Doors, Windows, and Glazing

Question 1

Door Types:

Answer 1

• Wood: most popular, waterproof adhesive exterior, and water resistant adhesives
in the interiors
• Flush: solid core or hollow core door
• Panel: wood plywood, glass, or fixed wood lovers, section held in place by
stiles or rails
• Steel Flush Doors: faced of painted sheet steel are most common in nonresidential
buildings, permitted to have hollow cores inside, but solid cores are required for
outside/fire protection
• Hollow Metal: steel frame covered with sheet metal, and are rigid, permanent, and
meet andy fire rating
• Metal Clad: Solid wood core covered with sheet metal
• Aluminum: Used in curtain wall/storefront applications, rarely used for fire doors
• Speciality: Lead lined X-ray shielding doors, cold storage doors, bank vault doors

Question 2

glass doors must be tempered. what is tempering

Answer 2

Tempering puts the outer surfaces into compression and the inner surfaces into tension. Such stresses cause the glass, when broken, to crumble into small granular chunks instead of splintering into jagged shards. The granular chunks are less likely to cause injury.

Question 3

• Fire doors serve four main purposes:

Answer 3

• Serve as a regular door at all times
• Provide ready egress during a fire
• Keep fire from spreading throughout the building • Protect life and property

Question 4

Panic hardware:

Answer 4

Push bars are usually 3/4 the width of a door leaf and allow door to unlatch when pressure is applied

Question 5

four basic types of door hinges

Answer 5

full mortise

half mortise

full surface

half surface

Question 6

ball bearing hinges are requried for

Answer 6

• heavy application doors
• fire rated assemblies
• all doors with closers

Question 7

rule of thumb for hinge width

Answer 7

width of hinge equals twice the door thickness, plus trim projection, minus1/2 in

-if the fraction fall between standard sizes, use next larger size

Question 8

back set

Answer 8

the distance fromt he edge of the door to the center line of the doorknob or pivot of a level handle is called the backset

-standard backets are 2 3/4” and 5 in

Question 9

number of hinges are determined by…

Answer 9

heigh of door

-doors up to 60 in high require two hinges (1pair)

door 60 in to 90 in require 3

-doors 90 in to 120 in high require 4

Question 10

astragal

Answer 10

vertical members used between double doors to seal the opneing, act as a door stop, or provide extra security when the doors are closed

Question 11

coordinator

Answer 11

• device used for double doors
• mounted in or on the head of the frame, coordinating the closing sequence of the doors so that they close completely, rather than having the leaf with the astragal close first, preventing the other leaf from closing

Question 12

true or false. flush botls are allowed on exit doors

Answer 12

false

flush botls are not allowed on exit doors

Question 13

• Locking devices:

Answer 13

• Beveled: latch
• Rectangular: dead bolt.
• When a bolt is used with a latch: lock.
• Lockset types: cylindrical, unit, rim and mortise

Question 14

Electronic Door Hardware

Answer 14

• electric locks and Latches
• electric bolts
• card readers
• keypad devices
• Magnetic hold open devices

Question 15

Doors and hardware are higly regulated by the building codes. Requirements generally fall into 3 major categories:

Answer 15

1) exiting requirements
2) fire rated assemblies
3) access requirements

Question 16

Doors, frames, and hardware are tested by

Question 17

the standard test for doors is …

Answer 17

NFPA 252

Question 18

When fire doors are closed, they must be secured with an …

Answer 18

active latch bolt.

-this is to secure the door during a fire, preventing fire and gas pressure from pushing the door open

Question 19

operating devices on doors, including door handles, pulls, latches, and locks, mist be installed on the door a minimum of

Answer 19

34 in

max 48 in AFF

locks used for security purposes only can be installed at any height along the door

Question 20

When glass is installed in a fire door, what kind of glass must it be

Answer 20

-wired glass set in metal frames or special fire-protection-rated glass

Question 21

general requirements for a fire door

Answer 21

• fire rated door assembly must have a label attached to door and fram
• a fire door must be self latching
• all hardware must be UL listed
• a fire door must be self closing, codes permit door to be held open if closer is attached to an apporived smoke or fire detector
• a fire door must use steel hinges of ball bearing type
• if double door are used, astragals are required
• glass in fire rated doors must conform to requirements of local code
• louvers must conform to UL requirements for maximum size and construction

Question 22

accessiblity requirements for doors and hardware include:

Answer 22

• mimimum width, clear of hardware of an opened door must be 32 in
• adequate maneuvering clearance in from of and on the latch side of the door to operate it
• there must be a minimum of 48 in between two dooes in a series when they are open 90 degrees
• the max opening force required for various types of doors is specified by the code
• handles and latches must have a shape that is easy to grasp and use; usually lever handles and push-pull type mechanism
• thresholds with a change in level may have a vertical edge up to 1/4 in high, but must be beveled with a slope of 1:2 for heights from 1/4 in to 1/2 in

Question 23

Disadvantages of aluminum windows

Answer 23

susceptibility ot galvanic action and its high heat conduction

galvanic action can be minimized ot eliminiated with the proper selection of fasteners and flashing

heat conduction can be minimized with thermal breaks

Question 24

annealed glass

Answer 24

Annealing is a process of slowly cooling glass to relieve internal stresses after it was formed. The process may be carried out in a temperature-controlled kiln known as a lehr.[1] Glass which has not been annealed is liable to crack or shatter when subjected to a relatively small temperature change or mechanical shock. Annealing glass is critical to its durability. If glass is not annealed, it will retain many of the thermal stresses caused by quenching and significantly decrease the overall strength of the glass.

Question 25

float glass

Answer 25

• very common
• made by pouring molten glass on a bed of molten tin and slowly ooled, forming a smooth flat surface

Question 26

heat strenghtened glass

Answer 26

• produced by heating glass to about 1100 deg F and slowly cooling
• twice the strength of float glass (annealed)
• used where the surface is subject to solar induced thermal stresses and cyclic windloading

Question 27

glass used when sound control is desired

Answer 27

laminated glass

Question 28

solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC)

Answer 28

the ratio of the olar heat gain through a specific fenestration to the solar heat gain through a pane of 1/8 in clear glass under identical conidtions

SHGC is a value between 0.0 and 0.87

Question 29

low iron glass

Answer 29

• reduced amount of iron oxidem which gives light green cast to ordinary float glass
• offers exceptional clarity, optimal light transmission, and excellents color transmission

Question 30

true or false. wire glass can be tempered and can qualify as safety glazing for hazardous materials

Answer 30

false. wire glass cannot be tempered and does not qualify as safety glazing for hazardous locations

Question 31

aside from wire glass, what are the 4 additional types of fire rated glass

Answer 31

• clear cerami: higher impact resistance than wire glass; low expansion coefficient
• special tempered fire protective glass

two oro three layers of tempered glass with a clear polymer gel between them; during a fire the gel foams and turn opaque

-glass block

Question 32

for glass used in fire resistance rated partitions, the IBC differentiates between two types of glazing:

Answer 32

fire-protection-rated-glazing

fire-resistance rated glazing

Question 33

fire-protection-rated-glazing

Answer 33

1/4 in thick wired glass

• must have 45 minute rating and is limited to 1-hour rated fire partition
• limited 25% of the common wall within any room using glazing

Question 34

the space in which the door closes in a door frame is called the …

Answer 34

rabbet

Question 35

a slip joint is ued in the head of an aluminum storefornt system to…

Answer 35

accommodate the deflection of the structure

Question 36

which of the following type of glass is the strongest

a. laminated
b. annealed
c. tempered
d. heat strengthened

Answer 36

a. laminated

Question 37

Which type of lock would be most appropriate for an entry door into an office suite

a. cylindrical lock
b. unit lock
c. mortise lock
d. rim lock

Answer 37

c. mortise lock
- most flexibility in the number of operating functions available and is a very durable type of lockset
- next best would be cylindrical lockset

Question 38

emergency escape and rescue openeings must be provided in all sleeping areas in residential occupancies.

what are the requirements for such openings

Answer 38

-minimum width - 20 in

minimum opening height - 24 in

minimum net clear opening - 5.0 sq ft (ground floor) 5.7 sq ft (upper floors)

maximum sill height - 44 in

-awning windows are not acceptable for emergency use

Question 39

The type of lockset that is most secure is…

Answer 39

mortise locks

-thy are most secure because the mechanism is concealed within the leaf of the door

Question 40

WHat is the significance of Burnham and Root’s Reliance Building in Chicago and completed in 1895?

Answer 40

c. it features curtain wall and large Chicago Style windows, and its facade expresses the pattern of the building’s structural frame

Question 41

an architect is designing a 10 story building and is analyzing the options for the cladding system. She has determined that the building will have a prefabricated curtain wall made of aluminum with a cariety of glass vision and spandrel panels. ALthough the structural grid of the building is very regular, to add visual interest to the facade the panels will be a variety of sizes. Which type of curtain wall system woulf be the least desirable choce for this application?

a. stick
b. unit and mullion
c. panel
d. unit

Answer 41

c. panel

a panel system us economical and practical only for structures with large numbers of identical panels