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Dosage Forms and DEA > Dosage Forms > Flashcards

Dosage Forms Flashcards

1
Q

Oral dosage forms

A

Tablets
Liquid

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2
Q

Tablet Qualities

A

Leave a chalky film on tray
Clean tray especially after penicillins and sulfa
Can be scored for breaking

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3
Q

Types of Tablets

A

Buccal (between cheek and gum)
Sublingual (under tongue)
Chewable

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4
Q

Absorption of Tablets

A

Enteric coated (dissolve in small intestine)
Troches and lozenges (held in mouth; absorbed over time)
Capsules (gelatin shell)
Effervescent (dissolve in water and drink)

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5
Q

Special note on gelatin shells

A

Gelatin shell attracts dust from the tray…clean it!

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6
Q

Release characteristics

A

IR (immediate) unless otherwise defined
Over time

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7
Q

CR

A

Controlled Release

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8
Q

ER/XR

A

Extended Release

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9
Q

LA release

A

Long Acting

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10
Q

DR

A

Delayed Release

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11
Q

SA release

A

Sustained Action

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12
Q

Liquid Formulations

A

Solution
Suspension
Reconstitutable
Elixir
Spirit
Syrup
Emulsion

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13
Q

Solution

A

Medicine equally distributed in water

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14
Q

Suspension

A

Settles to bottom - SHAKE WELL

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15
Q

Reconstitutable (type of suspension)

A

Comes powdered, add distilled water
Short shelf life; make when picked up
WAIT FOR PATIENT to reconstitute
Lasts 7-14 days
Often refrigerated

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16
Q

Elixir

A

Alcohol
Water
Active ingredient

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17
Q

Spirit

A

higher concentration of alcohol
water
active ingredient

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18
Q

Syrup

A

Sugar
Water
Active ingredient
Do not sweeten

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19
Q

Emulsion

A

Oil
Water
Active ingredient
SHAKE WELL

20
Q

Notes on shaking

A

Shake before giving to patient
Patient shakes before taking
Auxiliary label - “SHAKE WELL” for suspensions and emulsions
Use container not too big and not too small when reconstituting

21
Q

Roman numerals on bottles indicating size

A

i
ii
iv
vi
viii

22
Q

1 Fluid Once approximately equals

A

30 mL

23
Q

30 mL approximately equals

A

1 fl oz

24
Q

Topical Forms

A

Cream
Lotion
Ointment
Colloidon
Liniment
Matrix

25
Q

Cream

A

Absorbs fast
Small areas
provides little protection

26
Q

Lotion

A

Absorbs fast
Larger areas
More water content

27
Q

Ointment

A

Greasy
Absorbs slow
greater protection than cream or lotion

28
Q

Colloidon

A

Syrup-like liquid
Dries clear
Close small wounds, abrasions, cuts
(Liquid Band-Aid)

29
Q

Liniment

A

Typically for pain
Heat on large areas
Temporary relief of muscle pain
(Icy Hot)

30
Q

Matrix

A

Gel-like
Locks medicine in cube
Slowly releases active ingredient over time
(transdermal patch)

31
Q

Otic

A

Ear
Non-sterile
DO NOT PUT IN EYE

32
Q

Ophthalmic

A

Eye
ALWAYS STERILE
can be used in ear

33
Q

Wording Routes of Administration - ORAL

A

adult - TAKE X tabs by mouth
child - GIVE X tabs by mouth

34
Q

Wording Routes of Administration - EXTERNAL

A

APPLY to affected area

35
Q

Wording Routes of Administration - SUPPOSITORY

A

INSERT X into rectum/vagina

36
Q

Wording Routes of Administration - DROPS

A

INSTILL X drops into left/right/both eye(s)/ear(s)

37
Q

Wording Routes of Administration - NEBULIZER

A

USE X VIAL via nebulizer

38
Q

Wording Routes of Administration - INHALER

A

INHALE X PUFF(s) by mouth

39
Q

Wording Routes of Administration - NASAL SPRAY

A

INHALE X PUFF(s) into each nostril

40
Q

Prescription origins (4)

A

Written (typed, printed, handwritten)
Fax (KEEP HEADER AND FOOTER)
Phoned (ONLY PHARMACIST)
Electronic (secure link)

41
Q

Requirements of all non-controlled prescriptions

A

Doctor name/contact info
Doctor signature
Date
Patient name
Medication name
Medication strength
Medication dosage form
medication route of administration
Directions
Quantity
Refills
DAW

42
Q

Sample quantities

A

5

Disp 5
DTD 5 (give of 5 doses)
V
v
5
Five
Q.S. (quantity sufficient - dispense the necessary quantity to fill the prescription)

43
Q

DAW Code 0

A

0 - unchecked box
Dispense generic when available
Written for brand - it is legal and commonplace to dispense generic when available but required by law to have “GENERIC FOR” on label

44
Q

DAW Code 1

A

1 - checked box
“brand name medically necessary”
Doctor mandates to dispense brand

45
Q

DAW Code 2

A

2 - unchecked box
PATIENT wants brand name, so dispense brand

46
Q

Brand vs. Generic

A

BRAND - Patent for 12-15 years to recoup cost
GENERIC - same active/inactive ingredients
same pharmacokinetics
therapeutic equivalent

47
Q

Generics that are NOT as good as brand

A

Lanoxin - digoxin
Coumadin - warfarin sodium
Synthroid - levothyroxine sodium
very small change in dose can result in undesired consequences

Dosage Forms and DEA (2 decks)

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