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Endo/Repro: Week 5 > Downing: Mammary Gland Histology > Flashcards

Downing: Mammary Gland Histology Flashcards

1
Q

specialized cutaneous gland/ modified sweat gland w/ 15-25 lobules that are each an INDEPENDENT gland

A

mammary gland

duct opens at APEX of nipple

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2
Q

lobules of mammary gland

A

several in each lobe

CT in lobule is loose, delicate, cellular

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3
Q

pathway of mammary gland ducts

A

intRAlobular ducts>
intERlobular ducts>
lactiferous duct>
lactiferous sinus

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4
Q

dilation of lactiferous duct just before it opens onto summit of nipple

A

lactiferous sinus

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5
Q

epithelium in smaller ducts

A

simple cuboidal

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6
Q

epithelium near opening of nipple

A

stratified sq

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7
Q

affect of puberty on mammary glands

A

ENLARGE d/t development of adipose and CT

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8
Q

when do mammary glands fully develop

A

pregnancy> finish developing w/ nursing

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9
Q

pigmented skin w/ no sweat glands or hair follicles

A

nipple

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10
Q

nipple epithelium

A

Strat, sq, keratinizing

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11
Q

melanin content in nipple during pregnancy

A

increases

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12
Q

contain numberous meissner’s corpuscles

A

Tall CT papillae of nipple

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13
Q

arranged LONGITUIDINALLY along lactiferous ducts

CIRCUMFERENTIALLY w/in nipple

A

smooth muscle

*permits erection of nipple in response to stimuli

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14
Q

area of skin surrounding nipple

A

areola

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15
Q

Glands in areola

A

areolar glands (between sweat gland and true mammary gland)

sweat gland

sebaceous gland

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16
Q

secretory units of mammary gland

A

alveoli

17
Q

located at the distal ends of INTRAlobular ducts and have cuboidal to sq epithelium

A

alveoli

18
Q

alveoli: merocrine secretion

A

secretory vesicle

19
Q

alveoli: apocrine secretion

A

fat droplets

20
Q

4-6 of these cells are found/alveolus and they encompass the epithelium

stellate

A

myoepithelial cells

21
Q

alveoli w/ flattened cuboidal epithelium
FEW secretory vesicles
SMALL fat droplets
extensive CT and adipose

A

INACTIVE gland

22
Q

what happens w/in the first trimester to mammary glands

A

intralobular ducts proliferate and BRANCH
increase in alveolar NUMBER
DECREASE in CT
infiltration of plasma cells

*lumens NOT distinct in first half of preg

23
Q

what happens to the alveolar epithelum during the LAST HALF of pregnancy and what becomes prominent

A

increases!

lumen becomes prominent

24
Q

rich in protein, low in lipid content

contains IgA

A

clostrum

25
Q

When does clostrum production occur?

A

last half of pregnancy

26
Q

active alevoli

A 
dilated lumen
cuboidal epithelium (smaller)

secretes milk!

27
Q

rich in lactose, protein, lipids

A

milk!!

28
Q

resting alveoli

A

small lumen

taller epithelium

29
Q

contract and allow for milk ejection into ducts

A

myoepithelial cells

30
Q

what happens during regression?

A

absorption of secretory products
decrease in size of alveoli
increase in CT adipose

31
Q

postmenopausal phenomena that leads to atrophpy of gland parenchyma and stroma and the remainder of FEW ducts

CT becomes DENSE

A

Involution

32
Q

what stage of life is cyst formation in the breast frequent?

A

postmenopausal involution

33
Q

stimulates duct proliferation

A

estradiol

34
Q

stimulates ALVEOLAR proliferation

A

progesterone

35
Q

furthers gland development in last HALF of pregnancy

A

prolactin

36
Q

stimulates casein production and lactose synthetase

A

prolactin

37
Q

what permits prolactin levels to be enhanced

A

dropping levels of progesteron and estrogen AFTER BIRTH

38
Q

increases PRL secretion by decreasing PIF

A

suckling reflex

39
Q

oxytocin release>

leads to myoepithelial contraction and accumulation of milk in lactiferous sinuses

A

milk ejection reflex

Endo/Repro: Week 5 (6 decks)

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