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NBCOT Prep > Domain 1 > Flashcards

Domain 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiopulmonary system: changes associated with aging

A

-Thickening of inner lining of heart
-decreased cardiac output
-changes in elastin of the arterial walls
-reduced lung volume

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2
Q

Oculomotor control

A

Ability to move eyes in all directions/together

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3
Q

Oculomotor impairments may cause

A

Increased head movement
Difficulty keeping place

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4
Q

Stereognosis

A

Ability to perceive objects through touch without visual or auditory cues

Tactile discrimination, haptic/tactile gnosia

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5
Q

Strabismus

A

“Wandering eye”

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6
Q

Condition in which the eyes do not align when looking at an object that may impact accurately reaching for objects or reading

A

Strabismus

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7
Q

Visual ability to differentiate between shades of color and an object and its background

A

Contrast sensitivity

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8
Q

The ability to see 3-dimensional objects and perceive depth; may be impaired by:
• monocular vision
• strabismus

A

Stereopsis

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9
Q

mechanism of the eye that allows clarity of vision when a visual stimulus moves close to or away from the eyes

A

Eye accommodation

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10
Q

The ability to move the eyes horizontally or vertically

OR

The ability of the eyes to systematically search

A

Visual scanning

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11
Q

Visual scanning impairments:

A

Decreased visual attention
Difficulty reading
Difficulty navigating

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12
Q

The ability of the visual system to clearly discriminate shapes and details in the environment

A

Visual acuity

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13
Q

Impaired central vision

A

Central scotoma

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14
Q

The area that a person can see via central and peripheral vision

A

Visual field

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15
Q

Examples of visual field deficits:

A

• central scotoma
• homonymous hemianopia
• quadrantanopia

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16
Q

Cranial nerve associated with motor movement of the tongue

A

Cranial nerve XII: hypoglossal nerve

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17
Q

Cranial nerve innervating the SCM and trapezius muscles for motor movements of shoulder and neck

A

Cranial nerve XI: spinal accessory nerve

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18
Q

Cranial nerves that are tested together and are associated with the following functions:

A

-gag reflex
-regulation of blood pressure
-sense of taste for posterior one-third of tongue
-innervate pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles
-parasympathetic innervation of chest and abdomen

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19
Q

Cranial nerve associated with hearing, balance, and postural control

A

Cranial nerve VIII: vestibulocochlear nerve

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20
Q

Visual field deficit characterized by decreased vision in one quadrant of the visual field

A

Quadrantanopia

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21
Q

Cranial nerve associated with facial expression and senses of taste for anterior two-thirds of tongue

A

Cranial nerve VII: facial nerve

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22
Q

Ability to maintain gaze on visual stimuli

A

Visual attention

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23
Q

The ability to capture a visual image and transfer it to short- and long-term memory for recognition and retrieval at a later time

A

Visual memory

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24
Q

Structured dialogue or conversation to collect information from the client, client’s caregivers or relevant others

A

Interview

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25
Q

Act of watching a client perform an action or occupation-based activity

A

Observation

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26
Q

Part of the OT process completed during evaluation and refined throughout intervention used to gain an understanding of typical level of performance and participation in occupations and client identified priorities

A

Occupational profile

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27
Q

Standardized or non-standardized tool used to collect specific information for the evaluation

A

Assessment

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28
Q

A comprehensive process to determine client-centered priorities and goals, components typically include:
• creating an occupational profile
• administering standardized and non-standardized assessments
• formulating conclusions regarding needs and priorities
• collaboration to develop a targeted plan

A

Evaluation

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29
Q

Type of assessment in which occupational performance is measured through observation and analysis of the client engaging in a functional task

A

Performance-based test

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30
Q

The ability to identify information and determine similarities and differences in the stimulus to form a meaningful pattern

A

Pattern recognition

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31
Q

A quick method used for acquiring general information about a client’s diagnosis or condition

Often used to determine rehabilitation potential or need for more in-depth assessment

A

Screening

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32
Q

Process of gathering relevant information to support a safe and effective therapeutic process

Examples include:
• medical chart
• radiology or lab reports
• prior therapy notes
• reports from interprofessional team members

A

Record review

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33
Q

Written document that contains data pertaining to the client’s situation

A

Client record

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34
Q

The ability to focus on a single detail in a busy background

A

Figure ground discrimination

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35
Q

Figure ground impairments may cause difficulty…

A

• locating personal items in a cluttered space
• finding information on a blackboard
• locating a person in a crowd

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36
Q

The ability to orient oneself to the surroundings using visuospatial skills

A

Topographic orientation

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37
Q

Topographic impairments may cause what type of impairments?

A

Difficulty with directions and navigation or learning routes

38
Q

The ability to differentiate one side of the body from the other

A

Right/left discrimination

39
Q

Impairments in right/left discrimination may cause

A

-decreased ability to follow directional instructions
-difficulty with spatial relations

40
Q

The ability to process visual information by integrating it with other sensory information to perform meaningful activities

A

Visual cognition

41
Q

An assessment method in which a client or a proxy answers a series of written questions to contribute information during the data-gathering process

A

Questionnaire

42
Q

Cranial nerve associated abduction of the eye and accommodation for far vision

A

Cranial nerve VI: Abducens nerve

43
Q

Cranial nerve that innervates muscles associated with chewing, biting, and rotary movements of the jaw

Sensory branch innervates skin, mucous membranes, and sinuses of the face

A

Cranial Nerve V: trigeminal nerve

44
Q

Cranial nerve that innervates muscles of the eye for depression and abduction of the eye

A

Cranial nerve IV: Trochlear nerve

45
Q

An endoscopic surgical procedure used to examine and treat joint injuries

A

Arthroscopy

46
Q

A surgical procedure used to rebuild or replace a synovial joint

A

Arthroplasty

47
Q

A surgical procedure used to fuse a joint

A

Arthrodesis

48
Q

A surgical procedure used to remove pathological tissue, bone, or organ

A

Resection

49
Q

surgical procedure used to change the length or position of a bone

A

Osteotomy

50
Q

A surgical procedure used to remove the synovial membrane that lines a joint

A

Synovectomy

51
Q

Major functions of this lobe of the cerebral cortex include:
• emotional control
• impulse control
• motor function
• short-term memory
• initiation
• executive function, including organization, planning, problem-solving
• social and sexual behavior

A

Frontal lobe

52
Q

Following amputation, experience of perceiving sensory input from residual limb that is no longer present, may include constant or intermittent itching, pain, or burning

A

Phantom sensation

53
Q

Terminology used to classify the level of a congenital deficiency or traumatic loss of an upper limb, includes:
• interscapular
• shoulder disarticulation
• transhumeral (long/short)
• elbow disarticulation
• transradial (long/short)
• wrist disarticulation
• transmetacarpal

A

Classification of upper extremity amputations

54
Q

Lower extremity amputation, also referred to as above knee amputation (AKA), resulting from either surgical or traumatic removal of the lower extremity above the knee

A

Transfemoral amputation

55
Q

Vertebral collapse typically associated with:
• decreased bone density
• trauma from vertical force
• spinal tumors
• infection

A

Compression fracture

56
Q

Curvature of the spine

Musculoskeletal disorder characterized by a sideways curvature of the vertebral column (i.e., the spine)

A

Scoliosis

57
Q

Excessive anterior curvature of the spine

(cervical and lumbar)

A

Lordosis

58
Q

Excessive posterior curvature of the spine

(Thoracic and sacral)

A

Kyphosis

59
Q

Following amputation, experience of feeling the part of the limb that is no longer present

A

Phantom limb

60
Q

Phantom limb interventions

A

Mirror therapy
Early preparatory techniques for use of prosthetic
Education and support

61
Q

Major functions of this lobe of the cerebral cortex include:
• long-term memory
• receptive language (left temporal lobe)
• processing of sensory information (auditory and visual)

A

Temporal lobe

62
Q

Major functions of this lobe of the cerebral cortex include:
• integration of sensory information
• knowledge of numbers and their relations
• manipulation of objects
• visuospatial processing (right)
• praxis (left)

A

Parietal lobe

63
Q

Major functions of this lobe of the cerebral cortex include:
• visual reception
• color recognition

A

Occipital lobe

64
Q

Cranial nerve that innervates muscle for eyelid elevation (prevents ptosis), elevation, depression, and adduction of the eye, and constriction of the pupil

A

Cranial nerve III: Oculomotor nerve

65
Q

Cranial nerve that relays visual information, including visual field and acuity

A

Cranial nerve II: Optic nerve

66
Q

Cranial nerve that relays the sense of smell

A

Cranial nerve I: Olfactory nerve

67
Q

Stage of memory where the brain searches for and recalls relevant information

A

Retrieval

68
Q

Retrieval is associated with which brain structure

A

Frontal lobe

69
Q

Stages of memory

A

Encoding, storage, retrieval

70
Q

Stage of memory where encoded information is transferred to an area of the brain for later retrieval

A

Storage

71
Q

Storage is associated with what brain structures?

A

• bilateral medial temporal lobes
• hippocampus

72
Q

Stage of memory where the brain processes details of information to be remembered

A

Encoding

73
Q

Brain structures associated with encoding

A

• language areas (e.g., Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area)
• frontal lobes
• visual system

74
Q

Type of memory associated with remembering to perform an action or event planned for a future date (e.g., attend a medical appointment, take medication, pay a bill)

A

Prospective memory

75
Q

Type of long-term memory associated with knowing how to perform learned skills and actions (e.g., how to ride a bicycle, tie shoes)

A

Procedural memory

76
Q

Type of declarative long-term memory associated with retrieval of common knowledge, including vocabulary and general facts (e.g., colors, names of political leaders, capitals of countries)

A

Semantic memory

77
Q

Type of declarative long-term memory associated with retrieval of personal information (e.g., food eaten for lunch, clothing worn to school, events at a party)

A

Episodic memory

78
Q

Type of memory associated with storing information for an extended duration of time

A

Long-term memory

79
Q

Three types of long term memory

A

Episodic
Semantic
Procedural

80
Q

Type of memory associated with storing information for an extended duration of time

A

Short-term memory

81
Q

Automatic retrieval of motor or cognitive information required to perform actions or tasks

A

Implicit memory

82
Q

Purposeful retrieval of experiences and factual information about everyday life events

A

Explicit memory

83
Q

Types of explicit memory

A

Episodic and semantic

84
Q

Receptive and/or expressive language impairment secondary to a brain lesion

A

Aphasia

85
Q

Sub categories of aphasia

A

• global
• anomic
• Broca’s
• Wernicke’s
• conduction
• transcortical

86
Q

A person who provides information or answers to questions on behalf of a client during an interview or on a questionnaire

A

Proxy

87
Q

Degenerative process in the spine and typically associated with osteoarthritis, symptoms may include:
• pain
• neurological changes
• motor impairment

A

Spondylosis

88
Q

A type of interview that is conducted in a systematic manner with specific questions that are typically asked in a predetermined and consistent order

A

Structured interview

89
Q

Evaluation tool administered under standard procedures and scored against specific guidelines

A

Standardized test

90
Q

Observation and interview-based assessment used to identify need for home modifications

Features include:
• given to caregivers of clients who have dementia
• scored on safety hazards, functional adaptations, clutter, and comfort

A
91
Q

Major functions of this lobe of the cerebral cortex include:
• integration of sensory information
• knowledge of numbers and their relations
• manipulation of objects
• visuospatial processing (right)
• praxis (left)

A

Parietal lobe

NBCOT Prep (4 decks)

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