DNS

Question 1

What is the prevalence of deviated nasal septum (DNS) in the population?

Answer 1

80% of the population have DNS

DNS is a common condition affecting nasal airflow.

Question 2

What are the classifications of deviated nasal septum based on symptoms?

Answer 2

1. Simple
2. Obstructive
3. Impacted

These classifications help in understanding the severity and type of obstruction.

Question 3

What are the congenital causes of deviated nasal septum?

Answer 3

• Choanal atresia
• Dermoid
• Teratoma
• Bifid nose
• Cleft palate
• Cleft lip

These conditions can lead to structural abnormalities in the nasal septum.

Question 4

What is the Mladina classification of nasal septum deviation?

Answer 4

• Spur
• Thickening of nasal septum
• Nasal obstruction
• Nasal discharge
• Sinusitis
• Epistaxis

The Mladina classification categorizes the types of septal deviations based on their anatomical features.

Question 5

What complications can arise from a deviated nasal septum?

Answer 5

• Rhinological headache
• Dryness and crusting
• Hyposmia or anosmia
• Cosmetic issues
• Snoring and sleep apnea

These complications can significantly affect a person’s quality of life.

Question 6

What is the purpose of the Cool spatula test?

Answer 6

To assess the reduction of mist formation on the affected part

This test helps in evaluating the airflow through the nasal passages.

Question 7

What is the Killian incision used for in septoplasty?

Answer 7

5mm from the caudal border of septal cartilage

This incision is a standard approach in septoplasty to access the septum.

Question 8

What is the age restriction for performing septoplasty?

Answer 8

Can be done in patients older than 17 years

This restriction is due to the development of nasal structures.

Question 9

What is the difference between septoplasty and submucosal resection (SMR)?

Answer 9

In septoplasty, only part of the cartilage and bone is removed; in SMR, the entire cartilage is removed

SMR is a more extensive procedure compared to septoplasty.

Question 10

What is the complication rate for septoplasty?

Answer 10

Less than 3-5%

This indicates that septoplasty is generally a safe procedure.

Question 11

What are the potential complications of submucosal resection (SMR)?

Answer 11

• Bleeding
• Septal hematoma
• Septal abscess
• Septal perforation
• Columellar retraction
• Saddle deformity
• Synechiae

SMR has a higher complication rate compared to septoplasty.

Question 12

True or False: Rhinomanometry is used to assess the severity of nasal resistance.

Answer 12

True

Rhinomanometry is a diagnostic tool used to evaluate nasal airflow.

Question 13

What are the clinical features of an anterior dislocation of the nasal septum?

Answer 13

• Unilateral obstruction
• C-shaped deviation
• Inf turbinates shrink on the affected side

This type of deviation can lead to significant nasal blockage.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The __________ test involves lateral stretching of the cheek to improve the nasal valve.

Answer 14

Cottle

This test helps in evaluating the nasal airflow and obstruction.

Question 15

What imaging techniques are commonly used to assess deviated nasal septum?

Answer 15

• X-ray
• Nasal endoscopy
• CT scan

These imaging methods provide detailed views of nasal anatomy.

Question 16

What symptoms are associated with hyposmia or anosmia due to a deviated nasal septum?

Answer 16

Restriction of airflow to the olfactory cleft

This can significantly affect the sense of smell.