Domain 1: Intro to GitHub - Deck 1

Question 1

Version Control System (VCS)

Answer 1

A program or set of programs that tracks changes to a collectionc of files.

One goal of a VCS is to easily recall earlier versions of individual files or of the entire project. Another goal is to allow several team members to work on a project, even on the same files, at the same time without affecting each other’s work.

Question 2

Software Configuration Management (SCM)

Answer 2

A term used interchangeably with Version Control System (VCS), though technically VCS is just one of the practices involved in SCM.

Question 3

Distributed Architecture (Git)

Answer 3

A project’s complete history is stored both on the client and on the server.

Question 4

Working Tree

Answer 4

The set of nested directories and files that contain the project that’s being worked on.

Question 5

Repository (Repo)

Answer 5

The directory, located at the top level of a working tree, where Git keeps all the history and metadata for a project.

Question 6

Bare Repository

Answer 6

A repository that isn’t part of a working tree; it’s used for sharing or backup. It is usually a directory with a name that ends in .git.

Question 7

Blob Object

Answer 7

An object which contains an ordinary file.

Question 8

Hash

Answer 8

A number produced by a function that represents the contents of a file or another object as a fixed number of digits. Git uses ones that are 160 bits long. One advantage to using them is that Git can tell whether a file has changed by applying the function to its contents and comparing the result to the previous function output.

Question 9

Tree Object

Answer 9

An object which represents a directory; it contains names, hashes, and permissions.

Question 10

Commit Object

Answer 10

An object which represents a specific version of the working tree.

Question 11

Object

Answer 11

A Git repository contains four types of these, each uniquely identified by an SHA-1 hash. They are blob, tree, commit, and tag.

Question 12

Tag Object

Answer 12

An object which is a name attached to a commit.

Question 13

Commit

Answer 13

When used as a verb, it means to make its associative object. This action takes its name from a database operation. It is an action taken so that others can eventually see your changes, too.

Question 14

code: to initialize a git repository

Answer 14

git init

Question 15

The ______ is a hidden directory where Git operates.

Answer 15

repository

Question 16

Notice how Git says octocat.txt is “untracked”? That means Git sees that octocat.txt is a ____ file.

Answer 16

new

Question 17

USe ____ ____ to add file to staging area to be tracked

Answer 17

git add

Question 18

A “_______” is a snapshot of our repository. This way if we ever need to look back at the changes we’ve made (or if someone else does), we will see a nice timeline of all changes.

git commit -m ‘Add all octocat txt files’

Answer 18

commit

Question 19

Think of ___ ___ as a journal that remembers all the changes we’ve committed so far, in the order we committed them. Try running it now:

Answer 19

git log

Question 20

The ___ _____ tells Git where to put our commits when we’re ready

Answer 20

push command