiofacial
cusp

A

Mesiopalatal cusp

63
Q

The distal cusp ridge of the
___ cusp of the
maxillary first molar fuse
with the triangular ridge of
the distofacial cusp to form
the ___

A

mesiopalatal;oblique ridge

64
Q

They contact the opposing
tooth in intercuspal position

A

Supporting cusps

65
Q

They support the vertical
dimension of the face

A

Supporting cusps

66
Q

They are nearer the facio lingual
center of the tooth than non
supporting cusps

A

Supporting cusps

67
Q

They have broader, more
rounded cusp ridges than non
supporting cusps

A

Supporting cusps

68
Q

Location of the supporting cusps in the maxilla

A

located on the maxillary
lingual occlusal line

69
Q

Location of the supporting cusps in the mandible

A

mandibular
facial occlusal line

70
Q

They are more robust and
better suited to crushing food
than non supporting cusps

A

supporting cusps

71
Q

The lingual tilt of the posterior
teeth ____ the relative
height of the supporting cusps in comparison to the non supporting cusps

A

increases

72
Q

They form a lingual occlusal line in the mandibular arch and a facial occlusal line the maxillary arch

A

non-supporting cusps

73
Q

They overlap the opposing
teeth without contacting
them

A

non-supporting cusps

74
Q

Location of the non-supporting cusps

A

in the
embrasures or in the
developmental groove of
the opposing teeth

75
Q

They have sharper cusp ridges

A

non-supporting cusps

76
Q

They overlap of the cusps helps keep the tongue and cheeks out from the occlusal table

A

non-supporting cusps

77
Q

anteroposterior curve of the occlusal plane

A

curve of spee

77
Q

___ ____curve from
the canine to the last molar
in the maxilla

A

Upwardly convex

78
Q

___ ____ curve
from the canine to the last
molar in the mandible

A

downwardly concave

79
Q

side to side curve

A

Curve of Wilson

80
Q

Composed of all the structures involved in oral functions such as
mastication, deglutition , speech and respiration.

A

Human Masticatory Apparatus

81
Q

HMA components include

A

Dental, Neuromuscular, Skeletal

82
Q

Contact relationships of the teeth resulting from neuromuscular control of the masticatory system.

A

Occlusion

83
Q

occlusion as the causative factor in formation of lesions

A

Traumatic Occlusion

84
Q

treatment occlusion; counteract structural relationships related to traumatic occlusion

A

Therapeutic Occlusion

85
Q

The contact of teeth in opposing dental arches when jaws are closed and the mandible is NOT MOVING

A

Static Occlusion

86
Q

the contact of teeth in opposing dental arches during various jaw movements

A

Dynamic occlusion

87
Q

Good occlusion includes

A

Optimal function and absence of disease

88
Q

Factors that affect occlusion

A
  • Functional forms of teeth
  • arrangement of teeth within the dental arches
  • relationship between the maxillary and mandibular arches
  • the TMJ , muscles , nerves and ligaments
89
Q

The science that deals with the functions of the human masticatory apparatus
and its parts, and of the physical and chemical factors and processes
involved.

A

Oral physiology

90
Q

The principal clinical functions in which the oral structures participate include:

A

Mastication
Deglutition
Respiration
Speech

91
Q

the field of dentistry that deals with the entire chewing apparatus, including its
anatomic, histologic, physiologic, and pathologic characteristics

A

Gnathology

92
Q

deals with the masticatory apparatus as a whole

A

Gnathology

92
Q

the process by which food is crushed and ground
by teeth (incising and chewing) and mixed with
saliva to form a bolus in preparation for
swallowing

A

Mastication

92
Q

the process in the human body that
makes something pass from the
mouth (through the tongue) to the
pharynx, and into the esophagus,
while shutting the epiglottis and the
nasopharynx

A

Deglutition

92
Q

the process by which organisms take
up oxygen and discharge carbon
dioxide in order to satisfy the body’s
energy requirements.
process of inhalation and

A

Respiration

93
Q

the ability to speak the language
fluently and articulately – verbal means of
communicating

A

Speech

94
Q

The part of the tooth covered by
enamel is referred to as the

A

anatomic crown

95
Q

refers to any
part of the tooth that sticks out
into the oral cavity. It may be
shorter or longer than the
anatomic crown

A

clinical crown

96
Q

The process whereby a developing tooth bodily moves through the jaw bone
and overlying mucosa to its functional position in the oral cavity.

A

Active Eruption

97
Q

The process whereby the clinical crown of a tooth increases in size because of
apical recession of the surrounding tissues rather than bodily movement of the
tooth.

A

Passive eruption

98
Q

is the
portion of the gingiva or gums
that attaches the gums to the
enamel, or the surface of the
tooth. It is at the base of the
sulcular epithelium

A

Junctional Epithelium

99
Q
  • At the different stages of passive
    eruption, the location of the
    _____ ____ changes.
A

junctional epithelium

100
Q

Anatomy of Speech

A

Brain, power source, vibrator, resonators

101
Q

The speech center of the anatomy of speech

A

Brain

102
Q

Power source of the anatomy of speech

A

Lungs

103
Q

The vibrator which is responsible for the sound waves

A

Larynx

104
Q

The resonators for articulatory parts

A

Nose, oral cavity, nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx

105
Q

includes the soft palate
(velum) as well as the
pharynx and the side and
back walls of the throat.

A

velopharyngeal valve

106
Q

The purpose of velopharyngeal complex

A

to separate
the oral and nasal cavities
during swallow

107
Q

3 phases of speech

A

CNS phase, Respiratory phase, Phonetics phase

108
Q

Control of vocal intensity is
performed by adjustments in the flow of air by using the ____ muscles to create a more forceful flow past the vocal folds.

A

abdominal

108
Q

Types of sounds produces

A

Consonants and vowels

108
Q

Difference between the Infant and Adult Vocal
Tract

A

1.there is an apparent descent of the larynx,
the hyoid bone and the tongue
2.disengagement of the VP contact
3.Lengthening of the vocal tract with a
decrease in the oro-laryngo-pharyngeal
angle

108
Q

is the complex process by
which teeth form from embryonic cells, grow, and erupt into the mouth.

A

Odontogenesis

108
Q

Stages of odontogenesis

A

Initiation stage, Calcification, Eruption, resorption and exfoliation

109
Q

This stage consists of the invagination of dental lamina and cellular proliferation

A

Initiation stage

110
Q

Actual deposition

A

Calcification

111
Q

Movement of teeth from bony socket to the occlusal area

A

Eruption

112
Q

Factors affecting eruption

A
  1. Hereditary
  2. Nutritional
  3. Environmental
  4. General physical condition of the individual
  5. Physiologic activity of BMR
113
Q

Anatomical Stages of Eruption

A
  1. Pre-eruptive
  2. Intra-alveolar
  3. Intra-oral
  4. Occlusal
114
Q

weaning away of
the root surface of the primary tooth

A

Resorption

115
Q

natural shedding
of tooth to give way for
eruption of permanent tooth

A

eruption

116
Q

Functions of the primary teeth

A
  • Maintenance of space and arch continuity
  • Maintenance of normal facial appearance
  • Sustenance of the child
  • Normal speech development
117
Q

Anatomical characteristics of the primary dentition

A

*20 in number
*White; bluish white
*Smooth labial crown surfaces

118
Q

Characteristics of the primary dentition

A
  • Absence of mamelons on
    incisal edges
  • Prominent cervical ridges
  • Crowns are wider MD than CI
  • Shallow molar occlusal anatomy
  • Absence of mamelons on incisal edges
  • Prominent cervical ridges
  • Crowns are wider MD than CI
  • Shallow molar occlusal
    anatomy
  • Thinner, more uniform enamel covering
  • Thinner proportion of dentin
  • Large pulp cavities
  • Pulp chambers are much less elongated
  • Enamel rods at cervical area slope occlusally
119
Q

CHARACTERISTICS OF A
NORMALLY DEVELOPING
PRIMARY OCCLUSION

A

Spaced anterior
primate spaces
Shallow overjet and overbite
Almost vertical inclination of
teeth
Flush / Straight terminal plane
Class I molar and cuspid
relationship
Ovoid arch form

120
Q
  • minimal muscle hyperactivity
  • limited stress to the system
A

Physiologic occlusion

121
Q

occlusion as the causative factor in formation of lesions

A

Traumatic occlusion

122
Q

treatment occlusion; counteract structural relationships related to traumatic occlusion

A

Therapeutic Occlusion

123
Q

the contact of teeth in
opposing dental arches
when jaws are closed and
the mandible is NOT
MOVING

A

Static occlusion

124
Q

the contact of teeth in opposing
dental arches during various jaw movements.

A

Dynamic occlusion

125
Q

The ____ side is the side of the mandible towards which the mandible is moving

A

working

126
Q

The ____ side is the side of the mandible away from which the mandible is moving.

A

non-working

127
Q

Optimal function
absence of disease

A

Good occlusion

3rd Year, 1st Sem (4 decks)

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