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MLS Blood Bank > Donor Collections and Testing > Flashcards

Donor Collections and Testing Flashcards

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1
Q 
If a prospective blood donor has participated in a pheresis donation (platelets, plasma, granulocytes), at least how much time must pass before they can donate whole blood?
A. 56 days 
B. 48 hrs
C. 24 hrs
D. 4 weeks
A

B. 48 hrs

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2
Q 
A whole blood donor who has taken Tegison should be:
A. accepted
B. deferred for 3 months 
C. permanently deferred 
D. deferred for 6 months
A

C. permanently deferred

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3
Q 
Which of the following donors is eligible to donate whole blood today?
A. Accidental needle stick 8 months ago 
B. Ear piercing 11 months ago 
C. BM transplant 18 months ago 
D. Hep B vaccine last weel
A

C. BM transplant 18 months ago

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4
Q

A woman received a transfusion of packed RBCs while delivering her baby. Six months later she wanted to donate a unit of blood back to the American Red Cross. If the woman meets all other criteria for donation, is she allowed to donate at this time?
A. Yes, she can donate at this time
B. No, she needs to wait for 3 more months
C. No, she needs to wait for 6 more months
D. No, she should be on permanent deferral

A

C. No, she needs to wait for 6 more months

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5
Q 
A patient who recently stopped taking clopidogrel (Plavix) needs to donate platelets. How long must the patient defer donation after completing the medication?
A. 24 hours
B. 48 hours 
C. 7 days
D. 14 days
A

D. 14 days

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6
Q

What is the minimum hemoglobin level for a potential allogeneic donor?

A

12.5 g/dL

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7
Q

What is the minimum hemoglobin level for a potential autologous donor?

A

11 g/dL

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8
Q 
Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) is performed for which of the following?
A. HIV, WNV, HCV, and HBV
B. HIV, HCV, HBV, Syphillis
C. HIV, HBV, WNV, CMV
D. HIV, HTLV I,II, HCV
A

A. HIV, WNV, HCV, and HBV

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9
Q

Packed RBCs must have a final hematocrit of less than or equal to:

A

80%

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10
Q

Leukoreduced packed RBCs must have an absolute white blood cell count of less than _____ and contain at least what percent of original RBC mass?

A

5 x 10^6; 85%

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11
Q

What is the minimal pH required for platelets?

A

6.2

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12
Q

What is the expiration time for platelet concentrates that have been pooled?

A

4 hours

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13
Q 
Which of the following are approved preservative solutions for blood storage at 1°C to 6°C for 21 days?
A. ACD
B. CPD
C. CP2D
D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

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14
Q

A blood donor with a history of hepatitis B should be excluded for how long?

A

Permanently

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15
Q

Methods of preparation of platelet concentrates from single units of whole blood must produce a product that yields a minimum of:

A

5.5 x 10^10 platelets per unit in 75% of units tested

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16
Q

An autologous unit should be donated what time period prior to the patients surgery/need?

A

72 hours

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17
Q

Which of the following statements explains why bacterial contamination of blood is rarely a problem?
A. Regulated procedures for arm preparation prevent most bacteria contamination
B. Citrate in the anticoagulant is not conducive to bacterial growth.
C. The cold storage of blood is not conducive to bacterial growth.
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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18
Q

Which organism is responsible for transmitting Chagas disease?

A

T. cruzi

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19
Q

The following blood donors regularly give blood. Which donor may donate on September 11th?
A. A 40-year-old woman who last donated on July 25th
B. A 28-year-old man who had plateletpheresis on August 24th
C. A 52-year-old man who made an autologous donation on September 9th
D. A 23-year-old woman who made a direct donation for her aunt on August 14th

A

B. A 28-year-old man who had plateletpheresis on August 24th

A - needs to wait 8 weeks total
C - must wait at least 2 days
D - needs to wait 8 weeks total

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20
Q

How many times can a person meeting all the optimal criteria donate an apheresis unit of platelets per year?

A

24 times

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21
Q

A world traveler came in to do a directed donation for his sister when he found out she needed surgery for her hip. After spending 5 weeks in Europe, he traveled extensively throughout Africa. How should his case be handled?

A

He would not be able to donate, because all directed donors must meet the same criteria as allogeneic donors.

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22
Q

The new international bar code system that most blood banks are converting to is:

A

ISBT

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23
Q

Donation method: Single product or combination of products

A

Apheresis

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24
Q

Donation method: 1 PRBC + 1 plasma + 1 plt concentrate (optional) + 1 single cryo (optional)

A

Single WB donations

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25
What are three things always done in a physical exam?
Temperature, arm inspection, and Hgb or Hct
26
What is the max amount of blood that is collected from a donor?
10.5 mL/kg of donor weight
27
Donation interval: After WB donation
8 weeks
28
Donation interval: After 2 units RBC collection
16 weeks
29
Donation interval: Infrequent plasmapheresis
4 weeks
30
Donation interval: Plasma-, platelet-, or leukapheresis
At least 48 hours (8 weeks if 1 unit of RBCs also drawn)
31
What is the waiting period for a woman who has recently had a baby?
6 weeks
32
Medical deferral: Plavix and Ticlid
14 days
33
Medical deferral: Acne treatments (Acutane and Amnestine)
1 month
34
Medical deferral: Hair loss treatment
1 month
35
Medical deferral: Tegison Psoriasis treatment
Permanently deferred
36
Medical deferral: Hepatitis exposure treatment
12 months
37
Medical deferral: Growth hormone from human pituitary glands
Permanently deferred
38
Accept or reject - Donor had a first-trimester therapeutic abortion 4 weeks ago.
Reject - 6 weeks
39
Accept or reject - Donor had a tattoo 9 months ago at tattoo shop regulated by state health department.
Accept - regulated shop
40
Accept or reject - Donor treated for gonorrhea 6 months ago.
Reject - 12 months
41
Accept or reject - Donor with needlestick injury 10 months ago
Reject - 12 months
42
Accept or reject - 65 yo male who used IV drugs when he was 16 yo.
Reject - never can donate
43
Accept or reject - Donor was taking Accutane. Stopped 3 months ago.
Accept - 1 month
44
Accept or reject - Donor donated a double unit of red cells by apheresis 10 weeks ago.
Reject - 16 weeks
45
Accept or reject - Donor took Tegison 10 years ago for Psoriasis.
Reject - never can donate
46
What is the criteria for blood collection equipment (aka blood bags)?
``` Must be: Sterile Pyrogen free ID'd with lot # and exp. date Flexible Transparent Resistant to damage ```
47
Name the anticoagulant: CPD; What's the RBC exp. date?
citrate phosphate dextrose - most common; 21 days
48
Name the anticoagulant: CP2D; What's the RBC exp. date?
CPD with double dextrose; 21 days
49
Name the anticoagulant: CPDA-1; What's the RBC exp. date?
CPD with added adenine for extending the life of the product ; 35 days vs 21 days
50
Name the anticoagulant: ACD-A/B; What is the RBC exp. date?
Anticoagulant citrate dextrose; 21 days
51
How long do preservatives extend the RBC expiration date?
To 42 days
52
How do preservatives work to extend exp. date?
They provide extra nutrients for RBC metabolic function
53
What is the classic method for collecting a blood donation?
Scrub site with iodophor (0.7%) scrub solution for 30 seconds using concentric spiral motion, let stand for 30 seconds, cover site with sterile gauze until ready and repeat if site is compromised
54
What are the steps of automated apheresis collection?
1) WB is removed, mixed w/ anticoagulant and separated into components 2) Desired component is removed and modified 3) Remainder of blood is returned to the donor
55
What is the QC criteria for platelet apheresis donation?
3 x10^11 platelets in 90% of units
56
How much plasma is collected for platelet apheresis?
Less than or equal to 500 mL
57
What is the criteria for RBC loss for serial plasma apheresis donors?
RBC loss <200 mL RBCs removed/8 weeks
58
What additional things are measured at initial procedure and every 4 months for a serial plasma apheresis donor?
Total plasma protein and quantity of Igs
59
For RBC apheresis collection, donations are collected in combo. T or F?
True
60
For RBC apheresis collection, saline is infused to decrease the volume depletion. T or F?
True
61
What is the QC regulation for RBC apheresis?
95% units must meet manufacturer's product specifications
62
What is the weight requirement for female donors - for RBC apheresis?
150 lbs
63
What is the weight requirement for male donors - for RBC apeheresis?
130 lbs
64
What is the minimum donor Hct - for RBC apheresis?
min 40% Hct
65
What is the max amount of absolute blood loss allowed per 8 week interval for - for RBC apheresis?
300 mL/8 week interval
66
What is the deferral for RBC apheresis if the donor recently donated WB unit or any other type of apheresis?
8 weeks
67
What is the deferral for RBC apheresis if the donor recently donated a double RBC donation?
16 weeks
68
What is the minimum Hgb/Hct for autologous donations?
11 g/dL, 33%
69
What is a major pro for autologous donations?
For patients with rare blood types, the blood can be frozen and used when needed
70
What are some major cons for autologous donations?
H&H could be too low for surgery which leads to an increased risk of ischemic incident (some people have religious reasons to deny allogeneic donations)
71
What is the criteria for directed donations?
They must follow the same criteria as volunteer donors unless otherwise approved by a physician; Donations for blood relatives are irradiated
72
What is done post donation; what are the instructions given to the donor?
``` Must wait 15 min for observation Instructions: - No smoking or drinking alcohol - Eat/drink before leaving - Drinks lots of fluids - Leave bandage on for a few hours - Avoid strenuous activities - Avoid hot tubs - Contact physician or donation center if ill after ```
73
What is the percentage of donors that have adverse reactions?
3.5%
74
Types of donor adverse reactions?
- Systemic (vasovagal) - Brusing/hematoma - Fatigue - Nerve injury - Arterial puncture - DVT
75
For donor ID serology testing, if the initial screen is non-reactive what is the next step?
It is okay to transfuse
76
For donor ID serology testing, if the initial screen is reactive what is the next step?
Repeat assay in duplicate (false positives are more common) > negative after repeat, ok to transfuse
77
If a donor ID test comes back repeatedly reactive what is the next step?
Supplemental confirmatory tests need to be done | - Confirmatory test required for HBsAg, anti-HIV 1, anti-HCV, and anti T. cruzi Ab
78
What is a major pro of NAT for donor ID testing?
It decreases the window/ incubation periods
79
What is the next step taken if a sample in a mini pool tests positive for an NAT?
The donation is discarded and the donor is deferred immediately - FDA doesn't approve repeat testing
80
For which diseases would we do a product retrieval if donor found to be positive?
HIV, HCV, Chagas, WNV, HTLV, HBsAg, HBc, and bacterial positives
81
T or F? Leuk-reduced components are considered CMV safe.
True
82
Who should receive CMV negative transfusions?
Low birth weight premature infants from CMV- moms CMV- recipients of HPCs CMV- pregnant women Recipients of intrauterine transfusions Organ transplant recipients from CMV- donors CMV neg AIDS patients
83
What are the three required sets of testing for every donation?
- ABO/Rh testing - Antibody screen - ID required of AS pos - Infectious disease testing (ID testing)

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