Doing research in psychology Flashcards
Observing some phenomenon at a close range is
participant observation.
What’s a limitation with participant observation?
not all behaviors can be observed as they happen private
Trying to understand people from their own point of view is
ethnography
The level of agreement between two or more people who independently observe and code a set of data is called?
Inter-judge reliability
Simply asking people questions using written questionnaires or interviews is referred to as
surveys
A research designed to examine the nature of the relationship between two or more naturally occurring variables is
Correlation
Are variables in correlation research manipulated?
No, it observes naturally occurring variables
A statistical technique that assesses how well you can predict one variable from another is…
Correlation Coefficient
How can a researcher determine the direction and strength of the relationship between variables?
Using correlation coefficient
The calculation of correlation coefficient will you a figure between…
-1.00 to 1.00
What research method can one use to observe behaviors that cannot be created in the laboratory?
Correlation method
What’s the main challenge with the correlation research method ?
one cannot determine cause and effect
Teenage pregnancy leads to school dropout and vice versa. What problem of correlation is this ?
Reverse causality
A research method where one variable is systematically manipulated to see its impact on another variable is?
Experiment
The variable manipulated is called?
Independent variable
Outcome measures and produced by an independent variable is called
dependent variable
Does manipulation take place in the control group or experimental group?
latter
Are the people in field experiments aware that they’re experienced are in fact an experiment?
they are unaware
Can field experiments be generalized? why?
yes because people exhibit their true character since they have no idea about an experiment
What is the most appropriate tool to investigate institutions and organizations?
Field experiment
The study of people’s cultures and values is referred to as…
ethnography
In which type of research method is participant observation a primary method?
Ethnography
What is Hawthorne effect?
This is where individuals change their behavior because they know they are being observed
What is theory?
an attempt by researchers to answer a why question
Predictions derived from a formulated theory is called?
hypothesis
Knowledge generation is a cyclical process of
testing-retesting and testing
The tendency on the part of researchers to become personally involved with their theories such that their focus shifts from testing to confirming it is called?
Confirmation bias
When a researcher ignores data that conflicts with their theory or manipulate data or designs his study in such a way that they are confirmed falls under…
confirmation bias
A research technique where one withholds or conceals information about the purposes or procedures of a study from participants is called?
Deception
Deception is basically
misleading participants about the true purpose of a study
Which research method do researchers use confederates or accomplices?
Deception
Prior to participants’ decision making to take part in a research, they are given full description of the procedures to be followed thus they know what they are getting into. What research procedure does this fall under?
Informed consent
A procedure where participants are made aware of the true purpose of the study and why particular approaches or procedures were used at the end of a research is called?
Debriefing
