Doing Philosophy Flashcards
It is the first major question that philosophers look into
QUESTION OF REALITY
Refers to the state of existence of things independent of human consciousness
REALITY
Involves facts and descriptions about everyday, and tangible objects.
CONCRETE REALITY
Involves a mental process
ABSTRACT REALITY
The branch of Philosophy which addresses questions regarding reality
METAPHYSICS
A branch of metaphysics which focuses on the classification of existing things
ONTOLOGY
Refers to perfect knowledge that is free from error or doubt
CERTAINTY
The second major focus of philosophical investigation
QUESTION OF CERTAINTY
A central concept in the question of certainty
TRUTH
The means by which man is able to know
KNOWLEDGE
It is wisdom or a self-knowledge
SOPHIA
Technical Knowledge
TECHNE
Scientific knowledge
EPISTEME
Opinions or Rumors
DOXA
A theory of knowledge which believes that knowledge is a PRIORI KNOWLEDGE
RATIONALISM
It us based on pure reasoning without benefit of any experience
PRIORI KNOWLEDGE
Another theory which considers knowledge to be a POSTERIORI KNOWLEDGE
EMPIRICISM
Knowledge that gained from experience
POSTERIORI KNOWLEDGE
Another theory, that questions the certainty of established doctrines or truths and believes that the mind has limits in perceiving and understanding reality- thus, all knowledge is uncertain
SKEPTICISM
The branch of Philosophy which deals with the nature and extent of knowledge
EPISTEMOLOGY
Causes of events and phenomena
QUESTION OF CAUSALITY
Closely related to the concept of causality are questions regarding the what of things?
ORIGIN
It is another important concept related to causality, which is the explanation of a thing’s function or goal.
PURPOSE
Refers to the reason for a thing’s existence
PURPOSE
A things purpose is often considered its final or ?
ULTIMATE CAUSE
The capacity of man to govern or control his actions
AGENCY
The ability to choose among possible actions
FREE WILL
A concept which it is important aspect of any discussion on agency and free will
CHOICE
Which shows that each event is determined or influenced by a specific set of events or factors
DETERMINISM
Refers to a predetermined course of events leading to a specific outcome or future
DESTINY
The branch of Philosophy that studies causality
ETIOLOGY
The branch which deals with the question of purpose
TELEOLOGY
Deals with the standards of right and wrong which define human behavior
ETHICS
A field of study, discusses and defines concepts and principles which are meant to govern reasoning and action
ETHICS
Important concepts related to ethics
Right and wrong, the “Greater good”, duty, obligation, and virtue
The branch that seeks to apply and analyze these concepts in various situations, contexts, and cultures, and recommend guidelines that will govern the decisions and actions of people
ETHICS OR MORAL PHILOSOPHY
A method, which each aspect of the topic in question is analyzed to determine its validity or truthfulness
SYSTEMATIC DOUBT
Philosophers engage in discussion and debate on their ideas. Various perspectives on a topic are taken into consideration and examined
ARGUMENT
Varied and differing ideas and perspectives are analyzed and from the information gathered, new ideas and views are formulated
DIALECTIC
It is a method of analyzing a topic by formulating a series of questions designed to analyze its various aspects, and examine and clarify a person’s views on it
SOCRATIC METHOD
These refer to assumptions which are taken for granted in a philosophical discussion
AXIOMS
It is a problem-solving device used in analyzing possible explanations regarding a phenomenon. This principle state that among possible explanations, the one which has the least assumptions is the most acceptable
OCCAM’S RAZOR
It is a systematic analysis of the validity of arguments and statements
FORMAL LOGIC
A logical arguments presented as a series of related statements
SYLLOGISM
These are imagined scenarios used to illustrate a certain problem or describe a theory
THOUGHT EXPERIMENT AND ALLEGORY
Is it right for one life to be sacrificed, so that hundreds will be saved?
ETHICS
When the politician said that he ran for office because he wanted to serve, was he being sincere or deceitful?
CERTAINTY
The passage of time is an illusion
REALITY
What factors brought about the Great Recession in the United States in 2007?
CAUSALITY
The rampant abuse of natural resources and the uncontrolled release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere had contributed to global warming and climate change
CAUSALITY
We happen to live in one of many possible worlds
REALITY
It is not right for one man to live in prosperity while thousands suffer in poverty
ETHICS
Let’s find out what happens when we mix potassium chloride and sodium nitrate
CERTAINTY
Everything that happens is according to God’s divine plan
CAUSALITY
The forensic evidence gathered from the crime scene proves that the suspect was in the room when the crime was committed
CERTAINTY
