Domestic Abuse Flashcards
What is domestic abuse?
Behaviour of a person (A) towards another person (B) is domestic abuse if
A and B are over 16
Personally connected
Behaviour is abusive
What makes behaviour abusive?
Physical/sexual abuse Violent/threatening behaviour Controlling/coercive behaviour Economic abuse Psychological, emotional or other abuse
What is personally connected?
Are/have been married Are/have been civil partners Agreed to marry In intimate personal relationship Parental relationship in relation to same child Relatives
What are the forms?
Intimate partner abuse
Teenage relationship abuse
Abuse by family members
Child-to-parent abuse
What is the polarised debate?
DA is a gendered crime committed by men against women with the intention to dominate them for reasons of power and control
Gender is only one risk factor for perpetration, there is more equal distribution across gender in the perpetration of DA
What is the DA dominant ideology?
Male privilege/dominance/entitlement/power and control
What’s the feminist ideology?
Feminist researchers believe the cause of IPV is gender
What the Duluth model?
To protect women from the tyranny of abusive men
Founded on the concept of male power and control within relationships
Central feature ‘the Duluth wheel’
Problems with the Duluth model?
Based on a sample of 9 clients made up from:
- men who had perpetrated
- women who were victims
Problems with generalising from such a small and unrepresentative sample
Its the dominant model for understanding DA
What link has been found with perpetrators?
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)
DA perpetration has link with high number of ACEs
What are pre-existing factors?
High exposure to violence as a child Low education Substance misuse Attachment disorders Mental ill health Poor emotional regulation Non-domestic violence Learnt ways of resolving conflict
What about women and LGBTQ+?
Women have similar risk and need factors as males
What were the findings for bidirectional abuse?
59.6% bidirectional
- 4% unidirectional
- 17.5% male to female
- 22.9% female to male
What are the implications of the bidirectional abuse findings?
Challenges the view of male dominated abuse
Is the dynamic of the relationship important?
Risk assessment
The role of gender
Polarised
Data - does it just reinforce what we look for?
Gendered crime - then do we only find that?
What questions do we ask females? Males?
Promoting services…who is it aimed at?
Who is more likely to report?
