Domain 5

Question 1

What are the tips to enhance communication?

Answer 1

• Use good body language.
• Explain important policies,
procedures, and expectations to the
client.
• Be sensitive to clients’ feelings;
connect emotionally.
• Use positive communication;
encouragement, support, positive
reinforcement.
• Greet clients with a hello, a
handshake, and a smile.

Question 2

What is the flow of verbal communication?

Answer 2

What speaker says, what listener hears, what listener thinks speaker means, what speaker means

Question 3

What are non-verbal communication considerations?

Answer 3

o What someone is thinking or feeling is reflected in body language and facial expressions.
o Humans are programmed to notice small changes in physical appearance, posture, gestures, and body position in other people.

Question 4

What is active listening?

Answer 4

Having an attitude and genuine interest in seeking a client’s perspective.

Question 5

What is a close-ended (directive) question?

Answer 5

Can be answered in one word; yes or no

Question 6

What is an open-ended (nondirective) question?

Answer 6

Allow clients to give more information.

Question 7

What is reflecting?

Answer 7

Repeating back to the client the meaning of what was just heard.

Question 8

What is summarizing?

Answer 8

Series of reflections to show depth of listening.

Question 9

What is a SMART goal?

Answer 9

•SPECIFIC
Clearly defined so anyone can understand the intended outcome.
•MEASURABLE
If a goal is not quantifiable, a client can not manage it.
•ATTAINABLE
Challenging, but not extreme.
•REALISTIC
Must be something the client is both willing and able to work toward.
•TIMELY (time-oriented)
Specific date of completion; realistic but not too far in the future.

Question 10

What are the considerations for goal setting for clients?

Answer 10

• Understand what improvements clients hope to achieve.
• Clarify vague client statements (e.g., “I want to feel better,” or “I want to get fit”).
• Have clients verbalize goals for clarification.
• Recognize what is unrealistic for a client.
• Only set goals that are SMART.
• Understand all clients will progress at different speeds.
• Determine when and how each client’s goals will be revisited and reevaluated.

Question 11

What are the stages of behavioral change?

Answer 11

Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance

Question 12

What is the self-confidence behavior modification technique?

Answer 12

Building clients’ confidence leads to

increased exercise adherence.

Question 13

What is the motivational interviewing behavior modification technique?

Answer 13

Collaborative, person centered form of coaching to elicit and strengthen motivation for change.

Question 14

What is the autonomy-supportive coaching behavior modification technique?

Answer 14

Creating an environment that emphasizes self-improvement, rather than beating others (direct competition)

Question 15

What is the prompting behavior modification technique?

Answer 15

Using cues to initiate behavior.

Question 16

What is the contracting behavior modification technique?

Answer 16

Written statements outlining behaviors and consequences for fulfillment

Question 17

What is the cognitive-behavioral approach behavior modification technique?

Answer 17

Association and dissociation techniques, positive self-talk, psyching up, imagery, social support.

Question 18

What is the intrinsic approach behavior modification technique?

Answer 18

Emphasize internal enjoyment and fun of exercise, not just goal completion.

Question 19

What are the forms of support?

Answer 19

Instrumental support—tangible, practical factors necessary to help a person achieve a goal.
Emotional support—expressed through encouragement, caring, empathy, and concern.
Informational support—directions, advice, and suggestions from the professional.
Companionship support—the availability of family and friends to exercise together.

Question 20

What has exercise been shown to do?

Answer 20

Promote positive mood, reduce stress, improve sleep, and reduce depression and anxiety.

Question 21

What are common barriers to exercise?

Answer 21

Time, unrealistic goals, lack of social support, social physique anxiety, convenience.

Question 22

What should happen at the end of the initial session?

Answer 22

• …whether clients have everything they need, are ready to begin, or need more information.
• …the clientele of the facility and how to fit in.
• …what clothing is appropriate for exercise.
• …the effect of other exercisers on their behavior (social facilitation)

Question 23

Which of the following is a characteristic of the maintenance stage?

Answer 23

They have maintained the change for six months or more

Question 24

A new client tells the personal trainer that although he exercises occasionally, he is now ready to try a different approach to become a regular exerciser. This an example of which section of the stages of change model?

Answer 24

Preparation

Question 25

A father decides that there is too much injury risk for his overweight son to partake in personal training. This is an example of which of the following?

Answer 25

Behavior reactants

Question 26

What type of support is given when someone supports their child in starting an exercise program?

Answer 26

Parental