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IPHP > Doing Philosophy > Flashcards

Doing Philosophy Flashcards

1
Q

A Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy

A

Socrates
(c.470 BC 399 BC)

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2
Q

are people who engage in philosophy or
“lover of wisdom”

A

Philosophers

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3
Q

comes from two Greek words: philos (love) and sophia (wisdom) which were used by ancient Greeks to refer to “love of wisdom” and soon applied it to the study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate, causes, reasons, and principles which govern all things

A

Philosophy

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4
Q

traces its roots to when people started asking “why” and tried looking for answers.

A

Philosophizing

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5
Q

Always remember that these are difficult questions and almost impossible to answer.

A

Philosophical Questions

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6
Q

Philosophical Questions

A

What is the origin of the universe and everything that exists?

Does God exist? If so, why is there suffering?

What is the meaning and purpose of life?

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7
Q

Called the real first philosopher by Aristotle and cited as one of the Seven Wise Men in “Protagoras” by Plato.

A

Thales of Miletus:
Lived from c.624 c. 545 B.C.

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8
Q

FIRST PRINCIPLE
All matter comes from a single material substance: _____

A

“Water as a first principle”

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9
Q

a mathematician and scientist, credited with
formulating the Pythagorean Theorem

A

Pythagoras

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10
Q

proposed that everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan which he called logos

A

Heraclitus

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11
Q

study the causes of natural phenomena was among the first to propose that matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms

A

Democritus

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12
Q

a known advocate of living a simple and virtuous life

A

Diogenes of Sinope

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13
Q

philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness

A

Epicurus

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14
Q

school of philosophy which believes that wisdom and simple living will result in a life free of fear and pain

A

Epicureanism

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15
Q

considered the foremost philosopher of ancient times

A

Socrates

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16
Q

a means of examining a topic by devising a series of questions that let the learner examine and anlyze his knowledge and views regarding the topic.

A

Socratic Method

17
Q

a student of Socrates, he wrote down his mentor’s teachings and incorporated some of his own ideas

A

Plato

18
Q

a method of inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge

A

Dialectic

19
Q

an institution of higher learning which was the first of its kind in the Western World

A

Academy

20
Q

he attended the academy and prominent student of Plato

A

Aristotle

21
Q

Study of things beyond the physical; concepts or things that cannot be experimented

A

METAPHYSICS=foundation of philosophy

meta:beyond/after

physika:Physical/nature

22
Q

studies beings in their ultimate causes, reasons
and principles through the aid of reason alone

A

ONTOLOGY or GENERAL METAPHYSICS
onto:being or that which is
Logos:
knowledge or study

23
Q

studies the world (or universe) including
its origin, dynamics and characteristics, as well as the laws that govern its order

A

SPECIAL METAPHYSICS

COSMOLOGY
kosmos:world
logos:study

24
Q

study of the nature and dynamics of the human person as a whole with emphasis on the way the person’s mind functions and the way he/she behaves

A

PSYCHOLOGY
psyche:soul/mind
logos:study

25
Q

study of God justification of the goodness of God in the face of the existence of evil

A

THEODICY or NATURAL THEOLOGY

theos:God

26
Q

study of the nature and scope of knowledge and justified belief

A

Epistemology
episteme:knowledge
logos:study

27
Q

study of the principles and criteria of a valid argument = distinguish sound or good reasoning from unsoundnor bad reasoning

A

LOGIC
logos= science of correct thinking

28
Q

morality of human= actions how human persons ought to act and the search for a definition of a right conduct and good life

A

ETHICS
ethos:custom or habit

29
Q

the nature of values

A

Axiology

30
Q

issues of right and wrong, responsibility, and standards of conduct.

A

Ethics

31
Q

the nature of beauty and art.

A

Aesthetics

32
Q

-IS WHEN ONE EXAMINES HIS OR HER THOUGHTS OR FEELINGS AND, ACTIONS; AND EVALUATE HIS OR HER EXPERIENCES FIRST BEFORE MAKING ANY RELATED ACTION

A

PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION

33
Q
  • IT TAKES INTO ACCOUNT ALL THE ASPECTS OF A GIVEN SITUATION OR PROBLEM BEFORE MAKING ANY ACTION OR CONCLUSIONS
A

HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE

34
Q

which is the ability to think logically. The ability of the mind to construct and evaluate arguments.

A

Primary Reflection

35
Q

According to Marcel this type of reflection enables us to look deeper into our experiences and see the bigger picture of reality.

A

Secondary reflection

36
Q

When we are doing philosophical reflections and we are engaged in finding ways or methodologies to eliminate any practical problem or abstract idea, we are already ______

A

“doing philosophy”.

IPHP (8 decks)

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