Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems Flashcards
Drug Products or preparations containing the API and excipients
Dosage forms
Dosage Forms that does not contain any API
Placebo
Drug products that allow the uniform release and targeting of drugs into the body
Drug delivery systems
An agent intended for use in the diagnosis, mitigation, cure, treatment and/or prevention of disease in man and other animals
Drug
Non therapeutic or inactive ingredients which improve the physical characteristics and efficacy of a drug in a dosage form
Excipients/Additives/Adjuncts/Necessities
Any substance or preparation intended to be placed in contact with the external parts of the human, or wth the teeth, or mucous membranes of the oral cavity with a view exclusively or mainly to cleaning them, perfuming them, correcting body odors, changing appearance, protecting them, and keeping them in good condition.
Cosmetics
Felt in general area of administration
Common Route: Topical Solutions
Local effects
Occur in tissues distant from the site of contact between the body and the drug; drug must enter the bloodstream
Common Route: Oral route and Parenteral Route
Systemic effects
Mixtures of finely divided drugs and/or chemicals in a dry form
Powders
Classification of Powders: Very Coarse
No. 8
Classification of Powders: Coarse
No. 20
Classification of Powders: Moderately coarse
No. 40
Classification of Powders: Fine
No. 60
Classification of Powders: Very Fine
No. 80
Compounding of Powders:
Use of mortar and pestle
Trituration
Compounding of Powders:
Forming a paste by the addition of a small amount of non-solvent liquid
Levigation
Compounding of Powders:
Addition of volatile substance to a gummy material
Pulverization by intervention
Compounding of Powders:
Particle size reduction
Comminution
Compounding of Powders:
Blending of powders with a spatula on a tile or paper
Spatulation
Compounding of Powders:
Powders are passed through sifters
Sifting
Compounding of Powders:
Addition of equal volume of diluent to a potent substance in a mortar
Geometric dilution
Compounding of Powders:
Large containers rotated by a motorized process
Tumbling
Types of powders:
Dispensed in large doses
Bulk powders
Types of powders:
Dissolved in water prior to use
Oral powders
Types of powders:
Used to clean and polish teeth
Dentifrices
Types of powders:
Locally applied, non-toxic powders that have no systemic action
Dusting powders
Types of powders:
Dissolved in warm water prior to introduction into a body cavity
Douche powders
Types of powders:
Blown ito a body cavity (using insufflator)
Insufflations
Types of powders:
Dilutions of potent powdered drugs
Trituration
Types of powders:
Dispensed in individual doses (using block and divide method) usually in folded papers/Chartulae
Divided powders
Types of powder papers:
Opaque with no moisture resistance
Bond paper
Types of powder papers:
Thin, semi-opaque, moisture resistant
Vegetable parchment
Types of powder papers:
Glazed, transparent, moisture resistant
Glassine
Types of powder papers:
Transparent, waterproof
Waxed paper
Dry aggregates of powder particles
Granules
Granules size:
Normal: No. 4-12
Tablet: No. 12 - 20
