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Lower Limb Anatomy > Dorsum - Lab > Flashcards

Dorsum - Lab Flashcards

1
Q

what forms the medial marginal vein?

A

medial dorsal digital vein of the great toe AND dorsal venous arch

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2
Q

where does the great saphenous vein begin?

A

anterior to the medial malleolus

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3
Q

what forms the lateral marginal vein?

A

lateral dorsal digital vein of the fifth toe AND dorsal venous arch

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4
Q

where does the lateral marginal vein become the small saphenous vein?

A

inferior to the lateral malleolus

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5
Q

how many dorsal metatarsal veins are there?

A

4 - located in metatarsal spaces

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6
Q

where do the dorsal metatarsal veins terminate?

A

dorsal venous arch

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7
Q

what is the origin of the dorsal metatarsal veins?

A

dorsal digital veins of the toes

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8
Q

the saphenous nerve branches from what nerve?

A

the saphenous nerve is a sensory branch of the femoral nerve

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9
Q

what follows the great saphenous vein in the leg along the lateral side?

A

spahenous n

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10
Q

what n. follows the small saphenous v. in the leg?

A

sural n.

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11
Q

what do you call the continuation of the sural n. on the lateral side of the foot?

A

lateral dorsal cutaneous n. of the foot

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12
Q

what is the name of the n. on the lateral side of the 5th toe and from what n. does it originate?

A

10th dorsal digital n. originates from the lateral dorsal cutaneous n. of the foot

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13
Q

On occassion the lateral dorsal cutaneous n. will give rise to or anastomose with what n. ?

A

intermediate dorsal cutaneous n.

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14
Q

what n. is located on the anterior surface of ankle joint?

A

superficial peroneal n.

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15
Q

what are the terminal branches of the superficial peroneal n.?

A

medial dorsal cutaneous n. AND intermediate dorsal cutaneous n.

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16
Q

the medial terminal branch of the deep peroneal communicates with what nerves?

A

saphenous n. and medial terminal branch of the deep peroneal

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17
Q

what does the medial dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot give rise to?

A

1st dorsal digital n. AND 1st common dorsal digital n.

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18
Q

how many dorsal digital branches does the medial dorsal cutaneous n. give rise to? common dorsal digital branches?

A

one one

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19
Q

what innervates the medial side of the great toe?

A

1st common dorsal digital n.

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20
Q

what nerve do the 4th and 5th dorsal digital nerves come from?

A

1st common dorsal digital

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21
Q

the space between toes two and three is innervated by what nerves?

A

4th and 5th dorsal digital nn.

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22
Q

what does the intermediate dorsal cutaneous n. divide into?

A

2nd and 3rd common dorsal digital nn.

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23
Q

what n. is associated with intermetatarsal space 3?

A

2nd common dorsal digital n.

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24
Q

what n. is associated with intermetatarsal space 4?

A

3rd common dorsal digital n.

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25
Q

The 10th dorsal digital n. originates from what n?

A

lateral dorsal cutaneous n.

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26
Q

The 8th dorsal digital n. originates from what n. ?

A

3rd common dorsal digital n. which originates from the intermediate dorsal cutaneous n. which originates from the superficial peroneal n.

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27
Q

what n. enters the foot from below the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

deep peroneal n.

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28
Q

what are the two terminal branches of the deep peroneal n.?

A

the lateral and medial terminal branches of the deep peroneal n.

29
Q

what supplies the motor innervation to the extensor digitorum brevis ?

A

lateral terminal branch of the deep peroneal n.

30
Q

the a. running laterally with the lateral terminal branch of the deep peroneal n. is a branch off of what a.?

A

lateral tarsal branch OF the dorsalis pedis a.

31
Q

which branch of the deep peroneal a. reaches the first intermetatarsal space?

A

medial terminal branch

32
Q

the 2nd an 3rd dorsal digital n. are branches off of what n?

A

medial terminal branch of the deep peroneal n.

33
Q

the deep fascia is aka ?

A

crural fascia

34
Q

the superior and inferior extensor retinacula are thickenings of what?

A

crural fascia

35
Q

what retinaculum lies superior to the level of the malleoli and courses b/w the tibia and fibula?

A

superior extensor retinaculum

36
Q

what tendons pass under the superior extensor retinaculum?

A

4 extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucis longus peroneus tertius tibialis anterior

37
Q

which retinaculum is described as a y-shaped band?

A

inferior extensor retinaculum

38
Q

the stem part of the ‘y’ retinaculum is know as what?

A

frondiform ligament

39
Q

where does the frondiform ligament attach?

A

lateral surface of the calcaneus at sinus tarsi and sinus canal

40
Q

the superomedial limb of inferior extensor retinaculum attaches where? inferomedial limb?

A

superior - medial malleolus inferior - blends with deep fascia along medial side of foot at cuneonavicular jt

41
Q

how often is there a superolateral limb to the inferior extensor retinaculum?

A

25% if present it extends up to the lateral malleolus it found gives the inferior extensor retinaculum an X/cruciate shape

42
Q

what surround tendons of the extensor muscles?

A

synovial sheaths

43
Q

how many synovial sheaths can be found below the inferior extensor retinaculum?

A

3 1 - tibialis anterior tendon 1- extensor hallucis longus 1 - peroneus tertius and extensory digitorum longus

44
Q

how many tendons does the extensor digitorum brevis have?

A

3 to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th toes at times the medial tendon has a separate belly called the extensor hallucis brevis

45
Q

The tendons of the extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitorum brevis join what other tendons?

A

join the lateral side of the tendons of the extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus

46
Q

what is the continuation of the anterior tibial a. in the foot?

A

dorsalis pedis a.

47
Q

what a. is usually the first and largest branch of the dorsalis pedis?

A

lateral tarsal a. usually arises from the lateral side of the dorsalis pedis near the distal border of the inferior extensor retinaculum courses deep to extensor digitorum brevis m.

48
Q

the lateral tarsal a. has communicating branches with what a?

A

perforating branch of the peroneal a. also anastomoses with the terminal part of the arcuate a.

49
Q

the peroneal a. is a branch of what a.?

A

posterior tibial a.

50
Q

what are the 1-2 very small aa. that may be seen arising from the medial side of the dorsalis pedis as it courses over the navicular bone?

A

medial tarsal aa.

51
Q

what does the medial tarsal a. connect with?

A

medial malleolar rete (plexus of arteries superficial to the medial malleolar)

52
Q

the arcuate a. is a continuation of what a.?

A

dorsalis pedis

53
Q

is the arcuate a. superficial or deep to the extensor digitorum brevis and longus?

A

deep the arcuate a. arises near the base of the 2nd metatarsal and courses laterally, deep to the extensor digitorum longus and brevis

54
Q

which a. arise directly from the arcuate a.?

A

(3) 2nd, 3rd, and 4th dorsal metatarsal a.

55
Q

what supplies the dorsal interosseous mm?

A

dorsal metatarsal a. (course directly across the anterior surface of these m.)

56
Q

each dorsal metatarsal a gives rise to what a?

A

two dorsal digital arteries

57
Q

the dorsal digital aa. eventually anastomose with what aa?

A

proper plantar aa.

58
Q

which arteries originate from the plantar arch and perforate dorsally to join the proximal ends of the dorsal metatarsal arteries?

A

proximal/posterior perforating branches

59
Q

what arteries do the dorsal metatarsal aa receive at the distal end?

A

distal/anterior perforating branches (branches of the plantar metatarsal aa)

60
Q

where can you find the distal perforating branches?

A

lateral sides of the tendons of the dorsal interossei m.

61
Q

when do the dorsal metatarsal arteries become known as the common dorsal digital aa?

A

after receiving the perforating branches

62
Q

two dorsal digital arteries arise from one artery known as what?

A

common dorsal digital arteries

63
Q

what are the two terminal branches of the dorsalis pedis artery?

A

first dorsal metatarsal a AND deep plantar a.

64
Q

the 1st dorsal digital artery arises from what a.?

A

1st dorsal metatarsal goes to the medial side of 1st toe

65
Q

which perforating branches does the 1st dorsal metatarsal a. receive?

A

only the distal perforating branch does not receive a proximal perforating branch since the deep plantar a. takes it place

66
Q

the 1st common dorsal digital a. is formed when?

A

1st dorsal metatasal a. is joined by a distal perforating branch

67
Q

what n. courses with the lateral tarsal a. to provide branches to extensor digitorum brevis m.?

A

lateral terminal branch of the deep peroneal n.

68
Q

the 1st common dorsal digital a. terminates into what?

A

2nd and 3rd dorsal digital a.

69
Q

what a. is found piercing through the interosseous membrane to gain access to the dorsal part of the foot?

A

perforating branch of the peroneal a. usually small but on occasion is lg and takes over the vascular supply of dorsal foot

Lower Limb Anatomy (7 decks)

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