adverse effects Flashcards
“glutides”
+
exenatide
(liraglutide, dulaglutide, abiglutide, lixisenatide)
acute pancreatitis
estradiol
estrone
estriol
dose dependent:
thromoboembolism
increased blood clotting
gall bladder dz
migraines
HTN
sudden ovarian enlargement
increased vascular permeability
rapid accumulation of fluids (peritoneal, pleural, pericardial)
hypovolemia
fever
shock
ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
adverse effect of ART
oxytocin
water intoxication at high concentration
uterine rupture in large dose
sinus bradycardia of the fetus
anaphylaxis
acarbose, miglitol
(alpha glucosidase inhibitors)
flatulence
clomiphene
(anti-estrogen)
multiple pregnancies
danazol
(antiprogestin)
“very unpleasant”
weight gain, edema, acne, oily skin, HA
nifedipine
hypotension
don’t combo with mag sulfate
insulin
hypoglycemia
weight gain
cough/ bronchospasm (inhaled)
exemestane
anastrozole
letrozole
(aromatase inhibitors)
menopausal sxs
(hot flashes)
tamoxifen
(anti-estrogen)
increased risk of uterine CA
“gliptins”
(sitagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin)
acute pancreatitis
levothyroxine sodium
liothyronine sodium
hyperthyroidism
(tx by decreasing dose or take a day off)
drugs that have interactions with thyroid hormones
WEST
warfarin
estrogen
steroids
tamoxifen
not mentioned but bolded in HO:
CRAP SIA
carbemazepine, rifampin, antacids, phenytoin, salicylates, iodine, anti-DM drugs
carbost tromethamine
dinoprostone
(prostaglandins)
vomiting
diarrhea
combo oral contraceptives drug interactions
3 antis + hypoglycemic + warfarin
antibiotics
warfarin
anticonvulsants
tricyclic antidepressants
oral hypoglycemic agents
finasteride
dutasteride
(5 alpha reductase inhibitors)
gynecomastia
ED
“glitazones”
(pioglitazone, rosiglitazone)
edema –> increased risk of HF
hypoglycemia
weight gain
bone fractures
fulvestrant
hot flashes
GI sxs
HA
anti DM drugs with the biggest hypoglycemia risk
sulfonylureas
meglitinides
fertility tx
*** ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ***
multiple births
gynecomastia
Hormone Replacement Therapy
endometrial/ uterine/ breast CA
hyperplasia
gallbladder dz
thromboembolism
the only DM drugs that are not oral and are SC instead
GLP-1 agonists (glutides, exenatide)
pramlintide
sulfonylureas with the worst hypoglycemia
glyburide
then first gens
repaglinide
nateglinide
(same as sulfonylureas but no sulfa allergy)
low hypoglycemia effects
tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide
hypoglycemia- highest risk of any noninsulin tx
weight gain
sulfa allergy
“gliflozin”
(canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin)
vag infections (fungal, UTI)
polyuria
AKI
increased LDL
norethindrone/ norgestrel/ levonorgestrel
estradiol/ mestranol
thromboembolic and blood clotting disorders
weight gain
nausea
edema
depression
HTN
migraine
MI
sulfonylurea with the least hypoglycemic effects
glipizide
propylthiouracil
Black Box Warning:
liver injury
acute liver failure
mag sulfate
hypotension
don’t combo with nifedipine
metformin
lactic acidosis
diarrhea
B12 deficiency
ergonovine maleate
methylergonovine maleate
(ergots)
fetal hypoxia
DO NOT GIVE TO INDUCE LABOR
alendronate
risendronate
ibandronate
zolendronate
upper GI irritation
(why you need to be upright for 30 mins after taking orally)
osteonecrosis of the jaw
abdominal pain
renal toxicity (IV)
indomethacin
closure of fetal ductus arteriosus
hydrocortisone, cortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone, fluticasone
iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency
infection susceptibility
peptic ulcers
hyperglycemia
eye effects (cataracts, increased IOP, glaucoma)
CNS (restlessness, insomnia)
osteoporosis
muscle wasting and weakness
GnRH agonists (leuprolide, goserelin)
GnRH antagonists (cetrorelix, ganirelix)
menopausal sxs
(hot flashes, amenorrhea, decreased bone density)
testicular atrophy
corticosteroids
ulcers
hyperglycemia
osteoporosis
chronic tx (more than 1-2 weeks) depresses HPA axis so you CANNOT DC abruptly, taper off
raloxifene
(anti-estrogen)
hot flashes
DVT
testosterone
methyltestosterone
decrease testosterone (in men)
masculinization (in women)
pseudohermatphroditism (in fetus)
both:
oily skin
decreased HDL
psych changes
ketoconazole
gynecomastia
libido decrease
impotence
glyburide, glipizide, glimepiride
hypoglycemia- highest risk of any noninsulin tx
weight gain
sulfa allergy
