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OBGYN pharmacology > adverse effects > Flashcards

adverse effects Flashcards

1
Q

“glutides”

+

exenatide

(liraglutide, dulaglutide, abiglutide, lixisenatide)

A

acute pancreatitis

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2
Q

estradiol

estrone

estriol

A

dose dependent:

thromoboembolism

increased blood clotting

gall bladder dz

migraines

HTN

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3
Q

sudden ovarian enlargement

increased vascular permeability

rapid accumulation of fluids (peritoneal, pleural, pericardial)

hypovolemia

fever

shock

A

ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

adverse effect of ART

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4
Q

oxytocin

A

water intoxication at high concentration

uterine rupture in large dose

sinus bradycardia of the fetus

anaphylaxis

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5
Q

acarbose, miglitol

(alpha glucosidase inhibitors)

A

flatulence

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6
Q

clomiphene

(anti-estrogen)

A

multiple pregnancies

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7
Q

danazol

(antiprogestin)

A

“very unpleasant”

weight gain, edema, acne, oily skin, HA

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8
Q

nifedipine

A

hypotension

don’t combo with mag sulfate

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9
Q

insulin

A

hypoglycemia

weight gain

cough/ bronchospasm (inhaled)

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10
Q

exemestane

anastrozole

letrozole

(aromatase inhibitors)

A

menopausal sxs

(hot flashes)

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11
Q

tamoxifen

(anti-estrogen)

A

increased risk of uterine CA

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12
Q

“gliptins”

(sitagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin)

A

acute pancreatitis

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13
Q

levothyroxine sodium

liothyronine sodium

A

hyperthyroidism

(tx by decreasing dose or take a day off)

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14
Q

drugs that have interactions with thyroid hormones

A

WEST

warfarin

estrogen

steroids

tamoxifen

not mentioned but bolded in HO:

CRAP SIA

carbemazepine, rifampin, antacids, phenytoin, salicylates, iodine, anti-DM drugs

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15
Q

carbost tromethamine

dinoprostone

(prostaglandins)

A

vomiting

diarrhea

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16
Q

combo oral contraceptives drug interactions

A

3 antis + hypoglycemic + warfarin

antibiotics

warfarin

anticonvulsants

tricyclic antidepressants

oral hypoglycemic agents

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17
Q

finasteride

dutasteride

(5 alpha reductase inhibitors)

A

gynecomastia

ED

18
Q

“glitazones”

(pioglitazone, rosiglitazone)

A

edema –> increased risk of HF

hypoglycemia

weight gain

bone fractures

19
Q

fulvestrant

A

hot flashes

GI sxs

HA

20
Q

anti DM drugs with the biggest hypoglycemia risk

A

sulfonylureas

meglitinides

21
Q

fertility tx

A

*** ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ***

multiple births

gynecomastia

22
Q

Hormone Replacement Therapy

A

endometrial/ uterine/ breast CA

hyperplasia

gallbladder dz

thromboembolism

23
Q

the only DM drugs that are not oral and are SC instead

A

GLP-1 agonists (glutides, exenatide)

pramlintide

24
Q

sulfonylureas with the worst hypoglycemia

A

glyburide

then first gens

25
Q

repaglinide

nateglinide

A

(same as sulfonylureas but no sulfa allergy)

low hypoglycemia effects

26
Q

tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide

A

hypoglycemia- highest risk of any noninsulin tx

weight gain

sulfa allergy

27
Q

“gliflozin”

(canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin)

A

vag infections (fungal, UTI)

polyuria

AKI

increased LDL

28
Q

norethindrone/ norgestrel/ levonorgestrel

estradiol/ mestranol

A

thromboembolic and blood clotting disorders

weight gain

nausea

edema

depression

HTN

migraine

MI

29
Q

sulfonylurea with the least hypoglycemic effects

A

glipizide

30
Q

propylthiouracil

A

Black Box Warning:

liver injury

acute liver failure

31
Q

mag sulfate

A

hypotension

don’t combo with nifedipine

32
Q

metformin

A

lactic acidosis

diarrhea

B12 deficiency

33
Q

ergonovine maleate

methylergonovine maleate

(ergots)

A

fetal hypoxia

DO NOT GIVE TO INDUCE LABOR

34
Q

alendronate

risendronate

ibandronate

zolendronate

A

upper GI irritation

(why you need to be upright for 30 mins after taking orally)

osteonecrosis of the jaw

abdominal pain

renal toxicity (IV)

35
Q

indomethacin

A

closure of fetal ductus arteriosus

36
Q

hydrocortisone, cortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone, fluticasone

A

iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency

infection susceptibility

peptic ulcers

hyperglycemia

eye effects (cataracts, increased IOP, glaucoma)

CNS (restlessness, insomnia)

osteoporosis

muscle wasting and weakness

37
Q

GnRH agonists (leuprolide, goserelin)

GnRH antagonists (cetrorelix, ganirelix)

A

menopausal sxs

(hot flashes, amenorrhea, decreased bone density)

testicular atrophy

38
Q

corticosteroids

A

ulcers

hyperglycemia

osteoporosis

chronic tx (more than 1-2 weeks) depresses HPA axis so you CANNOT DC abruptly, taper off

39
Q

raloxifene

(anti-estrogen)

A

hot flashes

DVT

40
Q

testosterone

methyltestosterone

A

decrease testosterone (in men)

masculinization (in women)

pseudohermatphroditism (in fetus)

both:

oily skin

decreased HDL

psych changes

41
Q

ketoconazole

A

gynecomastia

libido decrease

impotence

42
Q

glyburide, glipizide, glimepiride

A

hypoglycemia- highest risk of any noninsulin tx

weight gain

sulfa allergy

OBGYN pharmacology (6 decks)

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