Domestic Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

What is domestic abuse

A

any form of physical, verbal, sexual, psychological abuse

takes place within the context of a relationship between partners / ex partners

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2
Q

What are the types of domestic abuse

A

situational couple violence-fighting or verbal aggression not involving control

coercive and controlling behavior-violence may also be a feature

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3
Q

What does the domestic abuse act (scotland) cover

A

domestic abuse can be a course of conduct which takes place over a sustained period of time

act covers physical violence, psychological and emotional abuse

criminalize coercive control

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4
Q

How many women are effected by domestic abuse

A

1 in 5

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5
Q

Why are no crimes recorded sometimes

A

arguments with no ref to physical or threatening behaviors

disagreements around communication

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6
Q

What is gender based violence

A

violence directed against a person on the basis of the gender

it reflects and reinforces inequalities between men and women

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7
Q

What are the types of abuse

A
verbal 
emotional
physical
sexual 
financial
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8
Q

What is coercive control

A

it is a pattern of behaviors

it aims to isolate some from their family and friends

the person is degraded to a point of low self esteem

micro-regulation of all aspects of life - money, dress, surveillance

abusers are often very charming to everyone else which serves to increase the isolation

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9
Q

Who is most at risk

A

women

aged 16-24 or 16-19 YO men

long term illness or disability - this almost doubles the risk

mental health problems

women who are separated - there is an elevated risk of abuse around the time of separation

pregnancy

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10
Q

What are the non fatal outcomes of domestic abuse

A
physical issues
chronic conditions
reproductive health
mental health
health harming behaviors
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11
Q

What are the fatal outcomes of domestic abuse

A

femidide
suicide
maternal mortality

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12
Q

Why are children at risk in domestic abuse

A

to take away the one thin that makes them happy - at risk of harm

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13
Q

Why should clinicians get involved with domestic abuse

A

violence is a public health issue - everyone has a role in prevention

as a group you can have a role in advocating for social change and in changing attitudes

you might be the only person they tell

you have a duty of care to your patients

you are in a good position to spot the signs both physical and behavioural

many biased women will only talk to someone they trust

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14
Q

What are behavioral signs to recognize abuse

A

low self esteem

victims may appear fearful, anxious or sad
constant phoning or texting by a partner while they are with you

alcohol

if the partner is present he may do all the talking, patient may not speak while partner is present

partner may insist on female clinician

missed or frequent appointments

it is important to realize that some of these issues may be due to other things which is why it is important to give people room to speak

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15
Q

How do we recognize victims of domestic abuse

A

repeated injuries

bruises at different stages of healing

dental/maxillofacial injuries

unlikely explanations for injury

facial bruising, bruising or strangle marks around the neck, fingertip bruising on the arms or neck or behind the ears

delay in seeking help for injury

TMJ problems

orofacial pain

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16
Q

What is our role as clinicians

A

we see victims at a different time from the police who seem them at a crisis point

we have a different window of opportunity

we can provide a lifeline

healthcare professionals not trained to identify domestic violence and abuse may mislabel and misdiagnose people’s problems, resulting in unnecessary tx and investigation

17
Q

What are the barriers to screening for domestic abuse

A

patient accompanied

lack of training

concern about offending the patient

patients cultural norms

embarrassment

lack of knowledge about where to refer

lack of time

18
Q

What is AVDR

A

ask
validate
document
refer

19
Q

What is the ask in AVDR

A

ask about abuse

ask privately

don’t ask infant of others

use non judgmental language

if not ready to talk, tell them you are happy to support them whenever

20
Q

What are ways of asking

A

is everything ok

ive noticed you’ve got some bruises on your neck, is everything OK? has someone hurt you

I’m worried that you don’t seem your usual self, is everything OK?

do you feel safe?

21
Q

What do you do in validate

A

it is a way of showing someone you are concerned about them

it removes blame and shows u believe in them

even if patient denies abuse u say this

22
Q

What are examples of validating

A

you do not deserve to be hurt or hit no matter what happened

i am concerned about your safety

23
Q

What do you document

A

be specific and detailed

use the persons own words as well as clinicl notes

describe injury in as much detail as possible

24
Q

What is referral

A

signposting to appropriante services

give small card with contact details