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MLS Blood Bank > Donor Collections and Testing > Flashcards

Donor Collections and Testing Flashcards

1
Q 
If a prospective blood donor has participated in a pheresis donation (platelets, plasma, granulocytes), at least how much time must pass before they can donate whole blood?
A. 56 days 
B. 48 hrs
C. 24 hrs
D. 4 weeks
A

B. 48 hrs

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2
Q 
A whole blood donor who has taken Tegison should be:
A. accepted
B. deferred for 3 months 
C. permanently deferred 
D. deferred for 6 months
A

C. permanently deferred

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3
Q 
Which of the following donors is eligible to donate whole blood today?
A. Accidental needle stick 8 months ago 
B. Ear piercing 11 months ago 
C. BM transplant 18 months ago 
D. Hep B vaccine last weel
A

C. BM transplant 18 months ago

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4
Q

A woman received a transfusion of packed RBCs while delivering her baby. Six months later she wanted to donate a unit of blood back to the American Red Cross. If the woman meets all other criteria for donation, is she allowed to donate at this time?
A. Yes, she can donate at this time
B. No, she needs to wait for 3 more months
C. No, she needs to wait for 6 more months
D. No, she should be on permanent deferral

A

C. No, she needs to wait for 6 more months

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5
Q 
A patient who recently stopped taking clopidogrel (Plavix) needs to donate platelets. How long must the patient defer donation after completing the medication?
A. 24 hours
B. 48 hours 
C. 7 days
D. 14 days
A

D. 14 days

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6
Q

What is the minimum hemoglobin level for a potential allogeneic donor?

A

12.5 g/dL

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7
Q

What is the minimum hemoglobin level for a potential autologous donor?

A

11 g/dL

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8
Q 
Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) is performed for which of the following?
A. HIV, WNV, HCV, and HBV
B. HIV, HCV, HBV, Syphillis
C. HIV, HBV, WNV, CMV
D. HIV, HTLV I,II, HCV
A

A. HIV, WNV, HCV, and HBV

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9
Q

Packed RBCs must have a final hematocrit of less than or equal to:

A

80%

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10
Q

Leukoreduced packed RBCs must have an absolute white blood cell count of less than _____ and contain at least what percent of original RBC mass?

A

5 x 10^6; 85%

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11
Q

What is the minimal pH required for platelets?

A

6.2

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12
Q

What is the expiration time for platelet concentrates that have been pooled?

A

4 hours

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13
Q 
Which of the following are approved preservative solutions for blood storage at 1°C to 6°C for 21 days?
A. ACD
B. CPD
C. CP2D
D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

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14
Q

A blood donor with a history of hepatitis B should be excluded for how long?

A

Permanently

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15
Q

Methods of preparation of platelet concentrates from single units of whole blood must produce a product that yields a minimum of:

A

5.5 x 10^10 platelets per unit in 75% of units tested

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16
Q

An autologous unit should be donated what time period prior to the patients surgery/need?

A

72 hours

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17
Q

Which of the following statements explains why bacterial contamination of blood is rarely a problem?
A. Regulated procedures for arm preparation prevent most bacteria contamination
B. Citrate in the anticoagulant is not conducive to bacterial growth.
C. The cold storage of blood is not conducive to bacterial growth.
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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18
Q

Which organism is responsible for transmitting Chagas disease?

A

T. cruzi

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19
Q

The following blood donors regularly give blood. Which donor may donate on September 11th?
A. A 40-year-old woman who last donated on July 25th
B. A 28-year-old man who had plateletpheresis on August 24th
C. A 52-year-old man who made an autologous donation on September 9th
D. A 23-year-old woman who made a direct donation for her aunt on August 14th

A

B. A 28-year-old man who had plateletpheresis on August 24th

A - needs to wait 8 weeks total
C - must wait at least 2 days
D - needs to wait 8 weeks total

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20
Q

How many times can a person meeting all the optimal criteria donate an apheresis unit of platelets per year?

A

24 times

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21
Q

A world traveler came in to do a directed donation for his sister when he found out she needed surgery for her hip. After spending 5 weeks in Europe, he traveled extensively throughout Africa. How should his case be handled?

A

He would not be able to donate, because all directed donors must meet the same criteria as allogeneic donors.

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22
Q

The new international bar code system that most blood banks are converting to is:

A

ISBT

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23
Q

Donation method: Single product or combination of products

A

Apheresis

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24
Q

Donation method: 1 PRBC + 1 plasma + 1 plt concentrate (optional) + 1 single cryo (optional)

A

Single WB donations

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25
Q

What are three things always done in a physical exam?

A

Temperature, arm inspection, and Hgb or Hct

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26
Q

What is the max amount of blood that is collected from a donor?

A

10.5 mL/kg of donor weight

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27
Q

Donation interval: After WB donation

A

8 weeks

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28
Q

Donation interval: After 2 units RBC collection

A

16 weeks

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29
Q

Donation interval: Infrequent plasmapheresis

A

4 weeks

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30
Q

Donation interval: Plasma-, platelet-, or leukapheresis

A

At least 48 hours (8 weeks if 1 unit of RBCs also drawn)

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31
Q

What is the waiting period for a woman who has recently had a baby?

A

6 weeks

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32
Q

Medical deferral: Plavix and Ticlid

A

14 days

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33
Q

Medical deferral: Acne treatments (Acutane and Amnestine)

A

1 month

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34
Q

Medical deferral: Hair loss treatment

A

1 month

35
Q

Medical deferral: Tegison Psoriasis treatment

A

Permanently deferred

36
Q

Medical deferral: Hepatitis exposure treatment

A

12 months

37
Q

Medical deferral: Growth hormone from human pituitary glands

A

Permanently deferred

38
Q

Accept or reject - Donor had a first-trimester therapeutic abortion 4 weeks ago.

A

Reject - 6 weeks

39
Q

Accept or reject - Donor had a tattoo 9 months ago at tattoo shop regulated by state health department.

A

Accept - regulated shop

40
Q

Accept or reject - Donor treated for gonorrhea 6 months ago.

A

Reject - 12 months

41
Q

Accept or reject - Donor with needlestick injury 10 months ago

A

Reject - 12 months

42
Q

Accept or reject - 65 yo male who used IV drugs when he was 16 yo.

A

Reject - never can donate

43
Q

Accept or reject - Donor was taking Accutane. Stopped 3 months ago.

A

Accept - 1 month

44
Q

Accept or reject - Donor donated a double unit of red cells by apheresis 10 weeks ago.

A

Reject - 16 weeks

45
Q

Accept or reject - Donor took Tegison 10 years ago for Psoriasis.

A

Reject - never can donate

46
Q

What is the criteria for blood collection equipment (aka blood bags)?

A 
Must be:
Sterile
Pyrogen free
ID'd with lot # and exp. date 
Flexible 
Transparent
Resistant to damage
47
Q

Name the anticoagulant: CPD; What’s the RBC exp. date?

A

citrate phosphate dextrose - most common; 21 days

48
Q

Name the anticoagulant: CP2D; What’s the RBC exp. date?

A

CPD with double dextrose; 21 days

49
Q

Name the anticoagulant: CPDA-1; What’s the RBC exp. date?

A

CPD with added adenine for extending the life of the product ; 35 days vs 21 days

50
Q

Name the anticoagulant: ACD-A/B; What is the RBC exp. date?

A

Anticoagulant citrate dextrose; 21 days

51
Q

How long do preservatives extend the RBC expiration date?

A

To 42 days

52
Q

How do preservatives work to extend exp. date?

A

They provide extra nutrients for RBC metabolic function

53
Q

What is the classic method for collecting a blood donation?

A

Scrub site with iodophor (0.7%) scrub solution for 30 seconds using concentric spiral motion, let stand for 30 seconds, cover site with sterile gauze until ready and repeat if site is compromised

54
Q

What are the steps of automated apheresis collection?

A

1) WB is removed, mixed w/ anticoagulant and separated into components
2) Desired component is removed and modified
3) Remainder of blood is returned to the donor

55
Q

What is the QC criteria for platelet apheresis donation?

A

3 x10^11 platelets in 90% of units

56
Q

How much plasma is collected for platelet apheresis?

A

Less than or equal to 500 mL

57
Q

What is the criteria for RBC loss for serial plasma apheresis donors?

A

RBC loss <200 mL RBCs removed/8 weeks

58
Q

What additional things are measured at initial procedure and every 4 months for a serial plasma apheresis donor?

A

Total plasma protein and quantity of Igs

59
Q

For RBC apheresis collection, donations are collected in combo. T or F?

A

True

60
Q

For RBC apheresis collection, saline is infused to decrease the volume depletion. T or F?

A

True

61
Q

What is the QC regulation for RBC apheresis?

A

95% units must meet manufacturer’s product specifications

62
Q

What is the weight requirement for female donors - for RBC apheresis?

A

150 lbs

63
Q

What is the weight requirement for male donors - for RBC apeheresis?

A

130 lbs

64
Q

What is the minimum donor Hct - for RBC apheresis?

A

min 40% Hct

65
Q

What is the max amount of absolute blood loss allowed per 8 week interval for - for RBC apheresis?

A

300 mL/8 week interval

66
Q

What is the deferral for RBC apheresis if the donor recently donated WB unit or any other type of apheresis?

A

8 weeks

67
Q

What is the deferral for RBC apheresis if the donor recently donated a double RBC donation?

A

16 weeks

68
Q

What is the minimum Hgb/Hct for autologous donations?

A

11 g/dL, 33%

69
Q

What is a major pro for autologous donations?

A

For patients with rare blood types, the blood can be frozen and used when needed

70
Q

What are some major cons for autologous donations?

A

H&H could be too low for surgery which leads to an increased risk of ischemic incident (some people have religious reasons to deny allogeneic donations)

71
Q

What is the criteria for directed donations?

A

They must follow the same criteria as volunteer donors unless otherwise approved by a physician; Donations for blood relatives are irradiated

72
Q

What is done post donation; what are the instructions given to the donor?

A 
Must wait 15 min for observation
Instructions: 
- No smoking or drinking alcohol
- Eat/drink before leaving 
- Drinks lots of fluids
- Leave bandage on for a few hours 
- Avoid strenuous activities 
- Avoid hot tubs 
- Contact physician or donation center if ill after
73
Q

What is the percentage of donors that have adverse reactions?

A

3.5%

74
Q

Types of donor adverse reactions?

A
  • Systemic (vasovagal)
  • Brusing/hematoma
  • Fatigue
  • Nerve injury
  • Arterial puncture
  • DVT
75
Q

For donor ID serology testing, if the initial screen is non-reactive what is the next step?

A

It is okay to transfuse

76
Q

For donor ID serology testing, if the initial screen is reactive what is the next step?

A

Repeat assay in duplicate (false positives are more common) > negative after repeat, ok to transfuse

77
Q

If a donor ID test comes back repeatedly reactive what is the next step?

A

Supplemental confirmatory tests need to be done

- Confirmatory test required for HBsAg, anti-HIV 1, anti-HCV, and anti T. cruzi Ab

78
Q

What is a major pro of NAT for donor ID testing?

A

It decreases the window/ incubation periods

79
Q

What is the next step taken if a sample in a mini pool tests positive for an NAT?

A

The donation is discarded and the donor is deferred immediately - FDA doesn’t approve repeat testing

80
Q

For which diseases would we do a product retrieval if donor found to be positive?

A

HIV, HCV, Chagas, WNV, HTLV, HBsAg, HBc, and bacterial positives

81
Q

T or F? Leuk-reduced components are considered CMV safe.

A

True

82
Q

Who should receive CMV negative transfusions?

A

Low birth weight premature infants from CMV- moms
CMV- recipients of HPCs
CMV- pregnant women
Recipients of intrauterine transfusions
Organ transplant recipients from CMV- donors
CMV neg AIDS patients

83
Q

What are the three required sets of testing for every donation?

A
  • ABO/Rh testing
  • Antibody screen - ID required of AS pos
  • Infectious disease testing (ID testing)

MLS Blood Bank (3 decks)

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