Dosage Form Of Drugs Flashcards
Liquid
- Mixture.
- Tincture.
- Spirit.
- Suspension.
- Elixir.
- Emulsion.
- Extract
- Infusion: cold/warm water
- Decoction: boiling water
- Injection
- Liniment
- Lotion
Semisolid
- Ointment
- Cream
- Paste
- Electuary
Gases or vapors
- Aerosol
- Spray
- Mist
Powder
Mixture of drugs packaged in packets or sachets.
Tablet
Active drug combined with a binder and excipient. The mixture is compressed by a machine.
*Difference from pill is the shape.
Pill
Mixture of drugs and sticky binder in form of ovoid or spherical mass, which is provided with a glazed sugar coating.
*Difference from tablet is the shape.
Capsule
Container made of mixture of gelatin and glycerin and is suitable fir drugs in powdered form and certain liquid drugs.
Bolus
Large and cylindrical shape. Used for horses and cattle.
Mixture
Aqueous soltn. or susp. Intended for oral administeration. Aromatic water (ex: volatile oil such as peppermint or cinnamon) is added to prevent contamination with bacteria or mold.
Pessary
Conical solid preparation for intravaginal use in humans.
Suppository
Conical solid preparation given intrarectally for systemic effect in humans. It melts and releases its active ingredients after being introduced into the body.
Paste
Semisolid preparation for either external or use (on the skin) or internal use.
Electuary
Semisolid preparation, which is applied on the back of the tongue for a systemic effect.
Tincture
Alcoholic liquid preparation of a NONVOLATILE substance either for external or internal use.
Spirit
Alcoholic liquid preparation for a VOLATILE substance.
Suspension
Aqueous suspension of solids and usually contains a dispersing agent (gum tagacanth or methylcellulose) to delay settling. The bottle should contain the phrase “shale well before use”
Syrup
Soltn. Of medicinal agents, flavoring and coloring agents in an 85% sucrose soltn. (More than 50% sucrose).
Elixir
Hydroalcoholic soltn. Of medicinal agents that have been sweetened and flavored. (It has a better keeping quality than a mixture because of high alcohol content.)
Emulsion
Consists of an oily substance dispersed in an aqueous medium with an emulsifying or a dispersing agent. (Gum acacia, methlycellulose, or lecithin.)
Extract
Obtained by passing the solvent over the dried plant material (percolation) then evaporation of the solvent , or placing the crude material in the solvent until the active substances are extracted (maceration). Cold water=INFUSION, Boiling water=DECOCTION
Injections
Sterile soltn. Or susp. In an aqueous.
Ex: cefazolin.
Tablets for injections are somewhat similar to powder in vials.
Repository Forms
Slow release form
Sustained release forms prolong effective drug concentration in the body by providing for sustained release from the dosage form.
Liniment
Liquid or semisolid preparation to be applied on the skin with friction (rubbing); generally contains counterirritants used in chronic inflammation of muscles and tendons.
Lotion
Soltn. Or susp. Of soothing substance to be applied on the skin in acute inflammation to relieve pain.
