Domestic Policies Under Cromwell 1532-1540 Pressurising the Pope&Anne Boleyn's climb + fall Flashcards
In what 4 ways did Henry and Cromwell attempt to pressurise the Pope?
1) Clergy collectively accused of praemunire and fined
2) Act in Conditional Restraint of Annates
3) House of Commons Supplication against the Ordinaries
4) Formal Submission of the clergy to Henry V111
When were…
1) Clergy collectively accused of praemunire and fined
2) Act in Conditional Restraint of Annates
3) House of Commons Supplication against the Ordinaries
4) Formal Submission of the clergy to Henry V111
1) 1531
2) 1532
3) 1532
4) 1532
What was the significance of when the Clergy collectively were accused of praemunire and fined in 1531?
This began a sustained attack on the clergy and forced an acknowledgement that the king was ‘Protector and Supreme head of the English Church’
What was the significance of the Act in Conditional Restraint of Annates in 1532?
This was designed to put pressure on the papacy by withholding conditionally the first years income from the office of bishops which the papacy had traditionally enjoyed
What was the significance of the House of Commons Supplication against the Ordinaries in 1532?
This was designed to increased anticlerical pressure within the House of Commons
What wast the significance of the formal submission of the clergy to Henry v111 in 1532?
This provoked the resignation of Sir Thomas more as Lord Chancellor
What were Annates?
a revenue paid to the Pope by a bishop or other cleric on his appointment, they were effectively church taxes collected in England and sent to Rome and were also known as the ‘First Fruits ‘ , a concept which dates back to earlier Greek, Roman and Hebrew religions.
Annates were also known as ‘First Fruits,’ what was this name in latin?
primitiae
What is a Supplication ?
a supplication was a form of petition
What was the Supplication against the Ordinaries?
a form of petition addressed to the king by the HOC and directed against alleged abuses of ordinary jurisdiction exercised by church law by archbishops and bishops
What was the submission of the clergy?
this was the formal surrender of the Church’s independent law-making function
How did Anne forced Henry into taking decisive action?
through consenting to sexual relations and falling pregnant
Due to Anne Boleyn’s pregnancy , what decisive action had Henry taken?
open defiance of the People by both Henry and the authorities of the English Church
Who’s death eased Henrys ability to defy the Pope?
the death of the Archbishop of Canterbury , William Warham
Who was the Archbishop of Canterbury William Warham? (3)
- Archbishop of Canterbury since 1503
- councillor under Henry V11
- lost political influence under Henry V111
Who replaced the Archbishop of Canterbury , William Warham after his death?
Thomas Cramner who received the authority from Rome but would also become a leader of the Reformation
From what date was it known that Anne Boleyn was pregnant?
December 1532
What date did the couple marry in secret?
25th January 1533
When was Henrys former marriage between himself and Catherine annulled ?
May 1533
Who annulled Henrys and Catherine’s marriage in May 1533?
Archbishop Cramner
When was Anne Boleyn’s child Elizabeth legitimately born in English law?
7th September 1533
At first, Queen Anne was a considerable advocate of Church reform , what had Eric Ives pointed out about her?
that she had been responsible for helping to push the king in a more Protestant direction
the relations between Anne and who publicly broke down?
Thomas Cromwell
Due to Cromwell’s insecurities with his with his relationship with the king and his own life, who did this encourage him to side with and what did they do?
The conservatives as they together persuaded Henry that Anne’s flirtatious manner had led to adultery
Why did the alleged adultery result in Annes execution?
as adultery for the wife of a monarch constituted treason
When was Anne Boleyn executed?
19th May 1536
After Catherine’s death and Anne Boleyn’s execution, what was the Catholic view on Henrys position?
Henry was now a widower and free to remarry
When did Jane Seymour give birth to Prince Edward? and die?
30th May 1537, died October due to childbirth complications
