Doors, Windows, and Glazing Flashcards
Door Types:
• Wood: most popular, waterproof adhesive exterior, and water resistant adhesives
in the interiors
• Flush: solid core or hollow core door
• Panel: wood plywood, glass, or fixed wood lovers, section held in place by
stiles or rails
• Steel Flush Doors: faced of painted sheet steel are most common in nonresidential
buildings, permitted to have hollow cores inside, but solid cores are required for
outside/fire protection
• Hollow Metal: steel frame covered with sheet metal, and are rigid, permanent, and
meet andy fire rating
• Metal Clad: Solid wood core covered with sheet metal
• Aluminum: Used in curtain wall/storefront applications, rarely used for fire doors
• Speciality: Lead lined X-ray shielding doors, cold storage doors, bank vault doors
glass doors must be tempered. what is tempering
Tempering puts the outer surfaces into compression and the inner surfaces into tension. Such stresses cause the glass, when broken, to crumble into small granular chunks instead of splintering into jagged shards. The granular chunks are less likely to cause injury.
• Fire doors serve four main purposes:
- Serve as a regular door at all times
- Provide ready egress during a fire
- Keep fire from spreading throughout the building • Protect life and property
Panic hardware:
Push bars are usually 3/4 the width of a door leaf and allow door to unlatch when pressure is applied
four basic types of door hinges
full mortise
half mortise
full surface
half surface
ball bearing hinges are requried for
- heavy application doors
- fire rated assemblies
- all doors with closers
rule of thumb for hinge width
width of hinge equals twice the door thickness, plus trim projection, minus1/2 in
-if the fraction fall between standard sizes, use next larger size
back set
the distance fromt he edge of the door to the center line of the doorknob or pivot of a level handle is called the backset
-standard backets are 2 3/4” and 5 in
number of hinges are determined by…
heigh of door
-doors up to 60 in high require two hinges (1pair)
door 60 in to 90 in require 3
-doors 90 in to 120 in high require 4
astragal
vertical members used between double doors to seal the opneing, act as a door stop, or provide extra security when the doors are closed
coordinator
- device used for double doors
- mounted in or on the head of the frame, coordinating the closing sequence of the doors so that they close completely, rather than having the leaf with the astragal close first, preventing the other leaf from closing
true or false. flush botls are allowed on exit doors
false
flush botls are not allowed on exit doors
• Locking devices:
- Beveled: latch
- Rectangular: dead bolt.
- When a bolt is used with a latch: lock.
- Lockset types: cylindrical, unit, rim and mortise
Electronic Door Hardware
- electric locks and Latches
- electric bolts
- card readers
- keypad devices
- Magnetic hold open devices
Doors and hardware are higly regulated by the building codes. Requirements generally fall into 3 major categories:
1) exiting requirements
2) fire rated assemblies
3) access requirements
Doors, frames, and hardware are tested by
the standard test for doors is …
NFPA 252
When fire doors are closed, they must be secured with an …
active latch bolt.
-this is to secure the door during a fire, preventing fire and gas pressure from pushing the door open
operating devices on doors, including door handles, pulls, latches, and locks, mist be installed on the door a minimum of
34 in
max 48 in AFF
locks used for security purposes only can be installed at any height along the door
When glass is installed in a fire door, what kind of glass must it be
-wired glass set in metal frames or special fire-protection-rated glass
general requirements for a fire door
- fire rated door assembly must have a label attached to door and fram
- a fire door must be self latching
- all hardware must be UL listed
- a fire door must be self closing, codes permit door to be held open if closer is attached to an apporived smoke or fire detector
- a fire door must use steel hinges of ball bearing type
- if double door are used, astragals are required
- glass in fire rated doors must conform to requirements of local code
- louvers must conform to UL requirements for maximum size and construction
accessiblity requirements for doors and hardware include:
- mimimum width, clear of hardware of an opened door must be 32 in
- adequate maneuvering clearance in from of and on the latch side of the door to operate it
- there must be a minimum of 48 in between two dooes in a series when they are open 90 degrees
- the max opening force required for various types of doors is specified by the code
- handles and latches must have a shape that is easy to grasp and use; usually lever handles and push-pull type mechanism
- thresholds with a change in level may have a vertical edge up to 1/4 in high, but must be beveled with a slope of 1:2 for heights from 1/4 in to 1/2 in
Disadvantages of aluminum windows
susceptibility ot galvanic action and its high heat conduction
galvanic action can be minimized ot eliminiated with the proper selection of fasteners and flashing
heat conduction can be minimized with thermal breaks
annealed glass
Annealing is a process of slowly cooling glass to relieve internal stresses after it was formed. The process may be carried out in a temperature-controlled kiln known as a lehr.[1] Glass which has not been annealed is liable to crack or shatter when subjected to a relatively small temperature change or mechanical shock. Annealing glass is critical to its durability. If glass is not annealed, it will retain many of the thermal stresses caused by quenching and significantly decrease the overall strength of the glass.
