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OBGYN pharmacology > DOC/ indications > Flashcards

DOC/ indications Flashcards

1
Q

mag sulfate

A

delay labor- relax uterus

preeclampsia

eclampsia

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2
Q

clomiphene

A

(anti-estrogen)

DOC for infertility in women

(stimulates LH and FSH)

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3
Q

ergonovine maleate

methylergonovine maleate

A

(ergots)

prevent hemorrhage after delivery or suction abortion

(by causing contractions)

not first line (OT)

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4
Q

leuprolide

goserelin

A

(long acting GnRH agonists)

precocious puberty

prostate CA

endometriosis

(can also be used in ART to suppress LH and FSH

but GnRH antagonists preferred)

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5
Q

“gliptins”

A

(DPP-4 inhibitors)

medium A1C decrease

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6
Q

raloxifene

A

(anti-estrogen)

post menopausal osteoporosis

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7
Q

PTH effects

A

increases serum calcium

by getting osteoblasts to release RANK-L (osteoclastic)

increases renal reabsorption

increases GI absorption

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8
Q

acarbose

miglitol

A

T1DM and T2DM

moderate A1C decrease

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9
Q

colesevelam

A

small decrease in A1C

decreases LDL

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10
Q

HMG (FSH analog)

HCG (LH analog)

A

infertility

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11
Q

tamoxifen

A

(anti-estrogen)

DOC for estrogen dependent breast CA

pre and post menopause

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12
Q

indomethacin

A

(NSAID)

delay labor- relax uterus

by reducing prostaglandins

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13
Q

nitroglycerin

A

in emergency to delay labor- relax uterus

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14
Q

calcitonin effects

A

decreases serum calcium

stimulated by estrogen

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15
Q

“dronates”

A

(bisphosphonates)

DOC for osteoporosis

in men and postmenopausal women

pagets disease

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16
Q

metformin benefits

A

1st line- big decrease in A1C

reduces glucose to euglycemic state

good for heart- decreases MIs

does not increase weight

decreases mortality

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17
Q

pramlintide

A

(amylin like peptide)

used in T1DM and T2DM

small decrease in A1C

weight loss

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18
Q

testosterone

methyltestosterone

A

M- testicular deficiency

F- female hypopituitaryism (treated w/ both estrogens and androgens)

everyone- debilitated people (burns, preemies, post op pts)

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19
Q

vit D effects

A

increases blood calcium

by getting osteoblasts to release RANK-L (osteoclastic)

increases renal reabsorption

increases GI absorption

  • works in conjunction w/ PTH*
  • stimulates collagen synthesis in osteoblasts*
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20
Q

tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide

glyburide, glimepride, glipizide

A

(sulfonylurea)

big A1C decrease

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21
Q

drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol

A

combo oral contraceptive that

reduces water retention

reduces PMDD sxs

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22
Q

nifedipine

A

(CCB)

delay labor- relax uterus

starting to be 1st line

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23
Q

calcium

A

alone will not prevent or tx osteoporosis

needed for other tx to work though

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24
Q

cetrorelix

ganirelix

A

(GnRH antagonists)

ART (suppresses LH and FSH)

endometriosis

prostate CA

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25
Q

carboprost tromethamine

A

(prostaglandin)

abortion- 2nd trimester

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26
Q

calcitonin

A

prevents vertebral compression fractures

27
Q

propylthiouracil

A

(thioamide derivative)

for pregnant women with hyperthyroidism, Graves, toxic nodular goiter

(tachycardia, wide pulse pressure, sensitivity to heat, tremor, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

28
Q

radioactive iodine 131

A

DOC for toxic nodular goiter

LD for hyperthyroid diagnosis

HD for thryoid destruction (ablation)

hyperthyroid pts with heart dz that cannot tolerate sx

29
Q

danazol

A

(weak progestin + androgen)

endometriosis

30
Q

repaglinide

nateglinide

A

(meglitinide)

if you want to give a sulfonylurea but can’t because of sulfa allergy

31
Q

liothyronine sodium

A

(T3)

myxedema coma or severe hypotension

(poorly responsive pt w/ thyroidectomy scar)

32
Q

iodide

A

used prior to thyroidectomy (it decreases gland vascularity)

to prevent uptake of radioactive iodine

hyperthyroidism- short term effect

(tachycardia, wide pulse pressure, sensitivity to heat, tremor, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

33
Q

exemestane

anastrozole

letrozole

A

(aromatase inhibitor)

DOC- POST menopausal refractory breast CA

34
Q

mifepristone

A

(anti-progestin, also antagonizes glucocorticoid receptors)

abortion

often used in combo w/ PG (RU-486)

35
Q

what do you give to girls who don’t go through puberty

A

HRT

estrogens + progesterone

(combo to reduce ovarian hyperplasia)

use LD

36
Q

“gliflozins”

A

(SGLT-2 inhibitors)

medium A1C effect

good for heart- decreases MI

weight loss

37
Q

what do you give for:

vasomotor problems: HA, hot flashes

GU: dryness, painful sex

osteoporosis

heart disease

A

HRT

estrogens + progesterone

(combo to reduce ovarian hyperplasia)

use LD

ONLY BENEFICIAL FOR 1ST 5-10 YEARS OF MENOPAUSE

raloxifene

38
Q

male infertility issues due to pituitary prob or hypothalamic hypogonadism

(ART)

A

1st HCG- LH- given for up to a year

(stimulates testosterone)

2nd HMG- FSH- added for months

(stimulates spermatogenesis)

39
Q

teriparatide

abaloparatide

rhPTH

A

(recombinant PTH)

osteoporosis

not DOC but the

only anabolic menopausal tx

40
Q

what do you give to a pt who wants a “bioidentical birth control”

A

natazia

41
Q

pioglitazone

rosiglitazone

A

(thiazolidinones)

big decrease in A1C

SPECIFICALLY TARGETS INSULIN RESISTANCE

42
Q

levothyroxine sodium

A

(T4)

hypothyroidism

(slow metabolic rate, hypothermia, sensitive to cold, fatigue, bradycardia, thick skin, low BP)

43
Q

vit D

A

prophylaxis of osteomalacia

44
Q

estrogen dependent breast CA

A

tamoxifen

45
Q

bromocriptine mesylate

A

(dopamine agonist)

small decrease in A1C

reduces FA and TG levels

good for the heart

46
Q

propanolol

A

decrease hyperthyroidism sxs

(tachycardia, wide pulse pressure, sensitivity to heat, tremor, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

47
Q

“glutides” and exenatide

benefits

A

(GLP-1 agonists)

big decrease in A1C

good for heart- decreases MI

weight loss

48
Q

finasteride

dutasteride

A

(5 alpha reductase inhibitors)

benign prostatic hyperplasia

male pattern baldness

49
Q

female infertility issues

(ART)

A

in sequence:

1st- HMG- for 9-12 days

(develops ovarian follicles)

2nd- HCG- 1 dose

(helps to synthesize progesterone in corpus luteum)

50
Q

tranexamic acid

A

(anti-fibrinolytic)

reduced postpartum hemorrhage death

51
Q

flutamide

bicalutamide

nilutamide

A

(androgen receptor antagonist)

prostate CA

also when you initiate long acting GnRH agonists to suppress the initial surge of androgens

52
Q

estradiol

estrogens

A

oral contracetives

hormone replacement therapy

primary hypogonadism (to stimulate puberty)

prostate CA

53
Q

19-nortesterone

progesterone, medroxyprogesterone, megestrol acetate

A

contraception +/- estrogen

decrease endometrial hyperplasia in HRT

prophylactically to maintain pregnancy (and delay early contractions in at risk pregnancy)

54
Q

methimazole

A

(thioamide derivatives)

DOC for hyperthyroidism and Graves

also for toxic nodular goiter

(tachycardia, wide pulse pressure, sensitivity to heat, tremor, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

55
Q

denosumab

A

osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men at high risk of fractures

in review she said it was also good for osteoporosis prevention in CA pts

56
Q

dinoprostone

A

(prostaglandin)

abortion

cervical ripening (gel form)

57
Q

spironolactactone

A

hirsutism

precocious puberty

VERY HIGH DOSE

58
Q

oxytocin

A

DOC to induce labor (after massage has been tried)

prevent hemorrhage after delivery

stimulate milk let down

59
Q

breast CA:

1st, 2nd, 3rd line

A

DOC- tamoxifen

2- exemastane, anastrozole, letrozole (but not in premenopause)

3- fulvestrant

60
Q

DM agents’ A1C… high to low effect

A

high

metformin, GLP-1, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinones

med

DPP-4, SGLT-2

low

acarbose, miglitol, bromocriptine, repaglinide, nateglinide, pramlintide

61
Q

order of drugs for postpartum hemorrhage

A

1- massage

2- OT

3- ergots

4- tranexamic acid (anti-fibrinolytic)

62
Q

drugs for abortion

A

dinoprostone

carboprost tromethamine

mifepristone

63
Q

drug for placenta delivery

A

ergots

OBGYN pharmacology (6 decks)

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