Domain Midterm Flashcards

Question

What category do these occupations fall under? - sleep prep - rest

Answer 1

Rest and Sleep

Answer 2

Social Participation

Answer 3

- Observable goal-directed actions - Small units of engagement in daily life - Learned and developed over time

Answer 4

- Observable goal-directed actions - Small units of engagement in daily life - Learned and developed over time

Answer 5

- Performance Patterns - Client Factors - Performance Skills - Context and Environment

Answer 6

- Values/beliefs/spirituality - Body functions - Body structures

Answer 7

Values, beliefs, and spirituality of client factors

Answer 8

Body functions of client factors

Answer 9

Body structures of client factors

Answer 10

- Motor Skills - Process Skills - Social Interaction Skills

Answer 11

Motor skills of performance skills

Answer 12

Process skills of performance skills

Answer 13

Social interaction skills of performance skills

Answer 14

- Person | - Group/population

Answer 15

Person of performance patterns

Answer 16

Group/population of performance patterns

Answer 17

Contexts of context and environment

Answer 18

Environments of contexts and environments

Answer 19

Ex: All school-aged children getting the flu shot before school starts

Answer 20

Ex. Going to church on Sundays

Answer 21

Outlines the profession's purview and areas in which its members have an established body of knowledge and expertise

Answer 22

- Client Factors - Performance Skills - Performance Patterns

Answer 23

(FATED PJ) - Freedom - Altruism - Truth - Equality - Dignity - Prudence - Justice

Answer 24

Being concerned for the welfare of others; selfless concern

Answer 25

Treating each person impartially and free of bias

Answer 26

Personal choice in values and desires of a client

Answer 27

State in which diverse communities are inclusive and flourish

Answer 28

Treating a client with respect in all situations

Answer 29

Providing accurate info in all forms of communication

Answer 30

Using clinical and ethical reasoning to make a professional decision

Answer 31

(BAN JVF) - Beneficience - Autonomy - Normaleficence - Justice - Veracity - Fidelity

Answer 32

Helping others, kindness; preventing harm

Answer 33

- Abstaining from harm; not imposing risks of harm | - Avoiding conflicts of interest

Answer 34

Principle of self-determination; ability to act freely and make one's own choices

Answer 35

- Fair, equitable treatment; impartial consideration of rules; objectivity - Advocate for change

Answer 36

Comprehensive, accurate and objective info; truthfulness and honesty

Answer 37

Keeping a commitment; treating clients with respect, fairness, and integrity

Answer 38

- Open communication | - Empathy

Answer 39

- Provision of services | - Implementing plan of care

Answer 40

American Occupational Therapy Association

Answer 41

Main professional organization in the United States for OT practitioners

Answer 42

National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy

Answer 43

Administers a national exam to newly graduated OT practitioners to obtain national registration

Answer 44

Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education

Answer 45

Stablishes, approves, and administers educational standards for OT programs

Answer 46

American Occupational Therapy Foundation

Answer 47

charitable, scientific education organization that supports OT research

Answer 48

American Occupational Therapy Political Action Committee

Answer 49

Further federal legislation that supports the profession of OT through lobbying efforts

Answer 50

Assembly of Student Delegates

Answer 51

Provide a forum for OT students to express concerns and have input in AOTA and its related affairs

Answer 52

World Federation of Occupational Therapy

Answer 53

Promote practice on a global level through research and education

Answer 54

Florida Occupational Therapy Association

Answer 55

Client-Centeredness

Answer 56

Performance Patterns

Answer 57

Customs, beliefs, activity patterns, behavioral standards, expectations that are accepted by society that which the client is a member

Answer 58

- Ontology - Epistemology - Axiology

Answer 59

Beliefs about reality

Answer 60

Beliefs about appropriate actions

Answer 61

Engaging in Occupation

Answer 62

Health and well-being

Answer 63

- Performance Skills - Interpersonal Abilities - Ethical Reasoning - Critical Reasoning - Knowledge

Answer 64

Core resource to assess, maintain, and document continuing competence

Answer 65

What humans do with their time

Answer 66

Nonmaleficence

Answer 67

Beneficence

Answer 68

Activities oriented toward taking care of one’s own body and completed on a routine basis

Answer 69

- Bathing - Showering - Toileting - Dressing - Eating and Swallowing - Feeding - Functional Mobility - Personal Hygiene and Grooming - Sexual Activity

Answer 70

Older adult completing bathing with assistance form an adult child

Answer 71

Students eating lunch during a lunch break

Answer 72

Activities to support daily life within the home and community.

Answer 73

- Care of others - Care of pets and animals - Child rearing - Communication Management - Driving and community mobility - Financial Management - Home Establishment and Management - Meal Preparation and Cleanup - Religious and spiritual expression - Safety and emergency maintenance, shopping

Answer 74

Parent using a phone app to pay a babysitter electronically

Answer 75

Club members using public transportation to arrive at a musical performance

Answer 76

Activities related to obtaining restorative rest and sleep to support healthy, active engagement in other occupations

Answer 77

- Rest - Sleep Preparation - Sleep Participation

Answer 78

Person turning off lights and adjusting the room temperature to 68 before sleep

Answer 79

Children engaging in nap time at a daycare center

Answer 80

Activities related to developing, managing, and maintaining health and wellness routines, including self-management, with the goal of improving or maintaining health to support participation in other occupations.

Answer 81

- Social and emotional health promotion and maintenance - Symptom and condition management, communication with the health care system - Medication management - Physical activity - Nutrition management - Personal care device management

Answer 82

Patient scheduling an appointment with a specialist after referral by the primary care doctor

Answer 83

Parent association sharing preparation of healthy foods to serve at a school sponsored festival

Answer 84

Activities needed for learning and participating in the educational environment.

Answer 85

- Formal educational participation - Informal personal educational needs or interests exploration - Informal educational participation

Answer 86

College student taking an african american history class online

Answer 87

Students working on a collaborative science project on robotics

Answer 88

Labor or exertion related to the development, production, delivery, or management of objects or services; benefits may be financial or nonfinancial

Answer 89

- Employment interests and pursuits - Employment seeking and acquisition - Job performance and maintenance - Retirement preparation and adjustment - Volunteer exploration - Volunteer participation

Answer 90

Electrician turning off power before working on a power line

Answer 91

Peers volunteering for a day of action at an animal shelter

Answer 92

Beliefs about knowledge

Answer 93

- Play Exploration | - Play Participation

Answer 94

Child playing superhero dress up

Answer 95

Class playing freeze tag during recess

Answer 96

“Non Obligatory activity that is intrinsically motivated and engaged in during discretionary time, that is, time not committed to obligatory occupations such as work, self-care, or sleep”

Answer 97

Family member knitting a sweater for a new baby

Answer 98

-Friends meeting for a craft circle

Answer 99

Activities that involve social interaction with others, including family, friends, peers, and community members, and that support social interdependence

Answer 100

- Community Participation - Family Participation - Friendships - Intimate Partner Relationships - Peer Group Participation

Answer 101

New mother going to lunch with friends

Answer 102

Older adults gathering at a community center to wrap holiday presents for charity distribution

Answer 103

Client’s (person’s, group’s, or population’s) perceptions, motivations, and related meaning that influence or are influenced by engagement in occupations.

Answer 104

Acquired beliefs and commitments, derived from culture, about what is good, right, and important to do -Person: Honesty with self and others, Commitment to family -Group: Obligation to provide a service, Fairness, Inclusion -Population: Freedom of speech, Equal opportunities for all, Tolerance toward others

Answer 105

“Something that is accepted, considered to be true, or held as an opinion” -Person: One is powerless to influence others, Hard work pays off. -Group: Teaching others how to garden decreases their reliance on grocery stores, Writing letters as part of a neighborhood group can support the creation of a community park. -Population: Some personal rights are worth fighting for, A new health care policy, as yet untried, will positively affect Society.

Answer 106

“A deep experience of meaning brought about by engaging in occupations that involve the enacting of personal values and beliefs, reflection, and intention within a supportive contextual environment” It is important to recognize spirituality “as dynamic and often evolving” Person: Personal search for purpose and meaning in life, Guidance of actions by a sense of value beyond the acquisition of wealth or fame Group: Study of religious texts together, Attendance at a religious service Population: Common search for purpose and meaning in life, Guidance of actions by values agreed on by the collective

Answer 107

“The physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions)” This section of the table is organized according to the classifications of the ICF; for fuller descriptions and definitions, refer to WHO.

Answer 108

- Higher level cognitive - Attention - Memory - Perception - Thought - Mental functions of sequencing complex movement - Emotional - Experience of self and time

Answer 109

- Consciousness - Orientation - Psychological - Temperament and personality - Energy - Sleep

Answer 110

- Visual functions - Hearing functions - Vestibular functions - Taste functions - Smell functions - Proprioceptive functions - Touch function - Interoception - Pain - Sensitivity to temp and pressure

Answer 111

- Joint Mobility | - Joint Stability

Answer 112

- Muscle power - Muscle tone - Muscle endurance

Answer 113

- Motor reflexes - Involuntary movement reactions - Control of voluntary movement - Gait patterns

Answer 114

-Cardiovascular system functions -Hematological and immune system functions -Respiratory system functions -Additional functions and sensations of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (Note. OT's have knowledge of these body functions and understand broadly the interaction that occurs among these functions to support health, well-being, and participation in life through engagement in occupation.)

Answer 115

Fluency and rhythm, alternative vocalization functions

Answer 116

Activities that are intrinsically motivated, internally controlled, and freely chosen and that may include suspension of reality

Answer 117

Hair and Nail Functions

Answer 118

“Anatomical parts of the body, such as organs, limbs, and their components” that support body function -Structure of the nervous system -Structures related to the eyes and ears -Structures involved in voice and speech -Structures of the cardiovascular, immunological, and respiratory systems -Structures related to the digestive, metabolic, and endocrine systems -Structures related to the genitourinary and reproductive systems -Structures related to movement -OT's have knowledge of body structures and understand broadly the interaction that occurs between these structures to support health, well-being, and participation in life through engagement in occupation

Answer 119

- Endures, chooses, adjusts, transitions Be able to recognize from a description what each is. - Muscle endurance would be sustaining a muscle contraction for a period of time.

Answer 120

- Stabilizes - Aligns - Positions - Reaches - Bends - Grips - Manipulates - Coordinates - Moves - Lifts - Walks - Transports - Calibrates - Flows - Endures - Paces

Answer 121

Moves through task environment and interacts with task objects without momentary propping or loss of balance Ex. Person moves through kitchen without propping or loss of balance

Answer 122

Interacts with task objects with out evidence of persistent propping or leaning Ex. Person washes dishes without using counter for support

Answer 123

Positions self an effective distance from task objects and without evidence of awkward arm or body positions

Answer 124

Effectively extends arm and when appropriate bends trunk to effectively grasp or place task objects that are out of reach Ex. Person reaches without effort for the game box

Answer 125

Flexes or rotates trunk as appropriate when sitting down or when bending to grasp or place task objects that are out of reach Ex. Person bends without effort when reaching for game box

Answer 126

Effectively pinches or grasps task objects such that the objects do not slip (from between fingers, from between teeth, from between hand and supporting surface) Ex. Person grips the game box and game pieces and they do not slip from the hand

Answer 127

Uses dexterous finger movements, without evidence of fumbling, when manipulating task objects Ex. Person readily manipulates the game pieces with fingers while setting up and playing the game

Answer 128

Uses two or more body parts together to manipulate and hold task objects without evidence of fumbling or task objects slipping from the grasp Ex. Person uses both hands to shuffle the game cards without fumbling them, and the cards do not slip from the hands

Answer 129

Effectively pushes or pulls task objects along a supporting surface, pulls to open or pushes to close doors and drawers, or pushes on wheels to propel a wheelchair Ex. Person moves the broom easily pushing and pulling it across the floor

Answer 130

Effectively raises or lifts task objects without evidence of excessive physical effort Ex. Person easily lifts cleaning supplies out of the cart

Answer 131

During task performance, ambulates on level surfaces without shuffling feet, becoming unstable, propping, or using assistive devices Ex. Person walks steadily through the factory

Answer 132

Carries task objects from one place to another while walking or moving in a wheelchair Ex. Person carries cleaning supplies from one factory location to another, either by walking or using a wheelchair, without effort.

Answer 133

Uses movements of appropriate force, speed, or extent when interacting with task objects (e.g., does not crush task objects, pushes a door with enough force to close it without a bang) Ex. Person uses an appropriate amount of force to squeeze liquid soap onto a cleaning cloth.

Answer 134

Uses smooth and fluid arm and wrist movements when interacting with task objects Ex. Person demonstrates fluid arm and wrist movements when wiping tables

Answer 135

Persists and completes the task without demonstrating physical fatigue, pausing to rest, or stopping to catch breath Ex. Person completes bathing of parent without evidence of physical fatigue

Answer 136

Maintains a consistent and effective rate or tempo of performance throughout the entire task performance Ex. Person uses an appropriate tempo when bathing the parent

Answer 137

The group of performance skills that represent small, observable actions related to selecting, interacting with, and using tangible task objects (tools, utensils, clothing, food or other supplies, digital devices, plant life); carrying out individual actions and steps; and preventing problems of occupational performance from occurring or reoccurring in the context of performing a personally and ecologically relevant daily life task”

Answer 138

- Paces - Attends - Heeds - Chooses - Uses - Handles - Inquires - Initiates - Continues - Sequences - Terminates - Searches Locates - Gathers - Organizes - Restores - Navigates - Notice Responds - Adjusts - Accommodates - Benefits

Answer 139

Maintains a consistent and effective rate or tempo of performance throughout the entire task performance Ex. Person uses a consistent and even tempo when writing sentences

Answer 140

Does not look away from task performance maintaining ongoing task progression Ex. Maintaining gaze on assignment and continues writing sentences without pause

Answer 141

Carries out and completes the task originally agreed on or specified by another person Ex. Person completes the assignment writing the number of sentences required

Answer 142

Selects necessary and appropriate type and number of objects for the task, including the task objects that one chooses or is directed to use (e.g., by a teacher Ex. Person chooses specified medicine bottles appropriate for the specific timed dose

Answer 143

Applies task objects as they are intended (using a pencil sharpener to sharpen a pencil but not a crayon) and in a hygienic fashion Ex. Person uses a medicine spoon to take a dose of liquid medicine

Answer 144

Supports or stabilizes task objects appropriately protecting them from being damaged by slipping, moving or falling Ex. Supports medicine bottle keeping it upright without the bottle tipping or falling

Answer 145

Seeks needed verbal or written information by asking questions or reading directions or labels and (2) does not ask for information when fully oriented to the task and environment and recently became aware of the answer Ex. Person reads the label on the medicine bottle before taking the medication

Answer 146

Starts or begins the next task action or task step without any hesitation Ex. Person begins each step of ATM use without hesitation

Answer 147

Performs single actions or steps without any interruptions so that once an action or task step is initiated, performance continues without pauses or delays until the action or step is completed Ex. Person continues each step of ATM use without delays

Answer 148

Performs steps in an effective or logical order and with an absence of randomness in the ordering or inappropriate repetition of steps Ex. Person completes each step of ATM use in logical order

Answer 149

Brings to completion single actions or single steps without inappropriate persistence or premature cessation Ex. Person completes each step of ATM use in the appropriate length of time.

Answer 150

Looks for and locates task objects in a logical manner | Ex. Person readily locates needed office supplies from shelves and drawers.

Answer 151

Collects related task objects into the same work space and regathers tasks objects that have spilled, fallen, or been misplaced Ex. Person gathers required clerical tools and supplies in the assigned work space

Answer 152

Logically positions or spatially arranges task objects in an orderly fashion within a single work space or between multiple appropriate work spaces such that the work space is not too spread out or too crowded Ex. Person organizes required clerical tools and supplies within the work space so all are within reach.

Answer 153

Puts away task objects in appropriate places and ensures that the immediate work space is restored to its original condition Ex. Person returns clerical tools and supplies to their original storage location.

Answer 154

Moves body or wheelchair without bumping into obstacles when moving through the task environment or interacting with task objects Ex. Person moves through the office space without bumping into office furniture or machines

Answer 155

Responds appropriately to (1) nonverbal task-related cue (e.g., heat, movement), (2) the spatial arrangement and alignment of task objects to one another, and (3) cupboard doors or drawers that have been left open during task performance Ex. Person notices the carrot rolling off the cutting board and catches it before it rolls onto the floor.

Answer 156

Overcomes problems with ongoing task performance effectively be (1) going to a new workspace; (2) moving task objects out of the current workspace; or (3) adjusting knobs, dials, switches, or water taps Ex. Person readily adjusts the flow of water from the tap when washing vegetables

Answer 157

Prevents ineffective performance of all other motor and process skills and asks for assistance only when appropriate or needed Ex. Person prevents problems from occurring during the salad preparation

Answer 158

Prevents ineffective performance of all other motor and process skills from recurring or persisting Ex. Person prevents problems from continuing or reoccurring during the salad preparation

Answer 159

The group of performance skills that represent small, observable actions related to communicating and interacting with others in the context of engaging in a personally and ecologically relevant daily life task performance that involves social interaction with others

Answer 160

- Approaches starts - Concludes/Disengages - Produces Speech - Gesticulates - Speaks Fluently - Tuned Towards - Looks - Places Self - Touches - Regulates - Questions - Replies - Discloses - Expresses Emotions - Disagrees - Thanks - Transitions - Times Response - Times Duration - Takes Turns - Matches Languages - Clarifies - Acknowledges - Empathizes - Heeds - Accommodates - Benefits

Answer 161

Approaches or initiates interaction with the social partner in a manner that is socially appropriate. Person politely begins interactions with support group members.

Answer 162

Effectively terminates the conversation or social interaction, brings to closure the topic under discussion, and disengages or says goodbye Ex. Person politely ends a conversation with a support group member.

Answer 163

Produces spoken, signed, or augmentative (computer-generated) messages that are audible and clearly articulated Ex. Person produces clear verbal, signed, or augmentative messages to communicate with other children playing in the sandbox

Answer 164

Uses socially appropriate gestures to communicate or support a message Ex. Person gestures by waving or pointing while communicating with other children playing in the sandbox.

Answer 165

Speaks in a fluent and continuous manner, with an even pace (not too fast, not too slow) and without pauses or delays, while sending a message Ex. Person speaks, without pausing, stuttering, or hesitating, when engaging with other children playing in the sandbox.

Answer 166

Actively positions or turns body and face toward the social partner or the person who is speaking Ex. Person turns body and face toward other residents while interacting during the meal

Answer 167

Makes eye contact with the social partner | Ex. Person makes eye contact with other residents while interacting during the meal

Answer 168

Genitourinary and reproductive functions

Answer 169

Positions self at an appropriate distance from the social partner Ex. Person sits an appropriate distance from other residents at the table.

Answer 170

Responds to and uses touch or bodily contact with the social partner in a socially appropriate manner Ex. Person touches other residents appropriately during the meal.

Answer 171

Does not demonstrate irrelevant, repetitive, or impulsive behaviors during social interaction Ex. Person avoids demonstrating irrelevant, repetitive, or impulsive behaviors while interacting during the meal.

Answer 172

Requests relevant facts and information and asks questions that support the intended purpose of the social interaction Ex. Person asks customers for their choice of ice cream flavor.

Answer 173

Keeps conversation going by replying appropriately to suggestions, opinions, questions, and comments Ex. Person readily replies with relevant answers to customers’ questions about ice cream products.

Answer 174

Reveals opinions, feelings, and private information about self or others in a socially appropriate manner Ex. Person discloses no personal information about self or others to customers.

Answer 175

Displays affect and emotions in a socially appropriate manner Ex. Person displays socially appropriate emotions when sending messages to customers.

Answer 176

Expresses differences of opinion in a socially appropriate manner Ex. Person expresses a difference of opinion about ice cream products in a polite way.

Answer 177

Uses appropriate words and gestures to acknowledge receipt of services, gifts, or compliments Ex. Person thanks the customers for purchasing ice cream.

Answer 178

Handles transitions in the conversation or changes the topic without disrupting the ongoing conversation Ex. Person offers comments or suggestion that relate to the topic of mental health challenges, smoothly moving the topic in a relevant direction.

Answer 179

Replies to social messages without delay or hesitation and without interrupting the social partner Ex. Person replies to another group member’s question about community supports for mental health challenges after briefly considering how best to respond

Answer 180

Speaks for a reasonable length of time given the complexity of the message Ex. Person sends messages about mental health challenges of an appropriate length

Answer 181

Speaks in turn and gives the social partner the freedom to take their turn Ex. Person engages in back-and-forth conversation with others in the group.

Answer 182

Uses a tone of voice, dialect, and level of language that are socially appropriate and matched to the social partner’s abilities and level of understanding Ex. Person uses a tone of voice and vocabulary that match those of the Social Security agent.

Answer 183

Responds to gestures or verbal messages from the social partner signaling that the social partner does not comprehend or understand a message and ensures that the social partner is following the conversation Ex. Person rephrases the initial question when the Social Security agent requests clarification.

Answer 184

Acknowledges receipt of messages, encourages the social partner to continue the social interaction, and encourages all social partners to participate in the interaction Ex. Person nods to indicate understanding of the information shared by the Social Security Agent.

Answer 185

Expresses a supportive attitude toward the social partner by agreeing with, empathizing with, or expressing understanding of the social partner’s feelings and experiences Ex. Person shows empathy when the Social Security agent expresses frustration with the slow computer system.

Answer 186

Uses goal-directed social interactions focused on carrying out and completing the intended purpose of the social interaction Ex. Person maintains focus on deciding which restaurant to go to.

Answer 187

Prevents ineffective or socially inappropriate social interaction Ex. Person avoids making ineffective responses to others about restaurant choice.

Answer 188

Prevents problems with ineffective or socially inappropriate social interaction from recurring or persisting Ex. Person avoids making reoccurring ineffective comments during the decision making.

Answer 189

-Habits -Routines -Roles -Rituals (Know difference between a habit and a routine, routine and ritual / Difference between a group routine and an individual routine)

Answer 190

-Person:Specific, automatic behaviors performed repeatedly, relatively automatically, and with little variation” Habits can be healthy or unhealthy, efficient or inefficient, and supportive or harmful Ex. automatically puts keys in same place -Group: n/a

Answer 191

-Person: Patterns of behavior that are observable, regular, and repetitive and that provide structure for daily life. They can be satisfying, promoting, or damaging. Routines require delimited time commitment and are embedded in cultural and ecological Contexts Ex. Follows sequence of steps involving meal preparation -Group: Patterns of behavior that are observable, regular, and repetitive and that provide structure for daily life. They can be satisfying, promoting, or damaging. Time provides an organizational structure or rhythm for routines Routines are embedded in cultural and ecological Contexts Ex. Workers attend weekly staff meeting

Answer 192

-Person: Aspects of identity shaped by culture and context that may be further conceptualized and defined by the client and the activities and occupations one engage in. Ex. Sibling in a family with 3 three children -Group: Sets of behaviors by the group or population expected by society and shaped by culture and context that may be further conceptualized and defined by the group or population. Ex. nonprofit civic group providing housing for people living with mental illness

Answer 193

-Person: Symbolic actions with spiritual, cultural, or social meaning contributing to the client’s identity and reinforcing values and beliefs. Rituals have a strong affective component and consist of a collection of Events Ex. Shares a highlight from the day during evening meals with family -Group: Shared social actions with traditional, emotional, purposive, and technological meaning contributing to values and beliefs within the group or Population. Ex. employees attend an annual holiday celebration

Answer 194

Environmental & Personal Factors

Answer 195

-Aspects of the physical, social, and attitudinal surroundings in which people live and conduct their lives -Influence functioning and disability and have positive aspects (facilitators) or negative aspects (barriers or hindrances)

Answer 196

- Natural Environment and Human - Products and Technology - Support and relationships - Attitudes - Services, Systems, and Policies

Answer 197

Made changes to the environment: Animate and inanimate elements of the natural or physical environment and components of that environment that have been modified by people, as well as characteristics of human populations within that environment. Engagement in human occupation influences the sustainability of the natural environment, and changes to human behavior can have a positive impact on the environment

Answer 198

Natural or human-made products or systems of products, equipment, and technology that are gathered, created, produced, or manufactured.

Answer 199

People or animals that provide practical physical or emotional support, nurturing, protection, assistance, and connections to other persons in the home, workplace, or school or at play or in other aspects of daily occupations.

Answer 200

Observable evidence of customs, practices, ideologies, values, norms, factual beliefs, and religious beliefs held by people other than the client.

Answer 201

Benefits, structured programs, and regulations for operations provided by institutions in various sectors of society designed to meet the needs of persons, groups, and populations

Answer 202

The unique features of a person that are not part of a health condition or health state and that constitute the particular background of the person’s life and living. Personal factors are internal influences affecting functioning and disability and are not considered positive or negative but rather reflect the essence of the person- “who they are.” When clients provide demographic information, they are typically describing personal factors. -Also include customs, beliefs, activity patterns, behavioral standards, and expectations accepted by the society or cultural group of which a person is a member. -Generally considered to be enduring, stable attributes of the person, although some personal factors change over time.

Answer 203

-Chronological age -Sexual orientation (sexual preference, sexual identity) -Gender identity -Race and ethnicity -Cultural identification and attitudes -Social background, social status, and socioeconomic status -Upbringing and life experiences -Habits and past and current behavioral patterns -Psychological assets, temperament, unique character traits, and copin styles -Education -Profession and professional identity - Lifestyle -Health conditions and fitness status (that may affect the person’s occupations but are not the primary concern of the occupational therapy encounter).

Answer 204

Principle 1. Occupational therapy personnel shall demonstrate a concern for the well-being and safety of the recipients of their services. - Includes all forms of action intended to benefit other persons. - Connotes acts of mercy, kindness, and charity - Requires taking action by helping others, in other words, by promoting good, by preventing harm, and by removing harm. - Ex. Protecting and defending the rights of others, preventing harm from occurring to others, removing conditions that will cause harm to others, helping persons with disabilities, and rescuing persons in danger

Answer 205

Principle 2. OT personnel shall refrain from actions that cause harm. -“Obligates us to abstain from causing harm to others” The Principle of also includes an obligation to not impose risks of harm even if the potential risk is without malicious or harmful intent. (often is examined under the context of due care.) -The standard of due care “requires that the goals pursued justify the risks that must be imposed to achieve those goals” Ex. In OT, this standard applies to situations in which the client might feel pain from a treatment intervention; however, the acute pain is justified by potential longitudinal, evidence-based benefits of the treatment.

Answer 206

Principle 3. OT's shall respect the right of the individual to self-determination, privacy, confidentiality, and consent. - The Principle expresses the concept that practitioners have a duty to treat the client according to the client’s desires, within the bounds of accepted standards of care, and to protect the client’s confidential information. -Respect for Autonomy is referred to as the self-determination principle. However, respecting a person’s autonomy goes beyond acknowledging an individual as a mere agent and also acknowledges a person’s right “to hold views, to make choices, and to take actions based on [his or her] values and beliefs” - Individuals have the right to make a determination regarding care decisions that directly affect their lives. In the event that a person lacks decision-making capacity, his or her autonomy should be respected through involvement of an authorized agent or surrogate decision maker.

Answer 207

Principle 4. OT's shall promote fairness and objectivity in the provision of occupational therapy services. - The Principle relates to the fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment of persons - OT's should relate in a respectful, fair, and impartial manner to individuals and groups with whom they interact. They should also respect the applicable laws and standards related to their area of practice. - Requires the impartial consideration and consistent following of rules to generate unbiased decisions and promote fairness. - As OT's we work to uphold a society in which all individuals have an equitable opportunity to achieve occupational engagement as an essential component of their life.

Answer 208

Principle 5. OT's shall provide comprehensive, accurate, and objective information when representing the profession. -Based on the virtues of truthfulness, candor, and honesty. -The Principle refers to comprehensive, accurate, and objective transmission of information and includes fostering understanding of such information -Based on respect owed to others, including but not limited to recipients of service, colleagues, students, researchers, and research participants. In communicating with others, OT's implicitly promise to be truthful and not deceptive. When entering into a therapeutic or research relationship, the recipient of service or research participant has a right to accurate information. In addition, transmission of information is incomplete without also ensuring that the recipient or participant understands the information provided. Concepts of veracity must be carefully balanced with other potentially competing ethical principles, cultural beliefs, and organizational policies. Veracity ultimately is valued as a means to establish trust and strengthen professional relationships. Therefore, adherence to the Principle of Veracity also requires thoughtful analysis of how full disclosure of information may affect outcomes.

Answer 209

Principle 6. OT's shall treat clients, colleagues, and other professionals with respect, fairness, discretion, and integrity. - The Principle comes from the Latin root meaning loyal. Fidelity refers to the duty one has to keep a commitment once it is made -In the health professions, this commitment refers to promises made between a provider and a client or patient based on an expectation of loyalty, staying with the client or patient in a time of need, and compliance with a code of ethics. These promises can be implied or explicit. The duty to disclose information that is potentially meaningful in making decisions is one obligation of the moral contract between provider and client or patient - Whereas respecting Fidelity requires occupational therapy personnel to meet the client’s reasonable expectations, the Principle also addresses maintaining respectful collegial and organizational relationships. Professional relationships are greatly influenced by the complexity of the environment in which occupational therapy personnel work. Practitioners, educators, and researchers alike must consistently balance their duties to service recipients, students, research participants, and other professionals as well as to organizations that may influence decision making and professional practice.

Answer 210

Educated at the professional knowledge and skill level and receives an entry-level graduate degree. Responsible for overall service provision and can carry out all facets of service provision (ex. Evaluation, intervention implementation and review, and outcomes assessment)

Answer 211

Currently educated at the technical level and receives an associate of arts degree. Responsible for the implementation phase of service provision and may contribute to other aspects of service provision such as performing selected assessments for which they have demonstrated service competence, or recommending intervention changes, but only under the supervision of the OT.

Answer 212

The supervisory relationship between the OT practitioner and OT assistant is characterized as a partnership

Answer 213

The foundation upholding all that practitioners, educators, and researchers do; it help members of the profession to (1) Develop clear and coherent professional identities as occupational therapists, (2) hone a practice that is unique among health care providers, and (3) explain the hidden and often underestimated complexity of the profession bit to themselves and others

Answer 214

Practitioners must be willing to enter the client's world and create a relationship that encourages the other to enhance his or her life in ways that are most meaningful to that client.

Answer 215

“Planned use of his or her personality, insights, perceptions, and judgements as part of the therapeutic process” A component of the therapeutic relationship, should not be considered a separate intervention but should instead influence and inform all of the aforementioned intervention approaches.

Answer 216

Client centered profession concerned with promoting health and well being through occupation

Answer 217

- The founding paradigm of OT was occupation, and the occupational perspective focused on people and their health “in the context of the culture of the daily living and its activities” - Beginning in the 1930’s, OT strove to become more like the medical profession, entering into a paradigm of reductionism that lasted into the 1970’s. During that time, occupation, both as a concept and as a means and/or outcome of intervention, was essentially absent from professional discourse - With time, a few professional leaders began to call for OT to return to its roots in occupation and since the 1970’s acceptance of occupation as the foundation of OT has grown - With that growth, professional debates about the definition and nature of occupation emerged and continue to this day

Answer 218

National Society for the promotion of OT

Answer 219

Characterized by the provision of humane conditions of care for persons with mental illness, influenced by the ideas emanating from the age of enlightenment.

Answer 220

Digestive system functions, metabolic system, and endocrine system functions

Domain Midterm Flashcards

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