Double entry bookkeeping Flashcards

1
Q

What three principles are double-entry bookkeeping based on?

A

Dual effect principle
Separate entity principle
Accounting equation

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2
Q

What is the dual effect principle?

A

every transaction
two effects
debit/ credit entry
two equal and opposite effects

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3
Q

What is the separate entity concept?

A

separate from owner
personal money = Captial owed
money taken out = drawings reduce capital

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4
Q

What is the accounting equation?

A

assets = liabilities + capital

assets - liabilities = captial

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5
Q

What would increase the owner’s capital in the accounting equation?

A

profit

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6
Q

What would decrease the owner’s capital in the accounting equation?

A

drawings

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7
Q

What would the accounting equation be when taking profits and drawings into consideration?

A

assets - liabiltiies = capital + profit - drawings

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8
Q

What is an asset?

A

value controlled by business
tangible physical items
intangible items

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9
Q

What is a liability?

A

obligation to something of value

result of past transactions

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10
Q

What is equity?

A

residual interest
after wound up + assets sold + liabilities paid
paid back when ceases

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11
Q

What is income?

A

the inflow of economic benefit

e.g. sales revenue

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12
Q

What is an expense?

A

The outflow of economic benefits

purchasing goods/services

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13
Q

How does a business keep track of sales earned, purchases and expenses incurred?

A

records in an accounting system

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14
Q

What is the order of recording the transactions of a business?

A
business transactions
business document
books of prime entry 
ledger accounts
trial balance
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15
Q

What is a trial balance?

A

list of ledger accounts

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16
Q

What are the books of prime entry?

17
Q

What is a sales day book?

A

sales invoices - given period

18
Q

What is a sales returns day book?

A

credit notes - given period

19
Q

What is a purchase day book?

A

purchase invoices - given period

20
Q

What is a purchase returns day book?

A

supplier credit notes - given period

21
Q

What is a cash book?

A

cash receipts and payments
bookkeeping system
prime entry

22
Q

What are the discounts allowed day book?

A

not deducted from the invoice

conditional basis

23
Q

What are the discounts received day book?

A

not deducted from the invoice

purchases daybook

24
Q

What is the petty cash book?

A

petty or small payments

systematically

25
What is in the general ledger?
ledger accounts - transactions
26
What is the subsidiary ledger?
details behind entries | individual receivables/payables
27
What is the golden rule in double-entry bookkeeping?
debit = opposite credit
28
What are the steps for balancing off a ledger account?
step 1 - higher total - both debit and credit columns Step 2 - Balance carried down Step 3 - Balance brought down
29
What must the trial balance show?
debit balance total = credit balance total
30
Steps for preparing a trial balance?
Step 1 - balance off each ledger account Step 2 - balance - debit/ credit balance Step 3 - Total debit and credit balance
31
What is the purpose of a trial balance?
check on double entry basis: extended trial balance financial statements